Football (soccer) is very popular among children. Little is known about risk factors for football injuries in children. The aim was to analyze potential injury risk factors in 7- to 12-year-old players. We collected prospective data in Switzerland and the Czech Republic over two seasons. Coaches reported exposure of players (in hours), absence, and injury data via an Internet-based registration system. We analyzed time-to-injury data with extended Cox models accounting for correlations on team- and intra-person levels. We analyzed injury risk in relation to age, sex, playing position, preferred foot, and regarding age-independent body height, body mass, and BMI. Further, we analyzed injury risk in relation to playing surface. In total, 6038 player seasons with 395 295 hours of football exposure were recorded and 417 injuries occurred. Injury risk increased by 46% (Hazard Ratio 1.46 [1.35; 1.58]; P < .001) per year of life. Left-footed players had a higher injury risk (Hazard Ratio 1.53 [1.07; 2.19]; P = .02) for training injuries compared to right-footed players. Injury risk was increased in age-adjusted taller players (higher percentile rank). Higher match-training ratios were associated with a lower risk of match injuries. Injury risk was increased on artificial turf (Rate Ratio 1.39 [1.12; 1.73]; P < .001) and lower during indoor sessions (Rate Ratio 0.68 [0.52; 0.88]; P < .001) compared to natural grass. Age is known as a risk factor in older players and was confirmed to be a risk factor in children's football. Playing surface and leg dominance have also been discussed previously as risk factors. Differences in injury risks in relation to sex should be investigated in the future.

• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• fotbal zranění   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• proporcionální rizikové modely MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• sportovní úrazy epidemiologie   MeSH
• věkové faktory MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Švýcarsko MeSH

The use of structural autografts from the iliac crest for reconstruction of bony defects in the hand and foot was described by Wilson and Lance in 1965. However, very few series of this technique are published and long-term results are unknown. We present a single-institution series of 23 patients with a mean follow-up of 92 months. We also describe a novel modification of this technique using the anterior superior iliac spine for reconstruction of the adjacent joint. Failure rate was 13% at mean of 17.3 months. All patients had a firm grip in the hand and walked without support. Bony fusion was achieved in all cases regardless of the type of fixation used. The use of ASIS for joint reconstruction was successful, particularly in low-demand joints. We encountered 1 case of instability and progressive stiffness in weight-bearing joints. This is a reliable method of reconstructing bony defects in the hand or foot following tumor resections.

• MeSH
• artroplastika škodlivé účinky   metody   MeSH
• autologní štěp MeSH
• chůze MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• klouby nohy (od hlezna dolů) diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• klouby ruky diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• nádory kostí diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• nemoci nohy (od hlezna dolů) diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• os ilium transplantace   MeSH
• radiografie MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• ruka diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• síla ruky MeSH
• zákroky plastické chirurgie škodlivé účinky   metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to provide a morphologic description of the distal femur and to determine whether there are any gender differences in the shape that might have an important consequence for the design of a femoral component of a total knee prosthesis. METHODS: Anthropometric data on the distal femur of 200 normal knees were obtained using two-dimensional MRI measurements. In all 18 parameters of the distal femur were measured including the anteroposterior (AP) dimension of femoral condyles, the mediolateral (ML) width of the distal femur at four levels, and the AP dimension and ML width of the trochlea. The aspect ratios between the AP and ML dimensions were calculated to determine whether there is a shape difference between genders. RESULTS: The female distal femur is significantly smaller in all measured parameters. The mean AP/ML aspect ratio of the female distal femur is significantly larger (p<0.05) at all measured ML levels except that of the anterior edge of the anterior chamfer. The AP dimensions of both the medial and lateral trochlea were significantly greater in men (p<0.001), but AP/ML aspect ratio did not differ between genders. CONCLUSIONS: We have found that although the female distal femur is relatively narrower (larger AP/ML aspect ratio) than the male in three of the four measured levels, there is no significant difference between genders at the level of the anterior edge of the anterior chamfer. It is at this level that it has been suggested that impingement between soft tissues and an overhanging prosthesis is most likely to be painful. Equally, there were no gender-related differences in the shape of the trochlea. These data therefore do not support the provision of narrow femoral components for TKA for women.

• MeSH
• antropometrie MeSH
• artróza kolenních kloubů chirurgie   MeSH
• bolest chirurgie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• femur anatomie a histologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• kolenní kloub chirurgie   MeSH
• koleno chirurgie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody   MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• pohlavní dimorfismus * MeSH
• protézy kolene MeSH
• totální endoprotéza kolene metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH