Effective and efficient assessments of the site conditions are required for the sustainable management of landfills. In this study we propose an evaluation method to determine the degree of environmental contamination by the contest of heavy metals (HM) concentrations in soil and plants (Tanacetum vulgare L., Carduus L., Plantago major L.). We compared HM concentrations in the soil, leaves, stem and roots of those native plants. Content of HM in samples was at the same level in all localities, except content of Zn. These values confirm that the area is not naturally burdened by increased HM content in the soil, and also that the deposited municipal waste or the material used for reclamation and composting does not contain risk elements. The content of selected HM was monitored in plants naturally occurring in the area of interest. We can state that the content of individual HM was in the plant biomass at the same level. The measured values confirmed that the largest number of HM was in roots, then in stem and the least in leaves. In addition, specific indexes were determined: BAC, TF, CF, PLI and Igeo. The BAC values confirmed that the individual plants had the ability to accumulate Pb and Cd (BAC> 2) but were limited to bind Mn and Zn (BAC <1). TF values confirmed that plants had a different ability to transport HM from roots to aboveground biomass. Potential soil contamination was detected using CF, PLI and Igeo indexes but contamination by HM was not confirmed.

• Klíčová slova
• Carduus L., Heavy metals, Landfill, Plantago major L, Risk assessment, Tanacetum vulgare L.,
• MeSH
• hodnocení rizik MeSH
• látky znečišťující půdu analýza   farmakokinetika   MeSH
• monitorování životního prostředí MeSH
• odpadky - odstraňování * MeSH
• rostliny metabolismus   MeSH
• skládková zařízení MeSH
• těžké kovy analýza   farmakokinetika   MeSH
• znečištění životního prostředí * MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• látky znečišťující půdu MeSH
• těžké kovy MeSH

Timber volume is an important asset, not only as an ecological component, but also as a key source of present and future revenues, which requires precise estimates. We used the Trimble TX8 survey-grade terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) to create a detailed 3D point cloud for extracting total tree height and diameter at breast height (1.3 m; DBH). We compared two different methods to accurately estimate total tree heights: the first method was based on a modified version of the local maxima algorithm for treetop detection, "HTTD", and for the second method we used the centers of stem cross-sections at stump height (30 cm), "HTSP". DBH was estimated by a computationally robust algebraic circle-fitting algorithm through hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). This study aimed to assess the accuracy of these descriptors for evaluating total stem volume by comparing the results with the reference tree measurements. The difference between the estimated total stem volume from HTTD and measured stems was 2.732 m3 for European oak and 2.971 m3 for Norway spruce; differences between the estimated volume from HTSP and measured stems was 1.228 m3 and 2.006 m3 for European oak and Norway spruce, respectively. The coefficient of determination indicated a strong relationship between the measured and estimated total stem volumes from both height estimation methods with an R2 = 0.89 for HTTD and R2 = 0.87 for HTSP for European oak, and R2 = 0.98 for both HTTD and HTSP for Norway spruce. Our study has demonstrated the feasibility of finer-resolution remote sensing data for semi-automatic stem volumetric modeling of small-scale studies with high accuracy as a potential advancement in precision forestry.

• Klíčová slova
• 3D point cloud, circle fitting, forest biometrics, hierarchical cluster analysis, managed forest, modeling stem volume, stem-level assessment,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The release of proangiogenic cytokines into the circulation after stem cell (SC) therapy and compensatory increase of angiogenesis inhibitors may reflect local vasculogenesis but also can increase the risk of side effects. The aim of our study was to evaluate serum levels of angiogenic cytokines with regard to the assessment of local and systemic vasculogenesis in diabetic patients with no-option critical limb ischemia (NO-CLI). Twenty-five diabetic patients with NO-CLI treated with SCs isolated from bone marrow or stimulated peripheral blood were included in the study. Serum levels of proangiogenic cytokines (VEGF, bFGF, Ang-1, PDGF-AA, and PDGF-BB) and an antiangiogenic cytokine (endostatin) were assessed 6 months after cell treatment, compared to baseline values, and correlated with the number of injected CD34(+) cells. The clinical effect of SC therapy (assessed by changes in TcPO2) and potential systemic vasculogenesis (assessed by eye fundus examination) were evaluated after 6 months. Serum levels of angiogenic inhibitor endostatin increased significantly after 1 and 3 months (p = 0.0003), but no significant increase in serum levels of proangiogenic cytokines was observed. A significant correlation between number of injected CD34(+) cells and serum levels of endostatin was observed (r = 0.41, p < 0.05); however, proangiogenic cytokines did not correlate with CD34(+) cells. No correlation between increase in TcPO2 after treatment and serum levels of any of the angiogenic cytokines were seen, and no signs of systemic vasculogenesis in the retina were observed after 6 months. Despite the significant increase in the levels of the angiogenic inhibitor endostatin following SC treatment, there was no risk of systemic vasculogenesis after SC therapy as documented by serum levels of proangiogenic cytokines or changes in the retina.

• MeSH
• antigeny CD34 metabolismus   MeSH
• autologní transplantace MeSH
• cytokiny krev   MeSH
• diabetes mellitus krev   terapie   MeSH
• endostatiny krev   MeSH
• fyziologická neovaskularizace * MeSH
• ischemie krev   komplikace   terapie   MeSH
• kyslík metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• parciální tlak MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• transplantace kmenových buněk * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antigeny CD34 MeSH
• cytokiny MeSH
• endostatiny MeSH
• kyslík MeSH

Three levels of sensorimotor control within the central nervous system (CNS) can be distinguished. During the neonatal stage, general movements and primitive reflexes are controlled at the spinal and brain stem levels. Analysis of the newborn's spontaneous general movements and the assessment of primitive reflexes is crucial in the screening and early recognition of a risk for abnormal development. Following the newborn period, the subcortical level of the CNS motor control emerges and matures mainly during the first year of life. This allows for basic trunk stabilization, a prerequisite for any phasic movement and for the locomotor function of the extremities. At the subcortical level, orofacial muscles and afferent information are automatically integrated within postural-locomotor patterns. Finally, the cortical (the highest) level of motor control increasingly becomes activated. Cortical control is important for the individual qualities and characteristics of movement. It also allows for isolated segmental movement and relaxation. A child with impaired cortical motor control may be diagnosed with developmental dyspraxia or developmental coordination disorder. Human ontogenetic models, i.e., developmental motor patterns, can be used in both the diagnosis and treatment of locomotor system dysfunction.

• Klíčová slova
• Developmental dyspraxia, Developmental kinesiology, Dynamic neuromuscular stabilization, General movements, Postural stabilization, Primitive reflexes, Sensorimotor control,
• MeSH
• apraxie diagnóza   MeSH
• kineziologie aplikovaná * MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• muskuloskeletální vývoj fyziologie   MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• novorozenecký screening metody   MeSH
• pohyb fyziologie   MeSH
• postura těla fyziologie   MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• senzorická zpětná vazba fyziologie   MeSH
• vývoj dítěte fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate (EHMC), used in many categories of personal care products (PCPs), is one of the most discussed ultraviolet filters because of its endocrine-disrupting effects. EHMC is unstable in sunlight and can be transformed from trans-EHMC to emergent cis-EHMC. Toxicological studies are focusing only on trans-EHMC; thus the toxicological data for cis-EHMC are missing. In this study, the in vitro genotoxic effects of trans- and cis-EHMC on adult human liver stem cells HL1-hT1 and human-derived lymphoblastoid cells TK-6 using a high-throughput comet assay were studied. TK-6 cells treated with cis-EHMC showed a high level of DNA damage when compared to untreated cells in concentrations 1.56 to 25μgmL-1. trans-EHMC showed genotoxicity after exposure to the two highest concentrations 12.5 and 25μgmL-1. The increase in DNA damage on HL1-hT1 cells induced by cis-EHMC and trans-EHMC was detected at the concentration 25μgmL-1. The No observed adverse effect level (NOAEL, mg kg-1bwday-1) was determined using a Quantitative in vitro to in vivo extrapolation (QIVIVE) approach: NOAELtrans-EHMC=3.07, NOAELcis-EHMC=0.30 for TK-6 and NOAELtrans-EHMC=26.46, NOAELcis-EHMC=20.36 for HL1-hT1. The hazard index (HI) was evaluated by comparing the reference dose (RfD, mgkg-1bwday-1) obtained from our experimental data with the chronic daily intake (CDI) of the female population. Using comet assay experimental data with the more sensitive TK-6 cells, HIcis-EHMC was 7 times higher than HItrans-EHMC. In terms of CDI, relative contributions were; dermal exposure route>oral>inhalation. According to our results we recommend the RfDtrans-EHMC=0.20 and RfDcis-EHMC=0.02 for trans-EHMC and cis-EHMC, respectively, to use for human health risk assessment. The significant difference in trans-EHMC and cis-EHMC response points to the need for toxicological reevaluation and application reassessment of both isomers in PCPs.

• Klíčová slova
• Adult human liver stem cells, Genotoxicity, High-throughput comet assay, Human risk assessment, Isomerization, trans/cis-EHMC,
• MeSH
• buněčné linie MeSH
• cinnamáty škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• hodnocení rizik MeSH
• játra cytologie   MeSH
• kmenové buňky účinky léků   MeSH
• kosmetické přípravky škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfocyty účinky léků   MeSH
• poškození DNA * MeSH
• přípravky chránící proti slunci škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• sluneční záření MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• cinnamáty MeSH
• ethyl 4-methoxycinnamate MeSH Prohlížeč
• kosmetické přípravky MeSH
• přípravky chránící proti slunci MeSH

The aim of this study was to evaluate the inorganic elemental composition (49 elements) of 29 botanical preparations obtained from fruits, leaves, peels, seeds, roots, fungi, and spirulina by using inductively coupled-mass spectrometry and a mercury analyzer. Simultaneously, the risk associated with the chronic dietary exposure to 12 toxic metals and metalloids among the European population was evaluated by using a probabilistic approach based on Monte Carlo simulations. The analysis revealed worrying intake levels of Al, As, and Ni, primarily stemming from the consumption of spirulina-, peel-, and leaf-based botanicals by younger age groups. The intake of As from all analyzed botanicals posed a significant risk for infants, yielding margins of exposure (MOEs) below 1, while those deriving from peel-based botanicals raised concerns across all age groups (MOEs = 0.04-2.3). The consumption of peel-based botanicals contributed substantially (13-130%) also to the tolerable daily intake of Ni for infants, toddlers, and children, while that of spirulina-based botanicals raised concerns related to Al intake also among adults, contributing to 11-176% of the tolerable weekly intake of this element. The findings achieved underscore the importance of implementing a monitoring framework to address chemical contamination of botanicals, thus ensuring their safety for regular consumers.

• Klíčová slova
• Food safety, Food supplements, Heavy metals, Monte Carlo simulations, Risk assessment,
• MeSH
• dietární expozice * MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hodnocení rizik MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• kontaminace potravin * analýza   MeSH
• kovy analýza   toxicita   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metoda Monte Carlo MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• polokovy * analýza   toxicita   MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• rostlinné přípravky chemie   analýza   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• kovy MeSH
• polokovy * MeSH
• rostlinné přípravky MeSH

Wild-growing edible mushrooms are valuable food with a high content of proteins, fibers, antioxidants, and they are characterized by their specific taste and flavor. However, from an ecotoxicological point of view, they are a risk commodity because of their extremely high bioaccumulative capacity to accumulate the risk elements and contaminants from the environment. In the present study, we examined mercury (Hg) contamination in 230 fruiting bodies of Macrolepiota procera (Scop.) Singer and 230 soil/substrate samples, which were collected in foraging seasons 2015-2019 from 22 different locations in Slovakia. Total mercury content was determined by cold-vapor AAS analyzer AMA 254. The level of contamination and environmental risks were assessed by contamination factor (Cf), index of geoaccumulation (Igeo), and potential environmental risk index (PER). Bioaccumulation factor (BAF) was calculated for individual anatomical parts of M. procera. Mercury content in the soil/substrate samples varied between 0.02 and 0.89 mg kg-1 DW, and in mushroom samples between 0.03 and 2.83 mg kg-1 DW (stems), and between 0.04 and 6.29 mg kg-1 DW (caps). The obtained results were compared with the provisional tolerable weekly intake for Hg defined by WHO to determine a health risk resulting from regular and long-term consumption of M. procera.

• Klíčová slova
• Macrolepiota procera, bioaccumulation, contamination, mercury,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Following stimulation, pancreatic β-cells must orchestrate a plethora of signalling events to ensure the appropriate release of insulin and maintenance of normal glucose homeostasis. Failure at any point in this cascade leads to impaired insulin secretion, elevated blood levels of glucose and eventually type 2 diabetes mellitus. Likewise, β-cell replacement or regeneration strategies for the treatment of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus might fail if the correct cell signalling phenotype cannot be faithfully recreated. However, current understanding of β-cell function is complicated because of the highly dynamic nature of their intracellular and intercellular signalling as well as insulin release itself. β-Cells must precisely integrate multiple signals stemming from multiple cues, often with differing intensities, frequencies and cellular and subcellular localizations, before converging these signals onto insulin exocytosis. In this respect, optical approaches with high resolution in space and time are extremely useful for properly deciphering the complexity of β-cell signalling. An increased understanding of β-cell signalling might identify new mechanisms underlying insulin release, with relevance for future drug therapy and de novo stem cell engineering of functional islets.

• MeSH
• beta-buňky metabolismus   MeSH
• diabetes mellitus 2. typu genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• genetická predispozice k nemoci epidemiologie   MeSH
• glukosa metabolismus   MeSH
• hodnocení rizik MeSH
• homeostáza genetika   MeSH
• incidence MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• sekrece inzulinu fyziologie   MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita MeSH
• signální transdukce MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• glukosa MeSH

Previous studies of non-histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA) gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on subgroups of patients undergoing allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) revealed an association with transplant outcome. This study further evaluated the association of non-HLA polymorphisms with overall survival in a cohort of 762 HSCT patients using data on 26 polymorphisms in 16 non-HLA genes. When viewed in addition to an already established clinical risk score (EBMT-score), three polymorphisms: rs8177374 in the gene for MyD88-adapter-like (MAL; P=0.026), rs9340799 in the oestrogen receptor gene (ESR; P=0.003) and rs1800795 in interleukin-6 (IL-6; P=0.007) were found to be associated with reduced overall survival, whereas the haplo-genotype (ACC/ACC) in IL-10 was protective (P=0.02). The addition of these non-HLA polymorphisms in a Cox regression model alongside the EBMT-score improved discrimination between risk groups and increased the level of prediction compared with the EBMT-score alone (gain in prediction capability for EBMT-genetic-score 10.8%). Results also demonstrated how changes in clinical practice through time have altered the effects of non-HLA analysis. The study illustrates the significance of non-HLA genotyping prior to HSCT and the importance of further investigation into non-HLA gene polymorphisms in risk prediction.

• MeSH
• alfa receptor estrogenů genetika   MeSH
• alografty MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• genotyp MeSH
• haplotypy MeSH
• hematologické nádory mortalita   terapie   MeSH
• histokompatibilita MeSH
• hodnocení rizik metody   MeSH
• infekce mortalita   MeSH
• interleukin-10 genetika   MeSH
• interleukin-6 genetika   MeSH
• jednonukleotidový polymorfismus * MeSH
• Kaplanův-Meierův odhad MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• membránové glykoproteiny genetika   MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• multiorgánové selhání mortalita   MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• nemoc štěpu proti hostiteli mortalita   MeSH
• příčina smrti MeSH
• příprava pacienta k transplantaci škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• proporcionální rizikové modely MeSH
• receptory interleukinu-1 genetika   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• transplantace hematopoetických kmenových buněk mortalita   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• alfa receptor estrogenů MeSH
• ESR1 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• IL10 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• IL6 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• interleukin-10 MeSH
• interleukin-6 MeSH
• membránové glykoproteiny MeSH
• receptory interleukinu-1 MeSH
• TIRAP protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč

BACKGROUND: This work summarizes our experience with WT1 monitoring before and after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). PATIENTS AND METHODS: The expression of WT1 gene was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction in peripheral blood according to the European Leukemia Net recommendations. Between May 2005 and August 2019, we analyzed 147 consecutive patients with acute myeloid leukemia with high WT1 expression at diagnosis, transplanted in first (CR1) or second (CR2) complete remission. RESULTS: At the time of allo-HSCT, 107 patients had WT1-normal expression (WT1 ≤ 50 copies), and 40 patients had WT1-high expression. The median follow-up was 21 months. The estimated 5-year overall survival and event-free survival was significantly better in the WT1-normal cohort (65% and 57% vs. 37% and 25%; P = .0003 and P < .0001, respectively) and 5-year cumulative incidence of relapse was significantly lower in the WT1-normal group (19% vs. 53%; P < .0001). Five-year non-relapse mortality was not significantly different (20% and 23%). Multivariate analysis revealed WT1-high expression and acute graft-versus-host disease grade 3/4 as significantly negative prognostic factors for OS. Overall, 49 patients developed WT1 molecular relapse in the post-transplant period; in 14 cases, the therapeutic intervention was done. In all but 1 relapsed patient where WT1 minimal residual disease (MRD) was monitored (38 patients), we detected WT1-high levels (sensitivity of 97%). CONCLUSION: The results of the analysis confirmed our previous experience that WT1 status before allo-HSCT is a strong prognostic factor for both OS and relapse risk. In addition, we confirmed the usefulness of this marker for MRD monitoring after allo-HSCT. The main advantage is the possibility of frequent MRD monitoring in peripheral blood and early bone marrow examination based on WT1-high expression.

• Klíčová slova
• AML, Allogeneic, MRD monitoring, Prognostic factors, WT1,
• MeSH
• akutní myeloidní leukemie krev   genetika   mortalita   terapie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hodnocení rizik metody   MeSH
• incidence MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lokální recidiva nádoru epidemiologie   genetika   MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• nádorové biomarkery krev   metabolismus   MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• nemoc štěpu proti hostiteli diagnóza   epidemiologie   MeSH
• přežití bez známek nemoci MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• proteiny WT1 krev   metabolismus   MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u leukemie MeSH
• reziduální nádor MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• stanovení celkové genové exprese MeSH
• studie proveditelnosti MeSH
• stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
• transplantace hematopoetických kmenových buněk škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• nádorové biomarkery MeSH
• proteiny WT1 MeSH
• WT1 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč