Ectodermal organ development, including lacrimal gland, is characterized by an interaction between an epithelium and a mesenchyme. Murine lacrimal gland is a good model to study non-stereotypical branching morphogenesis. In vitro cultures allow the study of morphogenesis events with easy access to high-resolution imaging. Particularly, embryonic lacrimal gland organotypic 3D cell cultures enable the follow-up of branching morphogenesis thanks to the analysis of territories organization by immunohistochemistry. In this chapter, we describe a method to culture primary epithelial fragments together with primary mesenchymal cells, isolated from embryonic day 17 lacrimal glands.

• Klíčová slova
• 3D culture, Branching, Development, Epithelium, Lacrimal gland, Morphogenesis,
• MeSH
• epitel MeSH
• morfogeneze MeSH
• myši MeSH
• orgánové kultury - kultivační techniky MeSH
• slzné ústrojí * MeSH
• techniky 3D buněčné kultury MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

On 8 December 2022 the organizing committee of the European Network for Breast Development and Cancer labs (ENBDC) held its fifth annual Think Tank meeting in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Here, we embraced the opportunity to look back to identify the most prominent breakthroughs of the past ten years and to reflect on the main challenges that lie ahead for our field in the years to come. The outcomes of these discussions are presented in this position paper, in the hope that it will serve as a summary of the current state of affairs in mammary gland biology and breast cancer research for early career researchers and other newcomers in the field, and as inspiration for scientists and clinicians to move the field forward.

• Klíčová slova
• Breast cancer heterogeneity, Lineage tracing, Model systems, Prevention and early detection, Single cell analyses, Treatment and recurrence,
• MeSH
• biologie MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mléčné žlázy lidské * MeSH
• nádory prsu * MeSH
• prsy MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

The thirteenth annual workshop of the European Network for Breast Development and Cancer (ENBDC) Laboratories Annual Workshop took place on the 28-30 April 2022 in Weggis, Switzerland and focused on methods in mammary gland biology and breast cancer. Sixty scientists participated in the ENBDC annual workshop which had not been held in person since 2019 due to the global COVID-19 pandemic. Topics spanned the mammary gland biology field, ranging from lactation biology and embryonic development, single cell sequencing of the human breast, and stunning cutting-edge imaging of the mouse mammary gland and human breast as well as breast cancer research topics including invasive progression of the pre-invasive DCIS stage, metabolic determinants of endocrine therapy resistance, models for lobular breast cancer, and how mutational landscapes of normal breast during age and pregnancy determine cancer risk. The latest findings from participating researchers were presented through oral presentations and poster sessions and included plenty of unpublished work.

• Klíčová slova
• Breast cancer, Breast development, Ductal carcinoma in situ, In vivo live imaging, Lactation, Lobular breast cancer, Mammary gland biology, Organoids, Patient-derived xenografts, Resistance to endocrine therapy,
• MeSH
• biologie MeSH
• COVID-19 * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mléčné žlázy lidské * metabolismus   MeSH
• mléčné žlázy zvířat metabolismus   MeSH
• myši MeSH
• nádory prsu * genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• pandemie MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• myši MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

The mammary gland is a highly dynamic tissue that changes throughout reproductive life, including growth during puberty and repetitive cycles of pregnancy and involution. Mammary gland tumors represent the most common cancer diagnosed in women worldwide. Studying the regulatory mechanisms of mammary gland development is essential for understanding how dysregulation can lead to breast cancer initiation and progression. Three-dimensional (3D) mammary organoids offer many exciting possibilities for the study of tissue development and breast cancer. In the present protocol derived from Sumbal et al., we describe a straightforward 3D organoid system for the study of lactation and involution ex vivo. We use primary and passaged mouse mammary organoids stimulated with fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and prolactin to model the three cycles of mouse mammary gland lactation and involution processes. This 3D organoid model represents a valuable tool to study late postnatal mammary gland development and breast cancer, in particular postpartum-associated breast cancer. Graphic abstract: Mammary gland organoid isolation and culture procedures.

• Klíčová slova
• 3D organoid, Ex vivo, Involution, Lactation, Mammary gland, Mouse,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The field of mammary gland biology and breast cancer research encompasses a wide range of topics and scientific questions, which span domains of molecular, cell and developmental biology, cancer research, and veterinary and human medicine, with interdisciplinary overlaps to non-biological domains. Accordingly, mammary gland and breast cancer researchers employ a wide range of molecular biology methods, in vitro techniques, in vivo approaches as well as in silico analyses. The list of techniques is ever-expanding; together with the refinement of established, staple techniques in the field, new technologies keep emerging thanks to technological advances and scientific creativity. This issue of the Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia represents a compilation of original articles and reviews focused on methods used in mammary gland biology and breast cancer research.

• Klíčová slova
• Breast, Database, Exosomes, Heterogeneity, Mammary gland, Milk cells, Multiplexing, Organoid,
• MeSH
• biomedicínský výzkum metody   MeSH
• laktace fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mléčné žlázy lidské patologie   fyziologie   MeSH
• mléčné žlázy zvířat patologie   fyziologie   MeSH
• nádory mléčné žlázy u zvířat patologie   MeSH
• nádory prsu patologie   MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• úvodní články MeSH
• úvodníky MeSH