This study investigated the effect of continuous passive motion (CPM) initiated after the onset of arthritis in rats. Rats were injected with 3 % kaolin/carrageenan in the knee joint and randomized to the control, immobilization (IM), or CPM group. The knee joints of the IM and CPM groups were immobilized with a cast for 56 days. In the CPM group, CPM exercise was administered for 60 min/day (6 times/week). Joint transverse diameter and pressure pain threshold (PPT) were assessed as indicators of inflammation, and paw withdrawal response (PWR) was assessed as indicator of secondary hyperalgesia. Central sensitization was analyzed by measuring calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) expression levels in the spinal dorsal horn. In the CPM group, the PPT was significantly increased compared with the IM group from 14 to 35 days, and PWR was significantly decreased from 14 to 56 days. Additionally, CGRP expression in the super facial layer (I-II) of the spinal dorsal horn (L4-5) in the CPM group was significantly decreased compared with the IM group. Our study found the CPM initiated after the onset of arthritis promoted the recovery of inflammation and mitigated secondary hyperalgesia.
- MeSH
- artritida komplikace MeSH
- bolest etiologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- fyzické omezení MeSH
- hyperalgezie etiologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- náhodné rozdělení MeSH
- pasivní pohybová terapie CPM * MeSH
- peptid spojený s genem pro kalcitonin metabolismus MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- práh bolesti MeSH
- rozsah kloubních pohybů MeSH
- zadní rohy míšní metabolismus MeSH
- zánět etiologie terapie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- hodnotící studie MeSH
The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of heat treatment on glucocorticoid (GC)-induced myopathy. Eight-week-old Wistar rats were randomly assigned to the control, Dex, and Dex + Heat groups. Dexamethasone (2 mg/kg) was injected subcutaneously 6 days per week for 2 weeks in the Dex and Dex + Heat group. In the Dex + Heat group, heat treatment was performed by immersing hindlimbs in water at 42 °C for 60 min, once every 3 days for 2 weeks. The extensor digitorum longus muscle was extracted following 2 weeks of experimentation. In the Dex + Heat group, muscle fiber diameter, capillary/muscle fiber ratio, and level of heat shock protein 72 were significantly higher and atrogene expression levels were significantly lower than in the Dex group. Our results suggest that heat treatment inhibits the development of GC-induced myopathy by decreasing atrogene expression and increasing angiogenesis.
- MeSH
- dexamethason škodlivé účinky MeSH
- glukokortikoidy škodlivé účinky MeSH
- kosterní svalová vlákna metabolismus patologie MeSH
- náhodné rozdělení MeSH
- nemoci svalů chemicky indukované komplikace metabolismus prevence a kontrola MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- proteinligasy komplexu SCF metabolismus MeSH
- proteiny tepelného šoku HSP72 metabolismus MeSH
- svalová atrofie etiologie metabolismus prevence a kontrola MeSH
- svalové proteiny metabolismus MeSH
- synthasa oxidu dusnatého, typ III metabolismus MeSH
- vaskulární endoteliální růstový faktor A metabolismus MeSH
- vysoká teplota terapeutické užití MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- hodnotící studie MeSH
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of hyperglycemia on skeletal muscle recovery following disuse-induced muscle atrophy in rats. Wistar rats were grouped as streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and non-diabetic rats. Both ankle joints of each rat were immobilized to induce atrophy of the gastrocnemius muscles. After two weeks of immobilization and an additional two weeks of recovery, tail blood and gastrocnemius muscles were isolated. Serial cross sections of muscles were stained for myosin ATPase (pH 4.5) and alkaline phosphatase activity. Serum insulin and muscle insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels were also measured. Serum insulin levels were significantly reduced in the diabetic rats compared to the non-diabetic controls. The diameters of type I, IIa, and IIb myofibers and capillary-to-myofiber ratio in the isolated muscle tissue were decreased after immobilization in both treatments. During the recovery period, these parameters were restored in the non-diabetic rats, but not in the diabetic rats. In addition, muscle IGF-1 levels after recovery increased significantly in the non-diabetic rats, but not in the diabetic rats. We conclude that decreased levels of insulin and IGF-1 and impairment of angiogenesis associated with diabetes might be partly responsible for the inhibition of regrowth in diabetic muscle.
- MeSH
- atrofie MeSH
- experimentální diabetes mellitus metabolismus patologie MeSH
- hyperglykemie patologie MeSH
- insulinu podobný růstový faktor I metabolismus MeSH
- inzulin krev MeSH
- kapiláry patologie ultrastruktura MeSH
- kosterní svalová vlákna patologie ultrastruktura MeSH
- kosterní svaly patologie MeSH
- krevní glukóza metabolismus MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- svalové atrofie patologie MeSH
- tělesná hmotnost účinky léků MeSH
- vaskulární endoteliální růstový faktor A metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Our aim was to investigate the influence of microgravity on the sensitivity of the skin to mechanical stimulation, epidermal thickness, peripheral nerve density in the upper dermis, and serum levels of a stress marker in a rat hindlimb suspension (HS) model. Thirty 8-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: HS, n=10; sham HS, n=10; control, n=10. The suspension system was attached to rat tails in both the HS and sham-HS groups, but the hindlimbs were suspended only in the HS group. The HS and sham-HS groups were treated for 4 weeks. In behavioral tests using von-Frey filaments (n=5 in each group), mechanical hypersensitivity developed in the HS and sham HS groups. Serum corticosterone levels increased significantly in the HS and sham HS groups compared to the control group, and no changes in epidermal thickness or peripheral nerve density were observed immediately after the removal of HS (n=5 in each group). These data indicated that the mechanical hypersensitivity observed in the HS group was not caused by microgravity or inactivity, but rather by restraint stress. We suggest that microgravity does not affect skin sensitivity and histology in these animals. Unit of Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biochemical Sciences, Nagasaki-shi, Japan.
- MeSH
- biologické markery krev MeSH
- bolest krev etiologie patofyziologie MeSH
- buněčný převod mechanických signálů * MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- chování zvířat MeSH
- epidermis patologie MeSH
- kortikosteron krev MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- kůže inervace patologie MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- percepce bolesti MeSH
- periferní nervy metabolismus patofyziologie MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- práh bolesti MeSH
- reakční čas MeSH
- thiolesterasa ubikvitinu metabolismus MeSH
- tlak MeSH
- zadní končetina - imobilizace * MeSH
- zadní končetina MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
This study was designed to investigate histological changes in skin tissue accompanying immobilization-induced hypersensitivity. Changes in mechanical sensitivity, epidermal thickness, and peripheral nerve profiles in the upper dermis were examined in glabrous skin of rat hind paw after 1, 2, and 4 weeks of ankle joint immobilization by plaster casts. Induction of mechanical hypersensitivity was confirmed after 2 and 4 weeks of joint immobilization. Epidermal thinning and increase in peripheral nerve profiles were observed in skin tissues in immobilized rats. The time course of epidermal thinning and increase in peripheral nerve profiles were similar closely to that of hypersensitivity, with significant differences between the immobilized and control rats after 2 weeks of immobilization, which became even more remarkable at 4 weeks of immobilization. These findings suggest that joint immobilization by cast induces epidermal thinning and increases peripheral nerve profiles in the upper dermis and that these changes might be partly responsible for immobilization-induced hypersensitivity.
- MeSH
- epidermis inervace patologie MeSH
- fyzické omezení MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- mechanický stres MeSH
- periferní nervy fyziologie MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- zadní končetina MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- Poliovirus genetika patogenita MeSH
