Obtaining a complex picture of how pollutants synergistically influence toxicity of a system requires statistical correlation of chemical and ecotoxicological data. In this study, we determined concentrations of eight potentially toxic metals (PTMs) and four groups of organic pollutants in 15 sewage sludge and 12 river sediment samples, then linked measured contaminant concentrations to the toxicity of each matrix through constrained correspondence analysis (CCA). In sludge samples, Hg, As, hexachlorohexane (HCH), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) influenced the toxicity profiles, with the first four having significant effects and HBCD being marginally significant. In sediment samples, Hg, As, PBDEs, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), HBCD, HCH and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were found to explain toxicity profiles with Hg, As, PBDEs, HCB, DDT, HBCD, and HCH having significant effects and PAHs being marginally significant. Interestingly, HCH was present in small amounts yet proved to have a significant impact on toxicity. To the contrary, PAHs were often present in high amounts, yet proved to be only marginally significant for sediment toxicity. These results indicate that statistical correlation of chemical and ecotoxicological data can provide more detailed understanding of the role played by specific pollutants in shaping toxicity of sludge and sediments.
- MeSH
- chemické látky znečišťující vodu toxicita MeSH
- chromatografie plynová MeSH
- geologické sedimenty * MeSH
- halogenované difenylethery chemie toxicita MeSH
- kořeny rostlin účinky léků růst a vývoj MeSH
- monitorování životního prostředí MeSH
- odpadní vody škodlivé účinky MeSH
- polycyklické aromatické uhlovodíky toxicita MeSH
- řeky MeSH
- salát (hlávkový) účinky léků růst a vývoj MeSH
- těžké kovy toxicita MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Tonutí stále patří k závažným problémům pediatrické intenzivní péče. Autoři popisují tonutí 2letého chlapce v biologicky kontaminované vodě. Prognóza dítěte byla velmi nepříznivá, došlo k rozvoji extrémní acidózy, podchlazení < 30 °C a těžkému plicnímu poškození na podkladě aspirace. Okamžitě zahájená laická resuscitace a následná komplexní léčba vedla k úplnému uzdravení dítěte. Kazuistika je doplněna potřebnými informacemi o této závažné problematice se zdůrazněním významu prevence.
Drowning belongs to important topics of intensive care in paediatrics. The authors describe a case of a 2-year-old boy who near-drowned in biologically contaminated water. Child's prognosis was very serious, he developed extreme acidosis, hypothermia <30°C and a severe pulmonary injury caused by aspiration. Immediate lay resuscitation followed by complex treatment led to a complete recovery of the child. The case is provided with necessary information about this serious topic with emphasis on prevention.
- MeSH
- acidóza MeSH
- aspirace do dýchacích cest MeSH
- barotrauma MeSH
- Glasgowská stupnice kómat MeSH
- hypotermie MeSH
- hypoxie MeSH
- kardiopulmonální resuscitace MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- odpadní vody škodlivé účinky MeSH
- péče o pacienty v kritickém stavu * metody MeSH
- poškození plic * diagnóza terapie MeSH
- syndrom dechové tísně komplikace terapie MeSH
- umělé dýchání MeSH
- utonutí neúplné * komplikace patofyziologie terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
An increasing concern about contamination of the environment with pharmaceutical residues and their metabolites appeared recently. The contaminants get into hospital or municipal wastewater in considerable amounts, which may cause an adverse effect on the environment. Cytotoxic pharmaceuticals are considered to be genotoxic, mutagenic, carcinogenic, teratogenic and embryotoxic. Although the total amount of administered cytotoxic pharmaceuticals is much lower than that of analgesics or antibiotics, enhanced attention to this issue is reasonable due to their potential significant effect on the environment. The aim of this review is to resume the problems of occurrence, fate and ecotoxicological effects of cytotoxic drugs in the environment including the efficiency of removing these compounds. Basic characteristics of cytotoxic agents are included in the review.
- MeSH
- antitumorózní látky metabolismus toxicita MeSH
- biodegradace MeSH
- ekotoxikologie metody MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- látky znečišťující životní prostředí analýza klasifikace metabolismus MeSH
- léčivé přípravky metabolismus MeSH
- odpadní vody analýza chemie škodlivé účinky MeSH
- regenerace a remediace životního prostředí metody MeSH
Batch cultures of Chlorella vulgaris and C. variegata reproducing about twice every 5 d within 0-15 d had vegetative cells and autospore mother cells in the ratio of about 19 : 1. Continuous slow or negligible and/or no growth in > 15-d-old control cultures or in young cultures supplied with the antibiotics streptomycin, penicillin, amoxycillin (10-1000 ppm) or tetracycline (10, 100 ppm), and pesticides carbofuran, gammaxine, moticop or iralon (1-100 ppm) was due to slow autospore mother cells dehiscence (leading to an increase in their percentage); while negligible and/or no growth of both algal species in sewage water (100, 25%), detergent (0.1-1%), petrol or kerosene (5-20 %), benzene, toluene or phenol (5, 10%) and pesticides rogor or endosulfan (1, 10 ppm) was due to vegetative cells failure to differentiate into auto-spore mother cells (leading to decreased/zero autospore mother cells percentage) and/or rapid death of all cells. C. variegata was equally or slightly more sensitive to different chemical stress than C. vulgaris.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky analýza chemie škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Chlorella vulgaris růst a vývoj MeSH
- detergenty analýza chemie škodlivé účinky MeSH
- odpadní vody analýza chemie škodlivé účinky MeSH
- pesticidy analýza chemie škodlivé účinky MeSH
- ropa analýza škodlivé účinky MeSH
- uhlovodíky analýza chemie škodlivé účinky MeSH
A chlorpyrifos (CPY)-degrading bacterial strain was isolated from an activated sludge sample collected from the Damascus Wastewater Treatment Plant, Syria. The isolation of Klebsiella sp. was facilitated by the addition of CPY at a rate of 3.84 g/L of sludge weekly (selection pressure). Identification of Klebsiella sp. was done using major staining and biochemical differentiation tests (Gram stain, cytochrome oxidase and some relevant saccharide fermentation tests using biochemical assays). Klebsiella sp. was maintained by culturing in a poor medium consisting of mineral salts and CPY as the sole carbon source. When 3 activated sludge samples were incubated in the presence of CPY (13.9 g/L sludge), 46% of added CPY were degraded within 4 d. By comparison, within 4 d the isolated Klebsiella sp. was found to break down 92% of CPY when co-incubated in a poor mineral medium in which CPY was the sole carbon source (13.9 g/L poor medium). Isolated Klebsiella sp. was able to tolerate up to 17.3 g of CPY in the poor medium.
- MeSH
- chemické znečištění vody MeSH
- odpadní vody škodlivé účinky MeSH
- řeky MeSH
- zásobování vodou MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Kanada MeSH
