BACKGROUND: Saline irrigation improved the safety of radiofrequency (RF) ablation, but the thermal feedback for energy titration is absent. OBJECTIVES: To allow temperature-controlled irrigated ablation, a novel irrigated RF catheter was designed with a diamond-embedded tip (for rapid cooling) and 6 surface thermocouples to reflect tissue temperature. High-resolution electrograms (EGMs) from the split-tip electrode allowed rapid lesion assessment. The authors evaluated the preclinical and clinical performance of this catheter for pulmonary vein (PV) isolation. METHODS: Using the DiamondTemp (DT) catheter, pigs (n = 6) underwent discrete atrial ablation in a temperature control mode (60°C/50 W) until there was ∼80% EGM amplitude reduction. In a single-center clinical feasibility study, 35 patients underwent PV isolation with the DT catheter (study group); patients were planned for PV remapping after 3 months, regardless of symptomatology. A control group included 35 patients who underwent PV isolation with a standard force-sensing catheter. RESULTS: Porcine lesion histology revealed transmurality in 51 of 55 lesions (92.7%). In patients, all PVs were successfully isolated; no char or thrombus formation was observed. Compared with the control group, the study cohort had shorter mean RF application duration (26.3 ± 5.2 min vs. 89.2 ± 27.2 min; p < 0.001), shorter mean fluoroscopic time (11.2 ± 8.5 min vs. 19.5 ± 6.8 min; p < 0.001), and lower acute dormant PV reconduction (0 of 35 vs. 5 of 35; p = 0.024). At 3 months, 23 patients underwent remapping: 39 of 46 PV pairs (84.8%) remained durably isolated in 17 of these patients (73.9%). CONCLUSIONS: This first-in-human series demonstrated that temperature-controlled irrigated ablation produced rapid, efficient, and durable PV isolation. (ACT DiamondTemp Temperature-Controlled and Contact Sensing RF Ablation Clinical Trial for Atrial Fibrillation [TRAC-AF]; NCT02821351).

• Klíčová slova
• catheter ablation, electrogram, first-in-human, histology, remapping,
• MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• design vybavení MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• elektrokardiografie MeSH
• fibrilace síní patofyziologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• katetrizační ablace přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• prasata MeSH
• převodní systém srdeční patofyziologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• teplota MeSH
• venae pulmonales chirurgie   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• klinické zkoušky MeSH

The first part of the paper contains a short review of the image processing in early vision is static, when the eyes and the stimulus are stable, and in dynamics, when the eyes participate in fixation eye movements. In the second part, we give an interpretation of Donders' and Listing's law in terms of the Hopf fibration of the 3-sphere over the 2-sphere. In particular, it is shown that the configuration space of the eye ball (when the head is fixed) is the 2-dimensional hemisphere SL+, called Listing hemisphere, and saccades are described as geodesic segments of SL+ with respect to the standard round metric. We study fixation eye movements (drift and microsaccades) in terms of this model and discuss the role of fixation eye movements in vision. A model of fixation eye movements is proposed that gives an explanation of presaccadic shift of receptive fields.

• Klíčová slova
• Donders’ and Listing’s law, Hopf bundle, drift, fixation eyes movements, microsaccades, neurogeometry, quaternions, remapping, shift of receptive fields,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

AIMS: Pulsed field ablation (PFA) has significant advantages over conventional thermal ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF). This first-in-human, single-arm trial to treat paroxysmal AF (PAF) assessed the efficiency, safety, pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) durability and one-year clinical effectiveness of an 8 Fr, large-lattice, conformable single-shot PFA catheter together with a dedicated electroanatomical mapping system. METHODS AND RESULTS: After rendering the PV anatomy, the PFA catheter delivered monopolar, biphasic pulse trains (5-6 s per application; ∼4 applications per PV). Three waveforms were tested: PULSE1, PULSE2, and PULSE3. Follow-up included ECGs, Holters at 6 and 12 months, and symptomatic and scheduled transtelephonic monitoring. The primary and secondary efficacy endpoints were acute PVI and post-blanking atrial arrhythmia recurrence, respectively. Invasive remapping was conducted ∼75 days post-ablation. At three centres, PVI was performed by five operators in 85 patients using PULSE1 (n = 30), PULSE2 (n = 20), and PULSE3 (n = 35). Acute PVI was achieved in 100% of PVs using 3.9 ± 1.4 PFA applications per PV. Overall procedure, transpired ablation, PFA catheter dwell and fluoroscopy times were 56.5 ± 21.6, 10.0 ± 6.0, 19.1 ± 9.3, and 5.7 ± 3.9 min, respectively. No pre-defined primary safety events occurred. Upon remapping, PVI durability was 90% and 99% on a per-vein basis for the total and PULSE3 cohort, respectively. The Kaplan-Meier estimate of one-year freedom from atrial arrhythmias was 81.8% (95% CI 70.2-89.2%) for the total, and 100% (95% CI 80.6-100%) for the PULSE3 cohort. CONCLUSION: Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) utilizing a conformable single-shot PFA catheter to treat PAF was efficient, safe, and effective, with durable lesions demonstrated upon remapping.

• Klíčová slova
• Atrial fibrillation, Catheter ablation, Electroanatomical mapping system, Lesion durability, Pulsed field ablation, Single-shot,
• MeSH
• akční potenciály MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• design vybavení MeSH
• elektrofyziologické techniky kardiologické MeSH
• fibrilace síní * chirurgie   patofyziologie   diagnóza   MeSH
• katetrizační ablace * metody   přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• recidiva * MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• srdeční frekvence MeSH
• srdeční katétry * MeSH
• venae pulmonales * chirurgie   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• klinické zkoušky MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

BACKGROUND: Because of its safety, "single-shot" pulsed field ablation (PFA) catheters have been developed for pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). However, most atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation procedures are performed with focal catheters to permit flexibility of lesion sets beyond PVI. OBJECTIVES: This study sought to determine the safety and efficacy of a focal ablation catheter able to toggle between radiofrequency ablation (RFA) or PFA to treat paroxysmal or persistent AF. METHODS: In a first-in-human study, a focal 9-mm lattice tip catheter was used for PFA posteriorly and either irrigated RFA (RF/PF) or PFA (PF/PF) anteriorly. Protocol-driven remapping was at ∼3 months postablation. The remapping data prompted PFA waveform evolution: PULSE1 (n = 76), PULSE2 (n = 47), and the optimized PULSE3 (n = 55). RESULTS: The study included 178 patients (paroxysmal/persistent AF = 70/108). Linear lesions, either PFA or RFA, included 78 mitral, 121 cavotricuspid isthmus, and 130 left atrial roof lines. All lesion sets (100%) were acutely successful. Invasive remapping of 122 patients revealed improvement of PVI durability with waveform evolution: PULSE1: 51%; PULSE2: 87%; and PULSE3: 97%. After 348 ± 652 days of follow-up, the 1-year Kaplan-Meier estimates for freedom from atrial arrhythmias were 78.3% ± 5.0% and 77.9% ± 4.1% for paroxysmal and persistent AF, respectively, and 84.8% ± 4.9% for the subset of persistent AF patients receiving the PULSE3 waveform. There was 1 primary adverse event-inflammatory pericardial effusion not requiring intervention. CONCLUSIONS: AF ablation with a focal RF/PF catheter allows efficient procedures, chronic lesion durability, and good freedom from atrial arrhythmias-for both paroxysmal and persistent AF. (Safety and Performance Assessment of the Sphere-9 Catheter and the Affera Mapping and RF/PF Ablation System to Treat Atrial Fibrillation; NCT04141007 and NCT04194307).

• Klíčová slova
• atrial fibrillation, catheter ablation, cavotricuspid isthmus, lattice tip, lesion durability, mitral isthmus, pulmonary vein isolation, pulsed field ablation, roof line, temperature controlled,
• MeSH
• ablace * MeSH
• fibrilace síní * chirurgie   MeSH
• katetrizační ablace * škodlivé účinky   metody   MeSH
• katétry MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• venae pulmonales * chirurgie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

BACKGROUND: Preclinical studies have revealed that pulsed field ablation (PFA) lesion dimensions increase with repetitive applications at a similar electric field. OBJECTIVES: This study investigated whether pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) durability varies with single vs repetitive pulsed field (PF) applications. METHODS: Atrial fibrillation patients underwent PVI using a spherical multielectrode array PFA catheter delivered with a 19-F deflectable sheath under intracardiac echocardiographic guidance. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy and brain magnetic resonance imaging were performed within 1 to 3 days, and invasive remapping at ∼2 to 3 months. RESULTS: The patient cohort (n = 21; age 63 ± 11 years; 67% women) underwent PVI in either of 2 groups: group 1 (n = 11)-single PF application/PV; and group 2 (n = 10)-3 PF applications/PV. In both groups, PVI was acutely successful in all (100%) patients. Despite significantly longer pulse delivery times (75.2 ± 7.4 s/patient vs 24.5 ± 5.5 s/patient) the procedure times (73.2 ± 13.7 minutes vs 93.7 ± 18.5 minutes) were shorter with group 2 vs group 1. There was no stroke/transient ischemic attack, pericardial effusion, phrenic nerve injury, or esophageal complications. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy was normal in both groups of patients (n = 9). Screening brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed asymptomatic cerebral lesions (diffusion weighted imaging+/fluid attenuated inversion recovery-) in 3 of 16 (18.7%) patients. PV remapping revealed durable PVI in 62.5% PVs in group 1 (n = 10), compared with all 100% PVs in group 2 (n = 9); this translates to all PVs being durably isolated in 30% vs 100% (P < 0.05) of patients in groups 1 and 2, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In his first-in-human trial, the "single-shot" spherical array PFA catheter was shown to safely isolate PVs. Repetitive PF application is key for lesion consolidation to maximize PVI durability.

• Klíčová slova
• atrial fibrillation, catheter ablation, pulmonary vein isolation, pulse field ablation,
• MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• katetrizační ablace * metody   MeSH
• katétry MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• srdeční frekvence MeSH
• venae pulmonales * chirurgie   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

AIMS: Validating mapping systems that identify atrial fibrillation (AF) sources (focal/rotational activity) is confounded by the absence of ground truth. A key concern of prior mapping technologies is spatiotemporal instability, manifesting as poor map reproducibility. Electrographic flow (EGF) employs a novel algorithm that visualizes atrial electrical wavefront propagation to identify putative AF sources. We analysed both intra- (3 min) and inter- (>3 months) procedure EGF map reproducibility. METHODS AND RESULTS: In 23 persistent AF patients, after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI), EGF maps were generated from 3 serial 1 min recordings using a 64-electrode basket mapping catheter (triplets) at right and left atrial locations. Source prevalence from map triplets was compared between recordings. Per protocol, 12 patients returned for 3-month remapping (1 non-inducible): index procedure post-PVI EGF maps were compared with initial EGF remapping at 3-month redo. Intra-procedure reproducibility: analysing 224 map triplets (111 right atrium, 113 left atrium) revealed a high degree of map consistency with minimal min-to-min shifts: 97 triplets (43%), exact match of leading sources on all 3 maps; 95 triplets (42%), leading source within 1 electrode space on 2 of 3 maps; and 32 triplets (14%), chaotic leading source pattern. Average deviation in source prevalence over 60 s was low (6.4%). Inter-procedure reproducibility: spatiotemporal stability of EGF mapping >3 months was seen in 16 of 18 (89%) sources mapped in 12 patients with (re)inducible AF. CONCLUSION: Electrographic flow mapping generates reproducible intra- and inter-procedural maps, providing rationale for randomized clinical trials targeting these putative AF sources.

• Klíčová slova
• Basket catheter, Electrographic flow mapping, Panoramic mapping, Persistent atrial fibrillation,
• MeSH
• epidermální růstový faktor MeSH
• fibrilace síní * diagnóza   chirurgie   MeSH
• katetrizační ablace * metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• srdeční síně MeSH
• venae pulmonales * chirurgie   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• epidermální růstový faktor MeSH

BACKGROUND: Unlike for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF), pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) alone is considered insufficient for many patients with persistent AF. Adjunctive ablation of the left atrial posterior wall (LAPW) may improve outcomes, but is limited by both the difficulty of achieving lesion durability and concerns of damage to the esophagus-situated behind the LAPW. OBJECTIVES: This study sought to assess the safety and lesion durability of pulsed field ablation (PFA) for both PVI and LAPW ablation in persistent AF. METHODS: PersAFOne is a single-arm study evaluating biphasic, bipolar PFA using a multispline catheter for PVI and LAPW ablation under intracardiac echocardiographic guidance. A focal PFA catheter was used for cavotricuspid isthmus ablation. No esophageal protection strategy was used. Invasive remapping was mandated at 2 to 3 months to assess lesion durability. RESULTS: In 25 patients, acute PVI (96 of 96 pulmonary veins [PVs]; mean ablation time: 22 min; interquartile range [IQR]: 15 to 29 min) and LAPW ablation (24 of 24 patients; median ablation time: 10 min; IQR: 6 to 13 min) were 100% acutely successful with the multispline PFA catheter alone. Using the focal PFA catheter, acute cavotricuspid isthmus block was achieved in 13 of 13 patients (median: 9 min; IQR: 6 to 12 min). The median total procedure time was 125 min (IQR: 108 to 166 min) (including a median of 28 min [IQR: 25 to 33 min] for voltage mapping), with a median of 16 min (IQR: 12 to 23 min) fluoroscopy. Post-procedure esophagogastroduodenoscopy and repeat cardiac computed tomography revealed no mucosal lesions or PV narrowing, respectively. Invasive remapping demonstrated durable isolation (defined by entrance block) in 82 of 85 PVs (96%) and 21 of 21 LAPWs (100%) treated with the pentaspline catheter. In 3 patients, there was localized scar regression of the LAPW ablation, albeit without conduction breakthrough. CONCLUSIONS: The unique safety profile of PFA potentiated efficient, safe, and durable PVI and LAPW ablation. This extends the potential role of PFA beyond paroxysmal to persistent forms of AF. (Pulsed Fields for Persistent Atrial Fibrillation [PersAFOne]; NCT04170621).

• Klíčová slova
• catheter ablation, esophagus, persistent atrial fibrillation, posterior wall, pulmonary vein isolation, pulsed field ablation,
• MeSH
• elektrokardiografie metody   MeSH
• fibrilace síní diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• katetrizační ablace přístrojové vybavení   metody   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• srdeční katetrizace přístrojové vybavení   metody   MeSH
• venae pulmonales diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• klinické zkoušky MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to evaluate lesion durability on invasive electrophysiologic remapping. BACKGROUND: The lattice-tip catheter generates a large thermal footprint during temperature-controlled irrigated radiofrequency ablation. In a first-in-human study, this catheter performed rapid point-by-point pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) and other linear atrial ablations. METHODS: In a prospective 3-center single-arm study, paroxysmal or persistent atrial fibrillation patients underwent PVI and, as needed, linear ablation at the cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI), mitral isthmus (MI), and/or left atrial roof; no other atrial substrate was ablated. Using the lattice catheter and a custom electroanatomic mapping system, temperature-controlled (Tmax 73° to 80°C; 2 to 7 s) point-by-point ablation was performed. Patients were followed for 12 months. RESULTS: A total of 65 patients (61.5% paroxysmal/38.5% persistent) underwent ablation: PVI in 65, MI in 22, left atrial roof in 24, and CTI in 48 patients. At a median of 108 days after the index procedure, protocol-mandated remapping was performed in 27 patients. The pulmonary veins (PVs) remained durably isolated in all but 1 reconnected PV-translating to durable isolation in 99.1% of PVs, or 96.3% of patients with all PVs isolated. Of 47 linear atrial lesions initially placed during the index procedure, durability was observed in 10 of 11 (90.9%) MI lines, all 11 (100%) roof lines, and all 25 (100%) CTI lines. After a median follow-up of 270 days, the 12-month Kaplan-Meier estimate for freedom from atrial arrhythmias was 94.4 ± 3.2%. CONCLUSIONS: Temperature-controlled lattice-tip point-by-point ablation showed not only highly durable PVI lesion sets, but also durable contiguity of linear atrial lesions.

• Klíčová slova
• atrial fibrillation, catheter ablation, cavotricuspid isthmus, lattice-tip, lesion durability, mitral isthmus, pulmonary vein isolation, roof line, temperature-controlled,
• MeSH
• katetrizační ablace * MeSH
• katétry MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• teplota MeSH
• venae pulmonales * chirurgie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

BACKGROUND: During pulsed field ablation (PFA), electrode-tissue proximity optimizes lesion quality. A novel "single-shot" map-and-ablate spherical multielectrode PFA array catheter that is able to verify electrode-tissue contact was recently studied in a first-in-human trial of atrial fibrillation (AF). OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to report lesion durability data, safety, and 12-month effectiveness outcomes. METHODS: The spherical PFA catheter, an all-in-one mapping and ablation system, was used to render anatomy and to deliver biphasic pulses (ungated 1.7 kV pulses; ∼40 seconds/application). Ablation sites included pulmonary veins (PVs) and, in selected patients, posterior wall and mitral isthmus. Follow-up was invasive remapping at ∼3 months, electrocardiograms, Holter monitoring at 6 and 12 months, and symptomatic and scheduled transtelephonic monitoring. The primary and secondary efficacy end points were acute PV isolation (PVI), PVI durability, and atrial arrhythmia recurrence. RESULTS: In the 48-patient AF cohort (paroxysmal, 48%; persistent, 52%), lesion sets included PVI (n = 48; 1.2 applications/PV), posterior wall (n = 20; 3.6 applications/posterior wall), and mitral isthmus (n = 11; 2.9 applications/mitral isthmus). Lesions were acutely successful for all 187 of 187 PVs (100%), 20 of 20 posterior walls (100%), and 10 of 11 mitral isthmuses (91%). Pulse delivery time, left atrial catheter dwell time, and procedure time were 61.5 ± 32.8 seconds, 53.9 ± 26.5 minutes, and 87.8 ± 29.8 minutes, respectively. Remapping (43/48 patients [89.5%]) revealed that 158 of 169 PVs (93.5%) were durably isolated. The only complication was a drug-responsive pericarditis. The 1-year Kaplan-Meier estimates of freedom from atrial arrhythmia were 84.2% (paroxysmal AF) and 80.0% (persistent AF). CONCLUSION: The single-shot spherical array PFA catheter can safely achieve durable lesions, translating into good clinical efficacy.

• Klíčová slova
• Atrial fibrillation, Catheter ablation, Pulmonary vein isolation, Pulsed field ablation, Spherical array catheter,
• MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• design vybavení MeSH
• elektrokardiografie ambulantní metody   MeSH
• fibrilace síní * chirurgie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• katetrizační ablace * metody   přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• převodní systém srdeční patofyziologie   MeSH
• recidiva MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• venae pulmonales * chirurgie   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• klinické zkoušky MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

OBJECTIVES: This study sought to determine whether durable pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) using pulsed field ablation (PFA) translates to freedom from atrial fibrillation recurrence without an increase in adverse events. BACKGROUND: PFA is a nonthermal ablative modality that, in preclinical studies, is able to preferentially ablate myocardial tissue with minimal effect on surrounding tissues. Herein, we present 1-year clinical outcomes of PFA. METHODS: In 3 multicenter studies (IMPULSE [A Safety and Feasibility Study of the IOWA Approach Endocardial Ablation System to Treat Atrial Fibrillation], PEFCAT [A Safety and Feasibility Study of the FARAPULSE Endocardial Ablation System to Treat Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation], and PEFCAT II [Expanded Safety and Feasibility Study of the FARAPULSE Endocardial Multi Ablation System to Treat Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation]), paroxysmal atrial fibrillation patients underwent PVI using a basket or flower PFA catheter. Invasive remapping was performed at ∼2 to 3 months, and reconnected PVs were reisolated with PFA or radiofrequency ablation. After a 90-day blanking period, arrhythmia recurrence was assessed over 1-year follow-up. RESULTS: In 121 patients, acute PVI was achieved in 100% of PVs with PFA alone. PV remapping, performed in 110 patients at 93.0 ± 30.1 days, demonstrated durable PVI in 84.8% of PVs (64.5% of patients), and 96.0% of PVs (84.1% of patients) treated with the optimized biphasic energy PFA waveform. Primary adverse events occurred in 2.5% of patients (2 pericardial effusions or tamponade, 1 hematoma); in addition, there was 1 transient ischemic attack. The 1-year Kaplan-Meier estimates for freedom from any atrial arrhythmia for the entire cohort and for the optimized biphasic energy PFA waveform cohort were 78.5 ± 3.8% and 84.5 ± 5.4%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: PVI with a "single-shot" PFA catheter results in excellent PVI durability and acceptable safety with a low 1-year rate of atrial arrhythmia recurrence. These data mitigate concern that the nonthermal ablative mechanism of PFA might mask undiscovered compromises to clinical success. (IMPULSE: A Safety and Feasibility Study of the IOWA Approach Endocardial Ablation System to Treat Atrial Fibrillation, NCT03700385; A Safety and Feasibility Study of the FARAPULSE Endocardial Ablation System to Treat Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation, NCT03714178; PEFCAT II Expanded Safety and Feasibility Study of the FARAPULSE Endocardial Multi Ablation System to Treat Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation [PEFCAT II], NCT04170608).

• Klíčová slova
• atrial fibrillation, catheter ablation, electroporation, pulmonary vein isolation, pulsed field ablation,
• MeSH
• fibrilace síní * chirurgie   MeSH
• katetrizační ablace * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• recidiva MeSH
• studie proveditelnosti MeSH
• venae pulmonales * chirurgie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• klinické zkoušky MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH