Microtubule-associated protein 2c (MAP2c) is a 49-kDa intrinsically disordered protein regulating the dynamics of microtubules in developing neurons. MAP2c differs from its sequence homologue Tau in the pattern and kinetics of phosphorylation by cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). Moreover, the mechanisms through which MAP2c interacts with its binding partners and the conformational changes and dynamics associated with these interactions remain unclear. Here, we used NMR relaxation and paramagnetic relaxation enhancement techniques to determine the dynamics and long-range interactions within MAP2c. The relaxation rates revealed large differences in flexibility of individual regions of MAP2c, with the lowest flexibility observed in the known and proposed binding sites. Quantitative conformational analyses of chemical shifts, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and paramagnetic relaxation enhancement measurements disclosed that MAP2c regions interacting with important protein partners, including Fyn tyrosine kinase, plectin, and PKA, adopt specific conformations. High populations of polyproline II and α-helices were found in Fyn- and plectin-binding sites of MAP2c, respectively. The region binding the regulatory subunit of PKA consists of two helical motifs bridged by a more extended conformation. Of note, although MAP2c and Tau did not differ substantially in their conformations in regions of high sequence identity, we found that they differ significantly in long-range interactions, dynamics, and local conformation motifs in their N-terminal domains. These results highlight that the N-terminal regions of MAP2c provide important specificity to its regulatory roles and indicate a close relationship between MAP2c's biological functions and conformational behavior.

From Masaryk University Central European Institute of Technology Kamenice 5 625 00 Brno Czech Republic

Masaryk University Faculty of Science National Centre for Biomolecular Research Kamenice 5 625 00 Brno Czech Republic

the Department of NMR based Structural Biology Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry Am Fassberg 11 37077 Göttingen Germany

the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases Von Siebold Strasse 3a 37075 Göttingen Germany and

University Grenoble Alps CEA CNRS 38000 Grenoble France

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Characterization of multiple binding sites on microtubule associated protein 2c recognized by dimeric and monomeric 14-3-3ζ

Structural basis of binding the unique N-terminal domain of microtubule-associated protein 2c to proteins regulating kinases of signaling pathways

Specific phosphorylation of microtubule-associated protein 2c by extracellular signal-regulated kinase reduces interactions at its Pro-rich regions

Choice of Force Field for Proteins Containing Structured and Intrinsically Disordered Regions

Structure and Functions of Microtubule Associated Proteins Tau and MAP2c: Similarities and Differences