Rapanea melanophloeos, an important canopy tree in Afromontane forests, is commonly utilised for medicinal bark harvesting. Wounds created from these activities provide entrance for many fungi, including arthropod-associated members of the Ophiostomatales and Microascales (ophiostomatoid fungi). In this study we assessed the diversity of wound-associated Ophiostomatales on storm-damaged R. melanophloeos trees in the Afromontane forests of South Africa. Five species were identified based on micro-morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses. These included Ophiostoma stenoceras and four newly described taxa Sporothrix itsvo sp. nov., S. rapaneae sp. nov., S. uta sp. nov. and O. noisomeae sp. nov. Four of these are members of the S. schenckii-O. stenoceras complex (O. stenoceras, S. itsvo sp. nov., S. rapaneae sp. nov., S. uta sp. nov.) while O. noisomeae groups basal in the Ophiostomatales alongside the S. lignivora complex and Graphilbum. In addition to other taxa known from this host, the present study shows that there is a rich, yet still poorly explored, diversity of Ophiostomatales associated with R. melanophloeos in Afromontane forests. More taxa are likely to be discovered with increased research effort. These must be assessed in terms of pathogenicity towards this ecologically and economically important tree.
- MeSH
- biodiverzita MeSH
- DNA fungální genetika MeSH
- ekosystém MeSH
- fungální RNA genetika MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- mezerníky ribozomální DNA MeSH
- nemoci rostlin mikrobiologie MeSH
- Ophiostomatales klasifikace genetika růst a vývoj izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Primulaceae mikrobiologie MeSH
- RNA ribozomální genetika MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Jihoafrická republika MeSH
At present, there is no relevant information on arbuscular mycorrhiza and the effect of the symbiosis on the growth of wild populations of cyclamens. To fill this gap, two populations of Cyclamen purpurascens subsp. immaculatum, endemic in Nízke Tatry (NT) mountains and Veľká Fatra (VF) mountains, Slovakia, were studied in situ as well as in a greenhouse pot experiment. For both populations, mycorrhizal root colonization of native plants was assessed, and mycorrhizal inoculation potential (MIP) of the soils at the two sites was determined in 3 consecutive years. In the greenhouse experiment, the growth response of cyclamens to cross-inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) was tested: plants from both sites were grown in their native soils and inoculated with a Septoglomus constrictum isolate originating either from the same or from the other plant locality. Although the MIP of soil at the NT site was significantly higher than at the VF site, the level of AMF root colonization of C. purpurascens subsp. immaculatum plants in the field did not significantly differ between the two localities. In the greenhouse experiment, inoculation with AMF generally accelerated cyclamen growth and significantly increased all growth parameters (shoot dry weight, leaf number and area, number of flowers, tuber, and root dry weight) and P uptake. The two populations of C. purpurascens subsp. immaculatum grown in their native soils, however, differed in their response to inoculation. The mycorrhizal growth response of NT plants was one-order higher compared to VF plants, and all their measured growth parameters were stimulated regardless of the fungal isolates' origin. In the VF plants, only the non-native (NT originating) isolate showed a significant positive effect on several growth traits. It can be concluded that mycorrhiza significantly increased fitness of C. purpurascens subsp. immaculatum, despite the differences between plant populations, implying that AMF symbionts should be taken into account in conservation programs of this endemic plant.
- MeSH
- Cyclamen růst a vývoj mikrobiologie MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- kořeny rostlin mikrobiologie MeSH
- mykorhiza genetika růst a vývoj izolace a purifikace fyziologie MeSH
- půdní mikrobiologie MeSH
- symbióza MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika MeSH
- MeSH
- antihistaminika terapeutické užití MeSH
- benzochinony toxicita MeSH
- Cyclamen chemie růst a vývoj škodlivé účinky toxicita MeSH
- hormony kůry nadledvin terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- otrava rostlinami ošetřování terapie MeSH
- Primula chemie růst a vývoj škodlivé účinky toxicita MeSH
- saponiny toxicita MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- LYSIMACHIA NUMMULARIA,
- MeSH
- anamnéza MeSH
- bolest MeSH
- Cyclamen MeSH
- depresivní poruchy MeSH
- farmakopea homeopatická jako téma MeSH
- homeopatie metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
