Recent years have seen important advances in our understanding of the etiology, biology and genetics of kidney cancer. To summarize important achievements and identify prominent research questions that remain, a workshop was organized by IARC and the US NCI. A series of 'difficult questions' were formulated, which should be given future priority in the areas of population, genomic and clinical research.
- MeSH
- biomedicínský výzkum MeSH
- genomika * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory ledvin etiologie genetika patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
BACKGROUND: In clinical trials, the use of intermediate time-to-event end points (TEEs) is increasingly common, yet their choice and definitions are not standardized. This limits the usefulness for comparing treatment effects between studies. The aim of the DATECAN Kidney project is to clarify and recommend definitions of TEE in renal cell cancer (RCC) through a formal consensus method for end point definitions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A formal modified Delphi method was used for establishing consensus. From a 2006-2009 literature review, the Steering Committee (SC) selected 9 TEE and 15 events in the nonmetastatic (NM) and metastatic/advanced (MA) RCC disease settings. Events were scored on the range of 1 (totally disagree to include) to 9 (totally agree to include) in the definition of each end point. Rating Committee (RC) experts were contacted for the scoring rounds. From these results, final recommendations were established for selecting pertinent end points and the associated events. RESULTS: Thirty-four experts scored 121 events for 9 end points. Consensus was reached for 31%, 43% and 85% events during the first, second and third rounds, respectively. The expert recommend the use of three and two endpoints in NM and MA setting, respectively. In the NM setting: disease-free survival (contralateral RCC, appearance of metastases, local or regional recurrence, death from RCC or protocol treatment), metastasis-free survival (appearance of metastases, regional recurrence, death from RCC); and local-regional-free survival (local or regional recurrence, death from RCC). In the MA setting: kidney cancer-specific survival (death from RCC or protocol treatment) and progression-free survival (death from RCC, local, regional, or metastatic progression). CONCLUSIONS: The consensus method revealed that intermediate end points have not been well defined, because all of the selected end points had at least one event definition for which no consensus was obtained. These clarified definitions of TEE should become standard practice in all RCC clinical trials, thus facilitating reporting and increasing precision in between trial comparisons.
- MeSH
- delfská metoda MeSH
- dodržování směrnic normy MeSH
- karcinom z renálních buněk mortalita terapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lokální recidiva nádoru mortalita terapie MeSH
- nádory ledvin mortalita terapie MeSH
- přežití bez známek nemoci MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie jako téma metody normy MeSH
- stanovení cílového parametru metody normy MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
BACKGROUND: Patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma in routine clinical practice can differ considerably from those in phase III studies. PATIENTS AND METHODS: PREDICT (Patient characteristics in REnal cell carcinoma and Daily practICe Treatment with sorafenib) was a prospective, noninterventional study of open-label sorafenib for the treatment of advanced RCC conducted in 18 countries. Patient characteristics, therapy duration, tumor status, and tolerability were assessed at baseline and during routine follow-up. RESULTS: Overall, 2599 patients were evaluable for safety and 2311 for efficacy. The diverse population included patients with brain metastases (5%), non-clear-cell histologies (17%), high Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center risk score (11%), poor Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (PS ≥ 2, 29%), and patients with no previous nephrectomy (16%) or no previous systemic therapy (37%). The median duration of sorafenib therapy was 7.3 months and was similar in clinically relevant subgroups (eg, patients with PS 2, brain metastases, or concomitant hypertension or diabetes [range, 6.7-7.0 months]). The median duration of therapy was shorter for patients with PS 3 or non-clear-cell histologies (4.6 and 4.8 months, respectively). The most common drug-related adverse events were hand-foot skin reaction (20%), diarrhea (17%), and rash (8%). CONCLUSION: Sorafenib was generally well tolerated and provided clinical benefit in a large, diverse population of patients with advanced RCC treated in routine clinical practice.
- MeSH
- ambulantní zařízení MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- fenylmočovinové sloučeniny aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- karcinom z renálních buněk farmakoterapie etnologie patologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metastázy nádorů MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- nádory ledvin farmakoterapie etnologie patologie MeSH
- niacinamid aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky analogy a deriváty terapeutické užití MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- protinádorové látky aplikace a dávkování škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
BACKGROUND: In patients with untreated metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), progression-free survival (PFS) was longer with bevacizumab + interferon (IFN)-alpha than IFN + placebo (AVOREN trial). In this hypothesis-generating study, subgroup analysis was carried out to determine the effect of IFN dose reduction. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 649 patients received IFN 9 MIU s.c. three times weekly plus bevacizumab 10 mg/kg or placebo every 2 weeks until disease progression. The IFN dose was reduced to 6 or 3 MIU with the development of IFN-attributed toxicity. Differences between treatment arms in PFS, response rate and tolerability were analysed in the reduced-dose group. RESULTS: IFN dose was reduced in 131 patients in the bevacizumab + IFN arm and 97 patients in the IFN + placebo arm during the trial. PFS rates in the bevacizumab + reduced-dose IFN group were comparable with the total population (Kaplan-Meier estimates of event-free rate at 1 year: 0.524 versus 0.427). Bevacizumab + reduced-dose IFN was well tolerated, with substantial decreases in the rate of adverse events following dose reduction. CONCLUSION: This retrospective subgroup analysis suggests that the dose of IFN can be reduced to manage side-effects while maintaining efficacy in patients with mRCC receiving bevacizumab + IFN.
- MeSH
- dvojitá slepá metoda MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- inhibitory angiogeneze aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- interferon alfa aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- karcinom z renálních buněk farmakoterapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metastázy nádorů MeSH
- monoklonální protilátky aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- nádory ledvin farmakoterapie MeSH
- přežití bez známek nemoci MeSH
- protokoly protinádorové kombinované chemoterapie terapeutické užití MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- klinické zkoušky MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
