Stricture formation is a common complication of Crohn's disease, resulting from the disease process, surgery, or drugs. Endoscopic balloon dilation has an important role in the management of strictures, with emerging techniques, such as endoscopic electroincision and stenting, showing promising results. The underlying disease process, altered bowel anatomy from disease or surgery, and concurrent use of immunosuppressive drugs can make endoscopic procedures more challenging. There is an urgent need for the standardisation of endoscopic procedures and peri-procedural management strategies. On the basis of an extensive literature review and the clinical experience of the consensus group, which consisted of representatives from the Interventional Inflammatory Bowel Disease Group, we propose detailed guidance on all aspects of the principles and techniques for endoscopic procedures in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease-associated strictures.

Center for Advanced Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research and Treatment Kitasato University Kitasato Institute Hospital Tokyo Japan

Center for Interventional Endoscopy Florida Hospital Orlando FL USA

Center for Interventional Inflammatory Bowel Disease Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York Presbyterian Hospital NY USA

Clinical and Research Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease ISCARE Clinical Centre Prague Czech Republic

Department of Colorectal Surgery The 6th Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat sen University Guangzhou China

Department of Gastroenterology 1st Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat sen University Guangzhou China

Department of Gastroenterology Mayo Clinic Jacksonville Jacksonville FL USA

Department of Gastroenterology Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA

Department of Gastroenterology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing China

Department of Gastroenterology Peking University People's Hospital Beijing China

Department of Gastroenterology University Louisville Medical Center Louisville KY USA

Department of Gastroenterology University of California San Diego Medical Center San Diego CA USA

Department of Gastroenterology Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA

Division of Colorectal Surgery Columbia University Presbyterian Medical Center New York NY USA

Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Allegheny Health Network Pittsburgh PA USA

Division of Gastroenterology University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson MS USA

IBD Outpatients Clinic Catholic University of Paraná Curitiba Brazil

IBD Unit Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Madrid Spain

Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinical and Research Centre University of Manitoba Winnipeg MB Canada

Inflammatory Bowel Disease Program University of Maryland School of Medicine Maryland MD USA

Institute of Translational Medicine Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust University of Birmingham Birmingham UK

Mount Sinai Hospital Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre Toronto ON Canada

San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Department of Gastroenterology University of California San Francisco CA USA

Servei de Gastroenterologia Instituto Clínic de Enfermedades Digestivas y Metabólicas Hospital Clínic de Barcelona Barcelona Spain

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