Climate warming is causing a shift in biological communities in favor of warm-affinity species (i.e., thermophilization). Species responses often lag behind climate warming, but the reasons for such lags remain largely unknown. Here, we analyzed multidecadal understory microclimate dynamics in European forests and show that thermophilization and the climatic lag in forest plant communities are primarily controlled by microclimate. Increasing tree canopy cover reduces warming rates inside forests, but loss of canopy cover leads to increased local heat that exacerbates the disequilibrium between community responses and climate change. Reciprocal effects between plants and microclimates are key to understanding the response of forest biodiversity and functioning to climate and land-use changes.

Białowieża Geobotanical Station Faculty of Biology University of Warsaw 17 230 Białowieża Poland

Department of Botany Faculty of Science Palacký University in Olomouc CZ 78371 Olomouc Czech Republic

Department of Botany Institute of Environmental Biology University of Wrocław PL 50 328 50 Wrocław Poland

Department of Forest Biodiversity Faculty of Forestry University of Agriculture in Kraków PL 32 425 Kraków Poland

Department of Forestry and Renewable Forest Resources Biotechnical Faculty University of Ljubljana Ljubljana 1000 Slovenia

Department of Hydrobiology Institute of Biology University of Pécs H 7624 Pécs Hungary

Department of Plant Physiology and Ecology University of Rzeszów PL 35 959 Rzeszów Poland

Department of Plant Systematics Ecology and Theoretical Biology Institute of Biology L Eötvös University H 1117 Budapest Hungary

Department of Silviculture and Forest Ecology of the Temperate Zones University of Göttingen D 37077 Göttingen Germany

Environment Agency Austria A 1090 Vienna Austria

Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences Prague CZ 165 21 Prague 6 Suchdol Czech Republic

Faculty of Forestry Technical University in Zvolen SK 960 01 Zvolen Slovakia

Forest and Nature Lab Department of Environment Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Ghent University B 9090 Melle Gontrode Belgium

Forest Ecology and Conservation Group Department of Plant Sciences University of Cambridge Cambridge CB23EA UK

General Botany Insitute of Biochemistry and Biology University of Potsdam 14469 Potsdam Germany

Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences CZ 252 43 Průhonice Czech Republic

Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences CZ 602 00 Brno Czech Republic

Institute of Ecology and Evolution Friedrich Schiller University Jena D 07743 Jena Germany

Institute of Environmental and Earth Sciences University of Sopron H 9400 Sopron Hungary

Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research D 15374 Muencheberg Germany

MTA DE Lendület Functional and Restoration Ecology Research Group H 4032 Debrecen Hungary

Museum of Natural History University of Wrocław PL 50 335 Wrocław Poland

National Forest Centre SK 960 01 Zvolen Slovakia

Research Institute for Nature and Forest B 1000 Brussels Belgium

Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences 230 53 Alnarp Sweden

Swiss Federal Institute for Forest Snow and Landscape Research WSL 8903 Birmensdorf Switzerland

UR Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés Université de Picardie Jules Verne 800037 Amiens Cedex 1 France

Komentář v

Science. 2020 May 15;368(6492):711-712. doi: 10.1126/science.abc1245. PubMed

Erratum v

Science. 2020 Jun 26;368(6498):eabd3881. doi: 10.1126/science.abd3881. PubMed

Komentář v

Science. 2020 Nov 27;370(6520):eabd3850. doi: 10.1126/science.abd3850. PubMed

Komentář v

Science. 2020 Dec 11;370(6522):eabd9920. doi: 10.1126/science.abd9920. PubMed

Citace poskytuje Crossref.org

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10.5061/dryad.r7sqv9s83