The optimal conditioning for patients with higher risk MDS receiving potentially curative allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant(allo-HCT) remains to be defined. This is particularly the case for patients with excess of blasts at time of allo-HCT. Sequential (Seq) conditioning, whereby chemotherapy is followed rapidly by transplant conditioning, offers an opportunity to decrease disease burden, potentially improving outcomes allo-HCT outcomes. Herein we present the only analysis comparing Seq to myeloablative (MAC) and reduced intensity conditioning (RIC) specifically focussed on MDS patients with excess of blasts at allo-HCT. 303 patients were identified in the EBMT registry, receiving RIC (n = 158), Seq (n = 105), and MAC (n = 40). Median follow-up was 67.2 months and median age at allo-HCT was 59.5 years (IQR 53.5-65.6). For the entire cohort, 3 y overall survival (OS) was 50% (95% CI 45-56%) and relapse free survival (RFS) 45% (95% CI 40-51%). No significant differences in OS (log-rank p = 0.13) and RFS (log-rank p = 0.18) were observed between conditioning protocols. On multivariable analysis, lower performance status, worse IPSS-R cytogenetics, sibling donor (compared to 8/8 MUD) and ≥20% blasts at allo-HCT were associated with worse outcomes. In conclusion, the Seq protocol did little to influence the outcome in this high-risk group of patients, with outcomes mostly determined by baseline disease risk and patient characteristics such as performance status.
- MeSH
- chronická nemoc MeSH
- homologní transplantace metody MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lokální recidiva nádoru MeSH
- myelodysplastické syndromy * terapie MeSH
- nemoc štěpu proti hostiteli * etiologie MeSH
- příprava pacienta k transplantaci metody MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- transplantace hematopoetických kmenových buněk * metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- MeSH
- bortezomib aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- dexamethason aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- hydraziny aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- míra přežití MeSH
- mnohočetný myelom * farmakoterapie mortalita MeSH
- nemoci ledvin * farmakoterapie mortalita MeSH
- přežití po terapii bez příznaků nemoci MeSH
- protokoly antitumorózní kombinované chemoterapie aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- triazoly aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- dopisy MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
- MeSH
- bolest chemicky indukované MeSH
- bortezomib škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- dexamethason škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- hydraziny škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mnohočetný myelom farmakoterapie MeSH
- nemoci periferního nervového systému chemicky indukované MeSH
- protokoly antitumorózní kombinované chemoterapie škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- triazoly škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- dopisy MeSH
- klinické zkoušky, fáze III MeSH
In the phase 3 BOSTON study, patients with multiple myeloma (MM) after 1-3 prior regimens were randomized to once-weekly selinexor (an oral inhibitor of exportin 1 [XPO1]) plus bortezomib-dexamethasone (XVd) or twice-weekly bortezomib-dexamethasone (Vd). Compared with Vd, XVd was associated with significant improvements in median progression-free survival (PFS), overall response rate (ORR), and lower rates of peripheral neuropathy, with trends in overall survival (OS) favoring XVd. In BOSTON, 141 (35.1%) patients had MM with high-risk (presence of del[17p], t[4;14], t[14;16], or ≥4 copies of amp1q21) cytogenetics (XVd, n = 70; Vd, n = 71), and 261 (64.9%) exhibited standard-risk cytogenetics (XVd, n = 125; Vd, n = 136). Among patients with high-risk MM, median PFS was 12.91 months for XVd and 8.61 months for Vd (HR, 0.73 [95% CI, (0.4673, 1.1406)], p = 0.082), and ORRs were 78.6% and 57.7%, respectively (OR 2.68; p = 0.004). In the standard-risk subgroup, median PFS was 16.62 months for XVd and 9.46 months for Vd (HR 0.61; p = 0.004), and ORRs were 75.2% and 64.7%, respectively (OR 1.65; p = 0.033). The safety profiles of XVd and Vd in both subgroups were consistent with the overall population. These data suggest that selinexor can confer benefits to patients with MM regardless of cytogenetic risk. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03110562.
- MeSH
- antitumorózní látky škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- bortezomib škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- cytogenetické vyšetření MeSH
- dexamethason škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- doba přežití bez progrese choroby MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hydraziny škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mnohočetný myelom farmakoterapie genetika MeSH
- protokoly antitumorózní kombinované chemoterapie škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- triazoly škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- klinické zkoušky, fáze III MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
Elderly and frail patients with multiple myeloma (MM) are more vulnerable to the toxicity of combination therapies, often resulting in treatment modifications and suboptimal outcomes. The phase 3 BOSTON study showed that once-weekly selinexor and bortezomib with low-dose dexamethasone (XVd) improved PFS and ORR compared with standard twice-weekly bortezomib and moderate-dose dexamethasone (Vd) in patients with previously treated MM. This is a retrospective subgroup analysis of the multicenter, prospective, randomized BOSTON trial. Post hoc analyses were performed to compare XVd versus Vd safety and efficacy according to age and frailty status (<65 and ≥65 years, nonfrail and frail). Patients ≥65 years with XVd had higher ORR (OR 1.77, p = .024), ≥VGPR (OR, 1.68, p = .027), PFS (HR 0.55, p = .002), and improved OS (HR 0.63, p = .030), compared with Vd. In frail patients, XVd was associated with a trend towards better PFS (HR 0.69, p = .08) and OS (HR 0.62, p = .062). Significant improvements were also observed in patients <65 (ORR and TTNT) and nonfrail patients (PFS, ORR, ≥VGPR, and TTNT). Patients treated with XVd had a lower incidence of grade ≥ 2 peripheral neuropathy in ≥65 year-old (22% vs. 37%; p = .0060) and frail patients (15% vs. 44%; p = .0002). Grade ≥3 TEAEs were not observed more often in older compared to younger patients, nor in frail compared to nonfrail patients. XVd is safe and effective in patients <65 and ≥65 and in nonfrail and frail patients with previously treated MM.
- MeSH
- bortezomib aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky MeSH
- dexamethason aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky MeSH
- doba přežití bez progrese choroby MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- gastrointestinální nemoci chemicky indukované MeSH
- hydraziny aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Kaplanův-Meierův odhad MeSH
- klinické zkoušky, fáze III jako téma statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- křehkost komplikace diagnóza MeSH
- krevní nemoci chemicky indukované MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mnohočetný myelom komplikace farmakoterapie MeSH
- multicentrické studie jako téma statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- nemoci periferního nervového systému chemicky indukované MeSH
- protokoly antitumorózní kombinované chemoterapie škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie jako téma statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- rozvrh dávkování léků MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
- triazoly aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky MeSH
- věkové faktory MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
Therapeutic regimens for previously treated multiple myeloma (MM) may not provide prolonged disease control and are often complicated by significant adverse events, including peripheral neuropathy. In patients with previously treated MM in the Phase 3 BOSTON study, once weekly selinexor, once weekly bortezomib, and 40 mg dexamethasone (XVd) demonstrated a significantly longer median progression-free survival (PFS), higher response rates, deeper responses, a trend to improved survival, and reduced incidence and severity of bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy when compared with standard twice weekly bortezomib and 80 mg dexamethasone (Vd). The pre-specified analyses described here evaluated the influence of the number of prior lines of therapy, prior treatment with lenalidomide, prior proteasome inhibitor (PI) therapy, prior immunomodulatory drug therapy, and prior autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) on the efficacy and safety of XVd compared with Vd. In this 1:1 randomized study, enrolled patients were assigned to receive once weekly oral selinexor (100 mg) with once weekly subcutaneous bortezomib (1.3 mg/m2) and 40 mg per week dexamethasone (XVd) versus standard twice weekly bortezomib and 80 mg per week dexamethasone (Vd). XVd significantly improved PFS, overall response rate, time-to-next-treatment, and showed reduced all grade and grade ≥ 2 peripheral neuropathy compared with Vd regardless of prior treatments, but the benefits of XVd over Vd were more pronounced in patients treated earlier in their disease course who had either received only one prior therapy, had never been treated with a PI, or had prior ASCT. Treatment with XVd improved outcomes as compared to Vd regardless of prior therapies as well as manageable and generally reversible adverse events. XVd was associated with clinical benefit and reduced peripheral neuropathy compared to standard Vd in previously treated MM. These results suggest that the once weekly XVd regimen may be optimally administered to patients earlier in their course of disease, as their first bortezomib-containing regimen, and in those relapsing after ASCT.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03110562). Registered 12 April 2017. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03110562 .
- MeSH
- bortezomib farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- dexamethason farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- hydraziny farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mnohočetný myelom farmakoterapie patologie MeSH
- protokoly antitumorózní kombinované chemoterapie farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- triazoly farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- dopisy MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH