The cultivar-dependent differences in Brassica napus L. seed yield are significantly affected by drought stress. Here, the response of leaf proteome to long-term drought (28days) was studied in cultivars (cvs): Californium (C), Cadeli (D), Navajo (N), and Viking (V). Analysis of twenty-four 2-D DIGE gels revealed 134 spots quantitatively changed at least 2-fold; from these, 79 proteins were significantly identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF. According to the differences in water use, the cultivars may be assigned to two categories: water-savers or water-spenders. In the water-savers group (cvs C+D), proteins related to nitrogen assimilation, ATP and redox homeostasis were increased under stress, while in the water-spenders category (cvs N+V), carbohydrate/energy, photosynthesis, stress related and rRNA processing proteins were increased upon stress. Taking all data together, we indicated cv C as a drought-adaptable water-saver, cv D as a medium-adaptable water-saver, cv N as a drought-adaptable water-spender, and cv V as a low-adaptable drought sensitive water-spender rapeseed. Proteomic data help to evaluate the impact of drought and the extent of genotype-based adaptability and contribute to the understanding of their plasticity. These results provide new insights into the provenience-based drought acclimation/adaptation strategy of contrasting winter rapeseeds and link data at gasometric, biochemical, and proteome level. SIGNIFICANCE: Soil moisture deficit is a real problem for every crop. The data in this study demonstrates for the first time that in stem-prolongation phase cultivars respond to progressive drought in different ways and at different levels. Analysis of physiological and proteomic data showed two different water regime-related strategies: water-savers and spenders. However, not only water uptake rate itself, but also individual protein abundances, gasometric and biochemical parameters together with final biomass accumulation after stress explained genotype-based responses. Interestingly, under a mixed climate profile, both water-use patterns (savers or spenders) can be appropriate for drought adaptation. These data suggest, than complete "acclimation image" of rapeseeds in stem-prolongation phase under drought could be reached only if these characteristics are taken, explained and understood together.
- MeSH
- 2D gelová elektroforéza MeSH
- Brassica rapa chemie fyziologie MeSH
- fyziologická adaptace MeSH
- fyziologický stres MeSH
- období sucha * MeSH
- proteomika metody MeSH
- rostlinné proteiny analýza MeSH
- tandemová hmotnostní spektrometrie MeSH
- voda metabolismus MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Fusarium head blight (FHB) disease adversely affects grain quality and final yield in small-grain cereals including barley. In the present study, the effect of an artificial infection with Fusarium culmorum and an application of deoxynivalenol (DON) on barley spikes of cultivars Chevron and Pedant during flowering was investigated at grain mid-dough stage (BBCH 73) 10days after pathogen inoculation (10 dai). Proteomic analysis using a two-dimensional differential gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) technique coupled with LC-MS/MS investigated 98 protein spots revealing quantitative or qualitative differences between the experimental variants. Protein functional annotation of 93 identified protein spots revealed that most affected functional groups represent storage proteins (globulins, hordeins), followed by proteins involved in carbohydrate metabolism (α-amylase inhibitor, β-amylase, glycolytic enzymes), amino acid metabolism (aminotransferases), defence response (chitinase, xylanase inhibitor, serpins, SGT1, universal stress protein USP), protein folding (chaperones, chaperonins), redox metabolism (ascorbate-glutathione cycle), and proteasome-dependent protein degradation. The obtained results indicate adverse effects of infection on plant proteome as well as an active plant response to pathogen as shown by enhanced levels of several inhibitors of pathogen-produced degradation enzymes (α-amylase inhibitor, xylanase inhibitor, serpins), chaperones, and other stress-related proteins (SGT1, USP). Genotypic differences were found in hordein abundance between Chevron and Pedant.
We investigated pathogens in the parasitic honeybee mite Varroa destructor using nanoLC-MS/MS (TripleTOF) and 2D-E-MS/MS proteomics approaches supplemented with affinity-chromatography to concentrate trace target proteins. Peptides were detected from the currently uncharacterized Varroa destructor Macula-like virus (VdMLV), the deformed wing virus (DWV)-complex and the acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV). Peptide alignments revealed detection of complete structural DWV-complex block VP2-VP1-VP3, VDV-1 helicase and single-amino-acid substitution A/K/Q in VP1, the ABPV structural block VP1-VP4-VP2-VP3 including uncleaved VP4/VP2, and VdMLV coat protein. Isoforms of viral structural proteins of highest abundance were localized via 2D-E. The presence of all types of capsid/coat proteins of a particular virus suggested the presence of virions in Varroa. Also, matches between the MWs of viral structural proteins on 2D-E and their theoretical MWs indicated that viruses were not digested. The absence/scarce detection of non-structural proteins compared with high-abundance structural proteins suggest that the viruses did not replicate in the mite; hence, virions accumulate in the Varroa gut via hemolymph feeding. Hemolymph feeding also resulted in the detection of a variety of honeybee proteins. The advantages of MS-based proteomics for pathogen detection, false-positive pathogen detection, virus replication, posttranslational modifications, and the presence of honeybee proteins in Varroa are discussed.
- MeSH
- chromatografie kapalinová MeSH
- databáze genetické MeSH
- interakce hostitele a patogenu * MeSH
- proteom * MeSH
- proteomika * metody MeSH
- tandemová hmotnostní spektrometrie MeSH
- Varroidae virologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Abiotic stress factors, especially low temperatures, drought, and salinity, represent the major constraints limiting agricultural production in temperate climate. Under the conditions of global climate change, the risk of damaging effects of abiotic stresses on crop production increases. Plant stress response represents an active process aimed at an establishment of novel homeostasis under altered environmental conditions. Proteins play a crucial role in plant stress response since they are directly involved in shaping the final phenotype. In the review, results of proteomic studies focused on stress response of major crops grown in temperate climate including cereals: common wheat (Triticum aestivum), durum wheat (Triticum durum), barley (Hordeum vulgare), maize (Zea mays); leguminous plants: alfalfa (Medicago sativa), soybean (Glycine max), common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), pea (Pisum sativum); oilseed rape (Brassica napus); potato (Solanum tuberosum); tobacco (Nicotiana tabaccum); tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum); and others, to a wide range of abiotic stresses (cold, drought, salinity, heat, imbalances in mineral nutrition and heavy metals) are summarized. The dynamics of changes in various protein functional groups including signaling and regulatory proteins, transcription factors, proteins involved in protein metabolism, amino acid metabolism, metabolism of several stress-related compounds, proteins with chaperone and protective functions as well as structural proteins (cell wall components, cytoskeleton) are briefly overviewed. Attention is paid to the differences found between differentially tolerant genotypes. In addition, proteomic studies aimed at proteomic investigation of multiple stress factors are discussed. In conclusion, contribution of proteomic studies to understanding the complexity of crop response to abiotic stresses as well as possibilities to identify and utilize protein markers in crop breeding processes are discussed.
- MeSH
- biologická adaptace * genetika MeSH
- biologické markery MeSH
- fyziologický stres * genetika MeSH
- genotyp MeSH
- proteom * MeSH
- proteomika * metody MeSH
- rostlinné proteiny genetika metabolismus MeSH
- zemědělské plodiny genetika metabolismus MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Five winter oilseed rape cultivars (Benefit, Californium, Cortes, Ladoga, Navajo) were subjected to 30 days of cold treatment (4 °C) to examine the effect of cold on acquired frost tolerance (FT), dehydrin (DHN) content, and photosynthesis-related parameters. The main aim of this study was to determine whether there are relationships between FT (expressed as LT50 values) and the other parameters measured in the cultivars. While the cultivar Benefit accumulated two types of DHNs (D45 and D35), the other cultivars accumulated three additional DHNs (D97, D47, and D37). The similar-sized DHNs (D45 and D47) were the most abundant; the others exhibited significantly lower accumulations. The highest correlations were detected between LT50 and DHN accumulation (r=-0.815), intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi; r=-0.643), net photosynthetic rate (r=-0.628), stomatal conductance (r=0.511), and intracellular/intercellular CO2 concentration (r=0.505). Those cultivars that exhibited higher Pn rate in cold (and further a significant increase in WUEi) had higher levels of DHNs and also higher FT. No significant correlation was observed between LT50 and E, PRI, or NDVI. Overall, we have shown the selected physiological parameters to be able to distinguish different FT cultivars of winter oilseed rape.
- MeSH
- aklimatizace MeSH
- analýza hlavních komponent MeSH
- analýza rozptylu MeSH
- Brassica napus fyziologie MeSH
- fotosyntéza fyziologie MeSH
- fyziologická adaptace * MeSH
- roční období * MeSH
- rostlinné proteiny metabolismus MeSH
- voda fyziologie MeSH
- zmrazování * MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
A proteomic response to cold treatment (4 °C) has been studied in crowns of a frost-tolerant winter wheat cultivar Samanta and a frost-sensitive spring wheat cultivar Sandra after short-term (3 days) and long-term (21 days) cold treatments. Densitometric analysis of 2-D differential in gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) gels has resulted in the detection of 386 differentially abundant protein spots, which reveal at least a two-fold change between experimental variants. Of these, 58 representative protein spots have been selected for MALDI-TOF/TOF identification, and 36 proteins have been identified. The identified proteins with an increased relative abundance upon cold in both growth habits include proteins involved in carbohydrate catabolism (glycolysis enzymes), redox metabolism (thioredoxin-dependent peroxidase), chaperones, as well as defense-related proteins (protein revealing similarity to thaumatin). Proteins exhibiting a cold-induced increase in the winter cultivar include proteins involved in regulation of stress response and development (germin E, lectin VER2), while proteins showing a cold-induced increase in the spring cultivar include proteins involved in restoration of cell division and plant growth (eIF5A2, glycine-rich RNA-binding protein, adenine phosphoribosyltransferase). These results provide new insights into cold acclimation in spring and winter wheat at the proteome level and enrich our previous work aimed at phytohormone dynamics in the same plant material.
- MeSH
- 2D gelová elektroforéza MeSH
- analýza hlavních komponent MeSH
- analýza rozptylu MeSH
- biologická adaptace genetika fyziologie MeSH
- denzitometrie MeSH
- druhová specificita MeSH
- fyziologický stres genetika MeSH
- nízká teplota * MeSH
- proteomika MeSH
- pšenice genetika růst a vývoj metabolismus MeSH
- regulace genové exprese u rostlin genetika fyziologie MeSH
- rostlinné proteiny genetika metabolismus MeSH
- shluková analýza MeSH
- spektrometrie hmotnostní - ionizace laserem za účasti matrice MeSH
- výpočetní biologie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
Winter barley is an economically important cereal crop grown in higher latitudes and altitudes where low temperatures represent an important environmental constraint limiting crop productivity. In this study changes in proteome of leaves and crowns in a frost tolerant winter barley cv. Luxor in relation to short and long term periods of cold followed by a brief frost treatment were studied in order to disclose proteins responsible for the cold hardening process in distinct plant tissues. The mentioned changes have been monitored using two dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) with subsequent peptide-mapping protein identification. Regarding approximately 600-700 distinct protein spots detected on 2D gels, there has been found at least a two-fold change after exposure to low temperatures in about 10% of proteins in leaves and 13% of proteins in crowns. Protein and nitrogen metabolic processes have been influenced by low temperature to a similar extent in both tissues while catabolism, carbohydrate metabolism and proteins involved in stress response have been more affected in crowns than in leaves. The range of changes in protein abundance was generally higher in leaves and chloroplast proteins were frequently affected which suggests a priority to protect photosynthetic apparatus. Overall, our data proved existence of slightly different response strategies to low temperature stress in crowns and leaves, i.e., tissues with different biological role. Moreover, there have been found several proteins with large increase in accumulation, e.g., 33 kDa oxygen evolving protein of photosystem II in leaves and "enhanced disease susceptibility 1" in crowns; these proteins might have potential to indicate an enhanced level of frost tolerance in barley.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The review is focused on plant proteome response to salinity with respect to physiological aspects of plant salt stress response. The attention is paid to both osmotic and ionic effects of salinity stress on plants with respect to several protein functional groups. Therefore, the role of individual proteins involved in signalling, changes in gene expression, protein biosynthesis and degradation and the resulting changes in protein relative abundance in proteins involved in energy metabolism, redox metabolism, stress- and defence-related proteins, osmolyte metabolism, phytohormone, lipid and secondary metabolism, mechanical stress-related proteins as well as protein posttranslational modifications are discussed. Differences between salt-sensitive (glycophytes) and salt-tolerant (halophytes) plants are analysed with respect to differential salinity tolerance. In conclusion, contribution of proteomic studies to understanding plant salinity tolerance is summarised and discussed.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Hormonal changes accompanying the cold stress (4°C) response that are related to the level of frost tolerance (FT; measured as LT50) and the content of the most abundant dehydrin, WCS120, were compared in the leaves and crowns of the winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. Samanta and the spring wheat cv. Sandra. The characteristic feature of the alarm phase (1 day) response was a rapid elevation of abscisic acid (ABA) and an increase of protective proteins (dehydrin WCS120). This response was faster and stronger in winter wheat, where it coincided with the downregulation of bioactive cytokinins and auxin as well as enhanced deactivation of gibberellins, indicating rapid suppression of growth. Next, the ethylene precursor aminocyclopropane carboxylic acid was quickly upregulated. After 3-7 days of cold exposure, plant adaptation to the low temperature was correlated with a decrease in ABA and elevation of growth-promoting hormones (cytokinins, auxin and gibberellins). The content of other stress hormones, i.e., salicylic acid and jasmonic acid, also began to increase. After prolonged cold exposure (21 days), a resistance phase occurred. The winter cultivar exhibited substantially enhanced FT, which was associated with a decline in bioactive cytokinins and auxin. The inability of the spring cultivar to further increase its FT was correlated with maintenance of a relatively higher cytokinin and auxin content, which was achieved during the acclimation period.
- MeSH
- aklimatizace MeSH
- analýza hlavních komponent MeSH
- elektroforéza v polyakrylamidovém gelu MeSH
- listy rostlin enzymologie MeSH
- nízká teplota MeSH
- oxidoreduktasy metabolismus MeSH
- pšenice fyziologie MeSH
- regulátory růstu rostlin metabolismus MeSH
- roční období MeSH
- rostlinné proteiny metabolismus MeSH
- zmrazování MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
