Production of carotenoids with red yeasts is a promising area of industrial biotechnology. All spectrophotometrical ("classic") analyses of carotenoids are based on preliminary extraction of the water-insoluble carotenoids; thus, these analyses are precise but complicated and time consuming. This paper presents a simple method to evaluate the red-colored carotenoids in yeast biomass by its color, without extraction. The method is based on digital characteristics of the biomass whole coloring, and it has already been successfully applied in other areas of biology: to compare plant and animal objects. In contrast to spectrophotometry measuring the amount of light that can pass through a solution, the biomass photo is a reflected color of the insoluble compounds. Application of this method to microorganisms permitted to compare the yeast strains and the effects of substrates or culturing regimes for any change in the red-colored pigments. The proposed rapid method was compared with the classic analyses of the carotenoids and showed that evaluation of red-colored carotenoids by the whole coloring of biomass can be used to discover changes in the yeast carotenoid production. In whole, the paper contributes method which is new for pigmented microorganisms and has a potential application in biotechnology.
- MeSH
- biomasa * MeSH
- biotechnologie trendy MeSH
- fotografování MeSH
- karotenoidy * analýza chemie MeSH
- kvasinky * chemie MeSH
- spektrofotometrie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Yeasts Cryptococcus humicola accumulated cadmium, cobalt, and iron (~ 50, 17, and 4% of the content in the medium, respectively) from the medium containing glucose, phosphate, and 2 mmol/L of metal salts. The effects of metal absorption on the levels of orthophosphate (Pi) and inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) varied for the metals under study. The levels of Pi and polyP increased in the case of cadmium and cobalt, respectively. In the case of iron, no changes in the levels of Pi and polyP were observed. Multiple DAPI-stained polyP inclusions were observed in the cytoplasm of cadmium-containing cells. The intensity of DAPI staining of the cell wall especially increased in case of cobalt and iron accumulation.
- MeSH
- biomasa MeSH
- Cryptococcus metabolismus MeSH
- dusík metabolismus MeSH
- kadmium chemie metabolismus farmakokinetika MeSH
- kobalt chemie metabolismus farmakokinetika MeSH
- polyfosfáty chemie metabolismus farmakokinetika MeSH
- sorpční detoxikace MeSH
- železo chemie metabolismus farmakokinetika MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
