Docosahexaenoic Acid-Derived Fatty Acid Esters of Hydroxy Fatty Acids (FAHFAs) With Anti-inflammatory Properties
Language English Country United States Media print-electronic
Document type Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PubMed
27313314
DOI
10.2337/db16-0385
PII: db16-0385
Knihovny.cz E-resources
- MeSH
- Macrophage Activation drug effects MeSH
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents chemistry therapeutic use MeSH
- Adipose Tissue, White drug effects metabolism MeSH
- 3T3-L1 Cells MeSH
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 immunology metabolism MeSH
- Esters chemistry therapeutic use MeSH
- Phagocytosis drug effects MeSH
- Insulin Resistance physiology MeSH
- Cells, Cultured MeSH
- Linoleic Acid chemistry MeSH
- Docosahexaenoic Acids chemistry MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Lipopolysaccharides pharmacology MeSH
- Mice, Inbred C57BL MeSH
- Mice MeSH
- Fatty Acids, Unsaturated chemistry MeSH
- Obesity drug therapy immunology metabolism MeSH
- Adipocytes drug effects metabolism MeSH
- Inflammation drug therapy immunology metabolism MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Mice MeSH
- Animals MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Names of Substances
- 14-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid MeSH Browser
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents MeSH
- Esters MeSH
- Linoleic Acid MeSH
- Docosahexaenoic Acids MeSH
- Lipopolysaccharides MeSH
- Fatty Acids, Unsaturated MeSH
White adipose tissue (WAT) is a complex organ with both metabolic and endocrine functions. Dysregulation of all of these functions of WAT, together with low-grade inflammation of the tissue in obese individuals, contributes to the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) of marine origin play an important role in the resolution of inflammation and exert beneficial metabolic effects. Using experiments in mice and overweight/obese patients with type 2 diabetes, we elucidated the structures of novel members of fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids-lipokines derived from docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and linoleic acid, which were present in serum and WAT after n-3 PUFA supplementation. These compounds contained DHA esterified to 9- and 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (HLA) or 14-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid (HDHA), termed 9-DHAHLA, 13-DHAHLA, and 14-DHAHDHA, and were synthesized by adipocytes at concentrations comparable to those of protectins and resolvins derived from DHA in WAT. 13-DHAHLA exerted anti-inflammatory and proresolving properties while reducing macrophage activation by lipopolysaccharides and enhancing the phagocytosis of zymosan particles. Our results document the existence of novel lipid mediators, which are involved in the beneficial anti-inflammatory effects attributed to n-3 PUFAs, in both mice and humans.
References provided by Crossref.org
Tissue-specific sex difference in the metabolism of fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids
Cholesteryl esters of ω-(O-acyl)-hydroxy fatty acids in vernix caseosa
