CONTEXT: The decolonial turn in psychology criticizes conventional Western psychotherapeutic frameworks and seeks to decolonize therapeutic practices by considering diverse cultural perspectives. Indigenous healing has been increasingly used in the psychotherapy of ethnic communities, but also in the psychotherapy of Western clients. The research questions of the present study were focused on how Western clients experience the therapies inspired by Indigenous healing. OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to explore the motivations, experiences, and mental health outcomes of participants of therapies inspired by Indigenous healing with a focus on issues related to intercultural transfer of therapeutic practice. DESIGN: Semi-structured qualitative interviews were used to gather narratives from 28 participants. Thematic analysis was used for data analysis. RESULTS: Participants reported the following long-lasting outcomes of Indigenous therapies: increased well-being, calm, satisfaction with life, better emotion regulation, coping with stress, behavioral control, problem solving, decision making as well as a more sensitive and deeper experience of reality. Conventional Western psychotherapy was perceived as conversation-based, while Indigenous therapy was perceived as experience-based and more complex. The integration of experiences from Indigenous therapies was more difficult in the Western sociocultural environment compared to participation in the place of their origin, within the community of Indigenous people. CONCLUSION: Indigenous healing has beneficial outcomes for Western clients, but the integration of these experiences is quite difficult and requires systematic psychotherapeutic support in the Western cultural environment.

• Klíčová slova
• Cultural context, Indigenous healing, Mental health, Psychotherapy,
• MeSH
• adaptace psychologická MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• duševní zdraví MeSH
• kvalitativní výzkum * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• psychoterapie * metody   MeSH
• tradiční lékařství psychologie   metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: Despite generally high agrobiodiversity, the Khasi and Garo indigenous people in Meghalaya have poor nutritional status among children and women. AIM: To assess the dietary diversity of the Khasi and Garo indigenous women of reproductive age in Meghalaya, while examining the associated factors that affect it and to map the diversity of local food plants. METHODS: A dietary survey was conducted through 24-hour recall with 276 women from 28 villages of Meghalaya. The mapping of local food plants was conducted through key informant interviews and focus group discussions in the same villages. RESULTS: The mean minimum dietary diversity for women is 4.22 (SD ±1.26); with one-third (37%) of the women attaining a minimum dietary diversity of five or more food groups in a day. There were significant differences in the dietary diversity among the indigenous groups, the Garo community attaining higher minimum dietary diversity for women. There was also an inverse association between the number of land uses and dietary diversity. The mean number of food plants (including crop varieties) found in each village is 203 (SD±45.7). CONCLUSIONS: There is potential to enhance dietary diversity through diversifying lesser consumed crops such as vitamin A-rich vegetables and fruits, nuts, seeds and green leafy vegetables in existing land holdings. Also, proper management and access to the commons will provide a sustainable resource base for diet and food security, enhance dietary diversity and bridge the hidden hunger among children and women.

• Klíčová slova
• Dietary diversity, Garo women, Khasi women, agrobiodiversity, dietary diversity in Meghalaya, indigenous food, indigenous women,
• MeSH
• dieta * MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ovoce MeSH
• podvýživa * MeSH
• zelenina MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Indie MeSH

Tuber aestivum is the most common European truffle with significant commercial exploitation. Its production originates from natural habitats and from artificially inoculated host tree plantations. Formation of Tuber ectomycorrhizae in host seedling roots is often inefficient. One possible reason is the lack of indigenous associative microbes. Here we aimed at metagenetic characterization and cultivation of indigenous prokaryotes associated with T. aestivum in a field transect cutting through the fungus colony margin. Several operational taxonomic units (OTUs) showed close association with the T. aestivum in the ectomycorrhizae and in the soil, but there was no overlap between the associative prokaryotes in the two different habitats. Among those positively associated with the ectomycorrhizae, we identified several bacterial genera belonging to Pseudonocardineae. Extensive isolation efforts yielded many cultures of ectomycorrhizae-associative bacteria belonging to Rhizobiales and Streptomycineae, but none belonging to the Pseudonocardineae. The specific unculturable Tuber-associated prokaryotes are likely to play important roles in the biology of these ectomycorrhizal fungi, including modulation of competition with other symbiotic and saprotrophic microbes, facilitation of root penetration and/or accessing mineral nutrients in the soil. However, the ultimate proof of this hypothesis will require isolation of the microbes for metabolic studies, using novel cultivation approaches.

• MeSH
• Actinomycetales klasifikace   genetika   MeSH
• Ascomycota fyziologie   MeSH
• kořeny rostlin mikrobiologie   MeSH
• metagenom MeSH
• mykorhiza genetika   MeSH
• půdní mikrobiologie * MeSH
• stanovení celkové genové exprese MeSH
• symbióza MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

In the present work we isolated and identified various indigenous Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains and screened them for the selected oenological properties. These S. cerevisiae strains were isolated from berries and spontaneously fermented musts. The grape berries (Sauvignon blanc and Pinot noir) were grown under the integrated and organic mode of farming in the South Moravia (Czech Republic) wine region. Modern genotyping techniques such as PCR-fingerprinting and interdelta PCR typing were employed to differentiate among indigenous S. cerevisiae strains. This combination of the methods provides a rapid and relatively simple approach for identification of yeast of S. cerevisiae at strain level. In total, 120 isolates were identified and grouped by molecular approaches and 45 of the representative strains were tested for selected important oenological properties including ethanol, sulfur dioxide and osmotic stress tolerance, intensity of flocculation and desirable enzymatic activities. Their ability to produce and utilize acetic/malic acid was examined as well; in addition, H2S production as an undesirable property was screened. The oenological characteristics of indigenous isolates were compared to a commercially available S. cerevisiae BS6 strain, which is commonly used as the starter culture. Finally, some indigenous strains coming from organically treated grape berries were chosen for their promising oenological properties and these strains will be used as the starter culture, because application of a selected indigenous S. cerevisiae strain can enhance the regional character of the wines.

• Klíčová slova
• ITS-PCR-RFLP, Interdelta PCR typing, Oenological properties, Saccharomyces genus, Species-specific primers,
• MeSH
• bakteriální adheze MeSH
• DNA fingerprinting MeSH
• ethanol toxicita   MeSH
• fyziologický stres MeSH
• kyselina octová metabolismus   MeSH
• maláty metabolismus   MeSH
• molekulární typizace MeSH
• mykologické určovací techniky MeSH
• osmotický tlak MeSH
• oxid siřičitý toxicita   MeSH
• polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
• Saccharomyces cerevisiae klasifikace   genetika   izolace a purifikace   fyziologie   MeSH
• sulfan metabolismus   MeSH
• tolerance léku MeSH
• Vitis mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Názvy látek
• ethanol MeSH
• kyselina octová MeSH
• maláty MeSH
• malic acid MeSH Prohlížeč
• oxid siřičitý MeSH
• sulfan MeSH

Indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants is vital to local communities and cultural heritage, particularly in Ethiopia. This study aims to document native medicinal plants in the Jawi district, including associated traditional knowledge. The study involved conducting semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and guided field walks with a purposefully selected 54 traditional healers. The study identified 87 medicinal plant species from 50 families used treat over 50 ailments, with a preference for wild herbs. Fabaceae, Malvaceae, and Solanaceae were the most prominent families, each with five species; Zehneria scabra, was the most often mentioned species, followed by Lepidium sativum, Myrica salicifolia, Carissa spinarum, and Momordica foetida. 43% of identified species were herbs, with 44% of remedies made from roots. Pounding was the most common preparation method, and oral application was the most frequent use, followed by dermal application. 60% plants treated human ailments, 16% treated livestock, and 24% were used for both. Preference rankings indicated specific plants favored for certain ailments. The study highlights key plant families and species crucial for local healthcare but notes threats like habitat destruction and knowledge loss. Urgent conservation actions are needed to preserve medicinal plants and inform future research and strategies.

• Klíčová slova
• Ailments, Indigenous, Medicinal plant, Mode of application, Traditional healers,
• MeSH
• etnobotanika metody   MeSH
• fytoterapie metody   MeSH
• léčivé rostliny * klasifikace   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• tradiční africká medicína * metody   MeSH
• zachování přírodních zdrojů * metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Etiopie MeSH

Because of its high toxicity and mobility, hexavalent chromium is considered to be a high priority pollutant. This study was performed to carry out a pilot-scale in-situ remediation test in the saturated zone of a historically Cr(VI)-contaminated site using commercially available nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI). The site was monitored before and after the nZVI application by means of microbial cultivation tests, phospholipid fatty acid analysis (PLFA) and toxicological tests with Vibrio fischeri. Injection of nZVI resulted in a rapid decrease in the Cr(VI) and total Cr concentrations in the groundwater without any substantial effect on its chemical properties. The ecotoxicological test with V. fischeri did not indicate any negative changes in the toxicity of the groundwater following the application of nZVI and no significant changes were observed in cultivable psychrophilic bacteria densities and PLFA concentrations in the groundwater samples during the course of the remediation test. However, PLFA of soil samples revealed that the application of nZVI significantly stimulated the growth of Gram-positive bacteria. Principle component analysis (PCA) was applied to the PLFA results for the soil samples from the site in order to explain how Cr(VI) reduction and the presence of Fe influence the indigenous populations. The PCA results clearly indicated a negative correlation between the Cr concentrations and the biota before the application of nZVI and a significant positive correlation between bacteria and the concentration of Fe after the application of nZVI.

• Klíčová slova
• Hexavalent chromium, Indigenous microorganisms, PLFA, Phospholipids fatty acid analysis, Toxicity, nZVI,
• MeSH
• Bacteria účinky léků   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• chrom analýza   chemie   MeSH
• kovové nanočástice chemie   toxicita   MeSH
• látky znečišťující půdu analýza   chemie   toxicita   MeSH
• půda chemie   MeSH
• půdní mikrobiologie * MeSH
• regenerace a remediace životního prostředí metody   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• chrom MeSH
• chromium hexavalent ion MeSH Prohlížeč
• látky znečišťující půdu MeSH
• půda MeSH

Indigenous and local peoples' (ILPs) role in cataloging life on Earth has been significant but underappreciated. ILPs knowledge faces growing cultural and biological threats. Greater participation by ILPs in research would make science more efficient, conservation more sustainable, and traditional knowledge stronger, but formidable obstacles remain.

• Klíčová slova
• biodiversity discovery, conservation, equitable science, interdisciplinary research, traditional knowledge,
• MeSH
• biodiverzita * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• zachování přírodních zdrojů * MeSH
• znalosti MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

In the present study, myocardial infarction was induced experimentally in rats by isoprenaline injection. Circulating GOT, LDH, CPK, cAMP, Cortisol, pyruvate, lactate glucose and cardiac cAMP adenyl cyclase levels were gradually increased and serum and cardiac cAMP-PDE levels were gradually decreased from 1 hour to 120 hours after the first injection of isoprenaline. In the rats pretreated with ciplar (beta blocker) or Pushkarmula (indigenous drug) these changes were less when compared to untreated infarcted rats. Similar type of results were also observed in the infarcted rats post treated with Pushkarmula. The pretreatment with Pushkarmula was found to be more effective than post treatment which gives a preventive and curative bearing of the drug in myocardial infarction.

• MeSH
• ájurvéda MeSH
• infarkt myokardu chemicky indukované   farmakoterapie   MeSH
• Inula MeSH
• inulin terapeutické užití   MeSH
• isoprenalin MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• rostlinné extrakty terapeutické užití   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• inulin MeSH
• isoprenalin MeSH
• rostlinné extrakty MeSH

Eight native isolates of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin were obtained by monitoring soils cultivated in a conventional manner. These isolates were compared in three areas: (a) conidial germination, (b) radial growth and sporulation and (c) ability of conidia to infect Tenebrio molitor larvae. All bioassays were carried out at constant temperatures of 10, 15, and 20 °C. Conidia of individual isolates demonstrated differences in germination after a 24-h long incubation at all evaluated temperatures. At 20 °C, the germination ranged from 67 to 100 % and at 15 °C from 5.33 to 46.67 %. At 10 °C, no germination was observed after 24 h; nevertheless, it was 8.67-44.67 % after 48 h. In terms of radial growth, the culture diameters and the associated production of spores of all isolates increased with increasing temperature. At 10 °C, sporulation was observed in three isolates while all remaining cultures appeared sterile. Three weeks post-inoculation, conidia of all assessed isolates caused 100 % cumulative mortality of treated larvae of T. molitor at 15 and 20 °C with the exception of isolate 110108 that induced 81.33 % mortality at 15 °C. At 10 °C, larval cumulative mortality ranged from 6.67 to 85.33 % depending on the isolate. Isolates 110108 and 110111 showed significantly slower outset and a much lower rate of infection at all temperatures compared to other tested isolates of M. anisopliae. The bioassays were carried out with the purpose to sort and select indigenous isolates of M. anisopliae useful as biocontrol agents in their original habitat.

• MeSH
• biologická kontrola škůdců metody   MeSH
• larva růst a vývoj   MeSH
• Metarhizium růst a vývoj   MeSH
• půdní mikrobiologie * MeSH
• Tenebrio růst a vývoj   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

Three indigenous plasmids designated pRK1, pRK2 and pRK3 were identified among producers of penicillin G acylase (PGA) derived from the strain Escherichia coli W ATCC 9637. Their size and copy number (CN) in E. coli W were determined (kb; CN): pRK1 (80; 3.4), pRK2 (5.1; 71), and pRK3 (4.8; 13.7). Strain E. coli RE2 harboring these plasmids was used for selection of strains with reduced number of plasmids: the strain RE3 without plasmid pRK1 and the plasmid-less strain cERE3 were isolated. Indigenous plasmids did not code for the resistance determinants against 23 antibiotics and 10 heavy metals.

• MeSH
• antibiotická rezistence MeSH
• Escherichia coli enzymologie   genetika   MeSH
• fenotyp MeSH
• mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
• penicilinamidasa biosyntéza   genetika   MeSH
• plazmidy genetika   MeSH
• průmyslová mikrobiologie MeSH
• rekombinantní proteiny biosyntéza   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• penicilinamidasa MeSH
• rekombinantní proteiny MeSH