The aim of this review is to systematically review the evidence whether proper nutrition has a positive impact on the prevention or decline of depressive symptoms among elderly people. In addition, possible connections between nutrition, microbiome, and serotonin molecules and its tryptophan precursor are discussed. The methodology follows the PRISMA guidelines, including the PRISMA flow chart. The authors systematically reviewed peer-review, English-written articles published in Web of Science and PubMed between 2013 and 2018. The findings of six original articles, detected on the set inclusion and exclusion criteria, indicate that there is an association between nutrition and depressive symptoms in the target group, i.e., that proper nutrition has a positive impact on the prevention or reduction of depressive symptoms among elderly people. The findings also reveal that there is a considerable correlation between the intakes of vitamin B and a decrease in the prevalence of depressive symptoms. Furthermore, sufficient nutrient intake of tryptophan appears to be an important factor in terms of nutrition and serotonin levels in the body. The authors consider it important to explore associations between the overall dietary intake and depression since diets are not consumed as individual nutrients. Returning to preventive approaches seems to be a rational way to promote the mental health of seniors. Future studies thus need to include interdisciplinary collaboration: from a good diagnosis of the disease by a psychiatrist, through an analysis of the need for nutrient metabolism by a biochemist to the development of a nutritional plan by a nutritional therapist. The limitations of this review consist in a relatively small number of the studies on this topic, including just few randomized controlled trials, which are a guarantee of efficacy and objectivity in comparison with cross-sectional studies.

• Klíčová slova
• depression, elderly, gut-brain axis, microbiome, nutrition, serotonin, tryptophan, vitamin,
• MeSH
• deprese farmakoterapie   etiologie   metabolismus   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• fyziologie výživy seniorů * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nutriční stav fyziologie   MeSH
• nutriční terapie MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• serotonin metabolismus   MeSH
• střevní mikroflóra fyziologie   MeSH
• tryptofan aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• věkové faktory MeSH
• vitamin B komplex aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• systematický přehled MeSH
• Názvy látek
• serotonin MeSH
• tryptofan MeSH
• vitamin B komplex MeSH

AIM: The aim of the present study was to evaluate a single center experience with hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 20 patients treated for hepatocellular carcinoma between 1994 and 2007. RESULTS: Most patients were treated with an HAI of doxorubicin and cisplatin combined with 5-fluorouracil and folinic acid. The response was not evaluable in the majority of patients, predominantly because of associated surgical procedure or because only one cycle of HAI was administered. The median progression-free survival was 7.7 months. The median survival of all patients was 12.2 months (5-year survival 5%). Serious adverse events were observed in 5 patients, and one patient died of liver failure in association with the administration of HAI. CONCLUSION: The data show the limited efficacy of HAI in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

• MeSH
• arteria hepatica MeSH
• cisplatina aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fluoruracil aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• hepatocelulární karcinom farmakoterapie   mortalita   MeSH
• imunosupresiva aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• intraarteriální infuze MeSH
• kombinovaná farmakoterapie MeSH
• leukovorin aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• míra přežití trendy   MeSH
• nádory jater farmakoterapie   mortalita   MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• přežití bez známek nemoci MeSH
• protinádorové látky aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• vitamin B komplex aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH
• Názvy látek
• cisplatina MeSH
• fluoruracil MeSH
• imunosupresiva MeSH
• leukovorin MeSH
• protinádorové látky MeSH
• vitamin B komplex MeSH

Hemoglobin Haná [β63(E7) His-Asn] is an unstable hemoglobin variant that was described in a Czech proband and her sister with Heinz body hemolytic anemia. The mother bearing the same mutation was asymptomatic; nevertheless, all three carriers had the same proportion of the mutant globin chains. Assessment of several erythrocyte antioxidant parameters revealed that both symptomatic children, unlike their asymptomatic mother, had significantly decreased glutathione reductase (GR) activity. Their GR activities were restorable in vitro by flavin adenine dinucleotide. The riboflavin supplementation improved their glutathione metabolism and ameliorated their hemolysis. Pre- and post-treatment assessment of the B(2) vitamers indicated suboptimal pre-treatment vitamin B(2) status in both children. This study provides evidence that partial GR deficiency may alter the clinical manifestation of an unstable hemoglobinopathy.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• flavinadenindinukleotid farmakologie   MeSH
• glutathion metabolismus   MeSH
• glutathionreduktasa genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• Heinzova tělíska * MeSH
• hemoglobinopatie krev   farmakoterapie   genetika   MeSH
• hemoglobiny abnormální genetika   MeSH
• hemolytické anemie * krev   farmakoterapie   genetika   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• missense mutace * MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• riboflavin aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• rodina * MeSH
• substituce aminokyselin MeSH
• vitamin B komplex aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• flavinadenindinukleotid MeSH
• glutathion MeSH
• glutathionreduktasa MeSH
• hemoglobiny abnormální MeSH
• riboflavin MeSH
• vitamin B komplex MeSH

A recently discussed cardiovascular risk factor, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), is known to act as an endogenous inhibitor of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. The aim of this study was to establish 1) the relationship between ADMA and ultrasonographically or biochemically determined endothelial dysfunction in children, and 2) the effect of folate supplementation on these parameters. The study cohort included 32 children with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), 30 with diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM1) and 30 age-matched healthy children as the control group. Furthermore, twenty-eight randomly selected FH and DM1 children were re-examined after 3-months supplementation with folic acid. Baseline levels of ADMA and oxidized low density lipoproteins (oxLDL) were significantly higher in FH group than in DM1 and healthy children. Children in DM1 group had significantly lower concentration of homocysteine, but ADMA levels were normal. Folic acid supplementation significantly lowered homocysteine and hsCRP levels in both FH and DM1 group; however, ADMA and oxLDL concentrations remained unaltered. In conclusion, ADMA and oxLDL appear to be associated with endothelial dysfunction in children with FH. Administration of folic acid did not influence these markers in both FH and DM1 children.

• MeSH
• anticholesteremika aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• arginin analogy a deriváty   krev   MeSH
• azetidiny aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• biologické markery krev   MeSH
• cévní endotel diagnostické zobrazování   účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• diabetes mellitus 1. typu metabolismus   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• ezetimib MeSH
• hyperlipoproteinemie typ II farmakoterapie   epidemiologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• kombinovaná farmakoterapie MeSH
• kyselina listová aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lipoproteiny LDL krev   MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• statiny aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• ultrasonografie MeSH
• vitamin B komplex aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• anticholesteremika MeSH
• arginin MeSH
• azetidiny MeSH
• biologické markery MeSH
• ezetimib MeSH
• kyselina listová MeSH
• lipoproteiny LDL MeSH
• N,N-dimethylarginine MeSH Prohlížeč
• oxidized low density lipoprotein MeSH Prohlížeč
• statiny MeSH
• vitamin B komplex MeSH

Changes of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities in the hypophysis and brain (frontal cortex, hippocampus, medial septum and basal ganglia), and butyrylcholinesterase in plasma and liver following galanthamine (GAL) administration were studied in rats pretreated with L-carnitine (CAR). Following only GAL administration (10 mg/kg, i.m.), both cholinesterases (without clinical symptoms of GAL overdosage) were significantly inhibited. Pretreatment with CAR (3 consecutive days, 250 mg/kg, p.o.) followed by GAL administration showed higher AChE inhibition in comparison with single GAL administration. However, a statistically significant difference was observed for AChE in the hippocampus only. The activity of peripheral cholinesterases was not influenced by CAR pretreatment. Thus, pretreatment with CAR enhanced AChE inhibition in some brain parts of the rat following GAL administration.

• MeSH
• aktivace enzymů účinky léků   MeSH
• butyrylcholinesterasa krev   MeSH
• cholinesterasové inhibitory aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• cholinesterasy metabolismus   MeSH
• galantamin aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• karnitin aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• lékové interakce MeSH
• lineární modely MeSH
• mozek účinky léků   MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• vitamin B komplex aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• butyrylcholinesterasa MeSH
• cholinesterasové inhibitory MeSH
• cholinesterasy MeSH
• galantamin MeSH
• karnitin MeSH
• vitamin B komplex MeSH

Fibrate therapy results in elevation of plasma total homocysteine (tHcy), which is known to induce oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. We aimed to establish whether fibrate-induced elevation of tHcy has also similar consequences and whether they may be prevented by folate co-administration. Eighteen subjects with hypercholesterolemia were included in an open, prospective, cross-over study. We compared intra-individually the effect of fenofibrate on tHcy, oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction surrogates, in monotherapy and when combined with 10 mg of folate. These effects were also compared with fluvastatin monotherapy. Fenofibrate in monotherapy significantly decreased LDL cholesterol, increased the tHcy by 39.5 %, while oxidized LDL (oxLDL), malondialdehyde (MDA), von Willebrand factors (vWf) and thrombomodulin (TMD) remained unchanged. When fibrate was co-administered with folate, the tHcy remained on the initial post-diet level, while both the total and oxLDL as well as MDA, vWf and TMD decreased. In contrast to fenofibrate monotherapy, fluvastatin (80 mg) had a similar effect as combined therapy with fenofibrate and folate, while tHcy remained uninfluenced. In conclusion, fenofibrate decreases the LDL cholesterol, but in contrast to fluvastatin, has no significant antioxidative and endothelium-protective potential, probably due to a concomitant increase of tHcy. These effects may be improved by co-administration of folate.

• MeSH
• cévní endotel účinky léků   patofyziologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fenofibrát aplikace a dávkování   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• fluvastatin MeSH
• HDL-cholesterol krev   účinky léků   MeSH
• homocystein krev   MeSH
• hypercholesterolemie krev   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• hypolipidemika aplikace a dávkování   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• indoly aplikace a dávkování   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• klinické křížové studie MeSH
• kombinovaná farmakoterapie MeSH
• kyselina listová aplikace a dávkování   krev   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• kyseliny mastné mononenasycené aplikace a dávkování   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• LDL-cholesterol krev   účinky léků   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lipoproteiny LDL krev   MeSH
• malondialdehyd krev   MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• triglyceridy krev   MeSH
• trombomodulin krev   MeSH
• vitamin B komplex aplikace a dávkování   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• von Willebrandův faktor analýza   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• fenofibrát MeSH
• fluvastatin MeSH
• HDL-cholesterol MeSH
• homocystein MeSH
• hypolipidemika MeSH
• indoly MeSH
• kyselina listová MeSH
• kyseliny mastné mononenasycené MeSH
• LDL-cholesterol MeSH
• lipoproteiny LDL MeSH
• malondialdehyd MeSH
• oxidized low density lipoprotein MeSH Prohlížeč
• triglyceridy MeSH
• trombomodulin MeSH
• vitamin B komplex MeSH
• von Willebrandův faktor MeSH

BACKGROUND: Vitamin B12, folate and vitamin B6 are the main determinants of homocysteinemia. These B-group vitamins influence two metabolic pathways of homocysteine reduction, which prevail in dependence to methionine intake. Transsulfuration (vitamin B6) dominates under condition of overnutrition with prevalence of animal food sources, remethylation (vitamin B12 and folic acid) is decisive under conditions of malnutrition, alternative nutrition or optimal traditional diet. METHODS AND RESULTS: Plasma homocysteine and folic acid, vitamins B12 and B6 in serum were measured in alternative nutrition groups of adults (vegans, vegetarians (lacto + lactoovo), semivegetarians, n = 39) and compared with those values in group consuming traditional diet--control group, general population (n = 35). In alternative nutrition groups, the average homocysteine level is significantly higher (vegans 17.2 mumol/l, vegetarians 12.9 mumol/l, semivegetarians 10.1 mumol/l, control group 9.9 mumol/l); the frequency of hyperhomocysteinemia (over 15 mumol/l) is 50%, 32%, 14% vs. 6% in control group. Vegetarians and vegans have a significantly higher levels of vitamin B6 and folic acid; the frequency of vitamin B6 deficit is 60% and 57% in control group and semivegetarian group vs. 16% and 0% in vegetarian and vegan group. Folate deficit was found in 16% of traditional group vs. 0% in alternative groups. Serum levels of vitamin B12 are significantly reduced in subjects consuming alternative nutrition with deficiency observed in 67% of vegans, 32% of vegetarians, 14% of semivegetarians vs. 0% in control group. CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin levels in relation to nutritional regime and metabolic pathways of homocysteine show that the mild hyperhomocysteinemia in alternative nutrition is a consequence of vitamin B12 deficiency. In traditionally fed population, higher plasma homocysteine values is caused by folate deficiency. These conclusions are supported by a significantly negative linear correlation of homocysteine--folic acid levels (traditional nutrition) and homocysteine--vitamin B12 levels (alternative nutrition). In case of vitamin B6, a similar correlation was not found.

• MeSH
• dieta vegetariánská MeSH
• dieta * MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• homocystein metabolismus   MeSH
• hyperhomocysteinemie metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• vitamin B komplex aplikace a dávkování   metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• homocystein MeSH
• vitamin B komplex MeSH

• MeSH
• elektrokardiografie MeSH
• hemodynamika účinky léků   MeSH
• injekce intravenózní MeSH
• koronární nemoc farmakoterapie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• srdce účinky léků   MeSH
• srdeční glykosidy terapeutické užití   MeSH
• srdeční selhání komplikace   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• strofantiny antagonisté a inhibitory   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• synergismus léků MeSH
• vitamin B komplex aplikace a dávkování   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• srdeční glykosidy MeSH
• strofantiny MeSH
• vitamin B komplex MeSH