Dance-movement intervention (DMI) offers multi-component stimulation of cognitive functions, and it may ameliorate cognitive deficits in the elderly. We investigated the effects of intensive DMI on the cognitive performances of healthy seniors (HS) and patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). In addition, we evaluated whether the baseline MRI hippocampus-to-cortex volume (HV:CTV) ratio (i.e., a marker of a typical AD-specific brain atrophy and of distribution of neurofibrillary tangles in the brain) has any impact on the DMI-induced cognitive changes. The research cohort consisted of 99 subjects who were randomly assigned (in a 1:1 ratio) to a DMI group or to a control (life-as-usual) group. The DMI group consisted of 49 subjects with an average age of 69.16 years (SD = 5.36), of which 34 were HS (69.4%) and 15 had MCI (30.6%). The control group consisted of 50 subjects aged 68.37 years (SD = 6.10), of which 31 were HC (62%) and 19 (38%) had MCI. The DMI group underwent a 6-month intervention, which consisted of 60 lessons supervised by a qualified instructor. Statistical analysis yielded a significant improvement of the figural fluency task as measured by the five-point test in the DMI group as compared to the control group [t (97) = 2.72; p = 0.008]. The baseline HV:CTV ratio was not associated with cognitive changes on that task or with changes in any cognitive domain's Z scores. We observed DMI-induced effect on the test evaluating executive functions across the spectrum of HS and MCI, which was not dependent on the magnitude of AD-related brain pathology.

1st Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Pekařská 664 53 656 91 Brno Czech Republic

Applied Neuroscience Research Group Central European Institute of Technology Masaryk University Kamenice 5 625 00 Brno Czech Republic

Department of Gymnastics and Combatives Faculty of Sports Studies Masaryk University Kamenice 5 625 00 Brno Czech Republic

Department of Health Promotion Faculty of Sports Studies Masaryk University Kamenice 5 625 00 Brno Czech Republic

Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Kamenice 5 625 00 Brno Czech Republic

Multimodal and Functional Imaging Research Group Central European Institute of Technology Masaryk University Kamenice 5 625 00 Brno Czech Republic

Psychology Department Faculty of Arts Masaryk University Arne Nováka 1 602 00 Brno Czech Republic

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