Celiac disease (CD) is the most common autoimmune enteropathy in the western world caused by the intolerance to gluten in genetically predisposed individuals. CD is characterized by a remarkable rearrangement of the mucosal architecture, in which process myofibroblasts play a crucial role. Myofibroblasts (intestinal subepithelial myofibroblasts and interstitial cells of Cajal) are the most represented mesenchymal cell types in the gut mucosa and are involved in a broad range of biological processes including growth, mucosal protection, repair, inflammation and fibrosis. Myofibroblasts actively contribute to the mucosal changes in CD due to their ability to produce an excessive amount of extracellular matrix and basement membrane components (e.g. collagens, fibronectin, and specific enzymes including tissue transglutaminases) and through the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs). The enhanced production of ECM components and MMPs and the altered shape and motility of myofibroblasts in the duodenal mucosa of patients with CD suggest that myofibroblasts may play an essential role in the pathogenesis of CD.

• MeSH
• celiakie * enzymologie   patologie   MeSH
• duodenum enzymologie   patologie   sekrece   MeSH
• extracelulární matrix imunologie   sekrece   MeSH
• fibroblasty enzymologie   fyziologie   patologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• matrixové metaloproteinasy imunologie   MeSH
• myofibroblasty enzymologie   fyziologie   patologie   MeSH
• střevní sliznice * enzymologie   patologie   sekrece   MeSH
• transglutaminasy imunologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Microbiome is the community of commensal, symbiotic and pathogenic microorganism that share our human body space. Intestinal microbiota has a defensive role in human health, it is implicated in metabolic and nutritional processes and plays an important role in the pathophysiology of several diseases. In recent years special attention has been paid to investigations targeting the changes of intestinal microbiome in various gastrointestinal disorders including inflammatory bowel disease, infectious colitis and celiac disease (CD). The aim of our present review is to summarize the role of the microbiome in CD and the changes of its composition in the intestine of patients suffering from CD.

• MeSH
• celiakie * imunologie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikrobiota imunologie   MeSH
• střevní sliznice * imunologie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Coeliac disease (CD) or gluten sensitive enteropathy is one of the most common inflammatory diseases of the small intestine with estimated prevalence of 1% in the population. Its incidence is increasing and seems to be higher than expected in the pediatric population associated with unfavorable impact on the quality of life. The aim of the present review is to highlight the main triggering factors leading to the development of CD and its pathomechanism with a special outlook to the recent therapeutic approaches.

• MeSH
• adaptivní imunita MeSH
• autoimunitní nemoci MeSH
• bezlepková dieta MeSH
• celiakie * etiologie   imunologie   patofyziologie   terapie   MeSH
• genetická predispozice k nemoci MeSH
• gliadin imunologie   MeSH
• HLA-DQ antigeny MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• přirozená imunita MeSH
• střevní sliznice * imunologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• úvodní články MeSH