In this review, we collected and presented evidence from the scientific literature regarding the biotechnological production and applications of limonene and its oxidative derivates in various fields such as food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic or polymer industries. Limonene biotransfor-mations may be regarded as biotechnological processes aligned to sustainable development. Advantages associated with these bioprocesses include the use of by-products as raw materials, mild reaction conditions, high regio-and stereoselectivity and the production of value-added prod-ucts. The biological activities of limonene and its oxidative derivates, such as carveol, carvone, limonene-1,2-diol, α-terpineol, or perillyl alcohol, suggest that the terpene biotechnology is becoming a promising and prosperous science.
Bark beetles kill apparently vigorous conifers during epidemics by means of pheromone-mediated aggregation. During non-endemic conditions the beetles are limited to use trees with poor defense, like wind-thrown. To find olfactory cues that help beetles to distinguish between trees with strong or weak defense, we collected volatiles from the bark surface of healthy felled or standing Picea abies trees. Furthermore, living trees were treated with methyl jasmonate in order to induce defense responses. Volatiles were analyzed by combined gas chromatography and electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) on Ips typographus antennae. Compounds eliciting antennal responses were characterized by single sensillum recording for identification of specific olfactory sensory neurons (OSN). Release of monoterpene hydrocarbons decreased, while oxygenated compounds increased, from spring to early summer in felled trees. In both beetle sexes particular strong EAD activity was elicited by trace amounts of terpene alcohols and ketones. 4-Thujanol gave a very strong response and the absolute configuration of the tested natural product was assigned to be (+)-trans-(1R,4S,5S)-thujanol by stereoselective synthesis and enantioselective gas chromatography. One type of OSN responded to all ketones and five other OSN were characterized by the type of compounds that elicited responses. Three new OSN classes were found. Of the eight EAD-active compounds found in methyl jasmonate-treated bark, the known anti-attractant 1,8-cineole was the one most strongly induced. Our data support the hypothesis that highly active oxygenated host volatiles could serve as positive or negative cues for host selection in I. typographus and in other bark beetles.
- MeSH
- acetáty farmakologie MeSH
- brouci fyziologie MeSH
- cyklopentany farmakologie MeSH
- elektrofyziologické jevy účinky léků MeSH
- kůra rostlin chemie účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- monoterpeny chemická syntéza chemie farmakologie MeSH
- oxylipiny farmakologie MeSH
- plynová chromatografie s hmotnostně spektrometrickou detekcí MeSH
- smrk chemie metabolismus MeSH
- stereoizomerie MeSH
- styren chemie farmakologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
