The fifth cranial nerve is the common denominator for many headaches and facial pain pathologies currently known. Projecting from the trigeminal ganglion, in a bipolar manner, it connects to the brainstem and supplies various parts of the head and face with sensory innervation. In this review, we describe the neuroanatomical structures and pathways implicated in the sensation of the trigeminal system. Furthermore, we present the current understanding of several primary headaches, painful neuropathies and their pharmacological treatments. We hope that this overview can elucidate the complex field of headache pathologies, and their link to the trigeminal nerve, to a broader field of young scientists.
- MeSH
- bolesti hlavy metabolismus patologie patofyziologie MeSH
- ganglion trigeminale metabolismus patologie patofyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mozkový kmen metabolismus patologie patofyziologie MeSH
- nervus trigeminus metabolismus patologie patofyziologie MeSH
- obličejová bolest metabolismus patologie patofyziologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Orofacial pain disorders are frequent in the general population and their pharmacological treatment is difficult and controversial. Therefore, the search for novel, safe and efficient analgesics is an important but still elusive goal for contemporary medicine. In the recent years, the antinociceptive potential of endocannabinoids and opioids has been emphasized. However, concerns for the safety of their use limit their clinical applications. the possibility of modulating the activity of endocannabinoids by regulation of their synthesis and/or degradation offers an innovative approach to the treatment of pain. A rat model of trigeminal pain, utilizing tongue jerks evoked by electrical tooth pulp stimulation during perfusion of the cerebral ventricles with various neurotransmitter solutions can be used in the pharmacological studies of nociception in the orofacial area. The aim of this review is to present the effects of pharmacological activity of opioids and endocannabinoids affecting the transmission of the sensory information from the orofacial area on the example of trigemino-hypoglossal reflex in rats.
- MeSH
- agonisté kanabinoidních receptorů terapeutické užití MeSH
- endokanabinoidy metabolismus terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- obličejová bolest farmakoterapie metabolismus patofyziologie MeSH
- opioidní analgetika terapeutické užití MeSH
- opioidní peptidy metabolismus MeSH
- práh bolesti účinky záření MeSH
- receptory kanabinoidní metabolismus účinky léků MeSH
- receptory opiátové agonisté metabolismus MeSH
- reflex účinky léků MeSH
- signální transdukce účinky léků MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
