INTRODUCTION: Rowing is a strength endurance type of sport, and morphology and mass are undoubtedly performance-related factors. Precisely identifying these morphological factors associated with performance, can assist the exercise scientists and coaches in selecting and developing talented athletes. There is however, a lack of anthropometric data collected at either World Championship or Olympic Games level. The aims of this study were to describe and compare the morphology and basic strength characteristic of male and female heavyweight and lightweight rowers competing at 2022 World Championship (18.-25. September, Račice, Czech Republic). METHODS: A total of 68 athletes (of 46 male competitors: 15 competed in the lightweight category and 31 in the heavyweight category; of 22 female athletes: 6 competed in the lightweight category and 16 in the heavyweight category) were assessed using anthropometric methods, bioimpedance analysis and performed a hand-grip test. RESULTS: Between heavyweight and lightweight male rowers there were a statistically and practically significant differences in all monitored aspects except the sport age, sitting height/body height ratio and arm span/body height ratio. Between heavyweight and lightweight female rowers there were also statistically and practically significant differences in all monitored aspects except the identical indicators as in male. DISCUSSION: Within this research it can be argued that female rowers are in many anthropometric aspects more similar to their male counterparts than to female rowers in the lightweight category. In some anthropometric aspects (BMI, thigh girth, calf girth), female rowers are even more similar to male heavyweight than to male lightweight rowers. The physical characteristics of elite male and female lightweight rowers differ radically from those of heavyweight. From a practical point of view, this research can be used to determine what type of athletes should be recruited or selected for heavy category and what type for lightweight category in male and female rowing based on the somatotype.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Rowing is a fitness-determined sport. Strength especially is an important factor in rowing performance. The aim of this study was twofold. First to determine the level of maximal strength of Czech national team female rowers in three frequently used exercises (squat, deadlift and bench-pull) and secondly to compare female rowers from the national team A with the team B. When compared to the published standards the Czech national team shows an inadequate level of relative strength in squat (1.23 vs. 1.6 kg $\cdot$ kg$^{-1}$ body weight) and especially in bench-pull (0.86 vs. 1.2). The rowers in the A team showed higher standard of relative strength than the rowers of the national team B. However, the differences were not evaluated as practically or statistically significant. Compared subpopulations did not acquire sufficient scope for adequate statistical analysis. To female rowers we recommend to focus on developing maximum strength skill with a special attention to the strength of upper limbs and torso. To coaches we recommend a regular diagnostic through these basic exercises.
The objective of this study was to determine the anthropometric and somatotype differences between elite single-canoeists (C1) included in the white-water slalom Czech national team (NT) (n = 5) and others (n = 12) who did not qualify for the national team (DNQ) leading up to the Olympic Games in Rio de Janiero, 2016. All paddlers were measured using a battery of 40 anthropometric parameters in one day, 4 weeks before competing in the Czech national selection races. The NT racers had a significantly (p < 0.05) greater circumference of the forearm (27.8 ± 0.6 vs. 26.8 ± 1.4) and upper arm (35.60 ± 1.5 vs. 33.5 ± 1.7) for the dominant paddling arm, as well as a greater chest circumference (98.3 ± 2.4 vs. 93.9 ± 2.3). Additionally, the sum of triceps, scapular, calf, and supraspinal skinfolds were significantly less in NT. There were no significant differences in height (p = 0.14), body mass (p = 0.18) or circumferences of the lower extremities (p = 0.09–0.32). Somatotype was statistically similar (p = 0.06–0.13), but practically different (NT = 1.4–5.6–2.3; DNQ = 1.6–4.6–3.1) such as body fat percentage (NT = 7.5 ± 2.3; DNQ = 9.1 ± 1.6). Based on the results of this study we can recommend that single-canoeists seeking to achieve elite performance should participate in training that focuses on maximizing the musculature of the upper limbs and chest while maintaining minimal body fat. The current data also shows that experience likely plays a role in national team selection, as NT were an average of 5.5 years older than DNQ.
Background: Recently, there have been rising demands on the specifics of functional load testing, which should with its motor structure correspond or at least draw near the sport specialization. However, evaluation of specific forms of diagnostics is very pure in canoe slalom. Objective: The aim of the study was to compare a physiological response based on results in graded functional test when paddling in a single canoe (C1) and results reached in the standardized arm crank ergometrics. Methods: The research sample consisted of 6 elite Czech single canoeists, members of Czech senior national team and the Czech national team up to 23 years. Their average weight was 79.7±6.6 kg, height 183.4±6.6 cm and age 23.6±3.9 years. Results: When comparing the result values of physiological indicators measured in both functional tests, we have found out significant differences (statistical and substantive) in variables: VO2peak (p=0.00; 15.1%), VEpeak (p=0.06, 11.1%), HR (p=0.02; 5.7%), RR (p=0.18; 9.3%), VT (p=0.00; 18.8%) and RER (p=0.26; 4.0%). With the exception of respiratory rate, significantly lower values of all physiological variables were found in on-water testing (C1). Although there was a strong correlation between the VO2peak indicators (r=0.79, p=0.06) found between paddling and crank ergometrics, this relationship cannot be considered significant (p=0.06) due to the small research sample. Conclusions: To evaluate on-water testing and to determine the external validity of arm crank ergometrics for C1 diagnostics, it is necessary to test a bigger research sample. Therefore, it is a pilot study. However, the results indicate that the physiological load requirements in the C1 category are different from those of the kayak category (K1). Although C1 paddlers reached similar VO2peak values in the arm crank ergometrics as kayakers, in the on-water test they reached about 10 ml.kg.min-1 lower oxygen uptake compared to kayakers (Busta, Bílý, Suchý, & Kovářová, 2017).
- Klíčová slova
- kliková ergometrie, jízda na kajaku, vodní slalom,
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- ergometrie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- sporty MeSH
- tělesná námaha MeSH
- výzkum MeSH
- zátěžový test MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
