Nuclear waste repository
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- MeSH
- atomové reaktory dějiny využití MeSH
- elektrárny přístrojové vybavení statistika a číselné údaje využití MeSH
- jaderná energie zákonodárství a právo MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- monitorování životního prostředí ekonomika metody normy MeSH
- nebezpečný odpad ekonomika prevence a kontrola zákonodárství a právo MeSH
- odpadní vody zákonodárství a právo MeSH
- radioaktivní odpad ekonomika škodlivé účinky MeSH
- vládní programy MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika MeSH
This review article presents the current state-of-knowledge of the use of cementitious materials for radioactive waste disposal. An overview of radwaste management processes with respect to the classification of the waste type is given. The application of cementitious materials for waste disposal is divided into two main lines: i) as a matrix for direct immobilization of treated waste form; and ii) as an engineered barrier of secondary protection in the form of concrete or grout. In the first part the immobilization mechanisms of the waste by cement hydration products is briefly described and an up-to date knowledge about the performance of different cementitious materials is given, including both traditional cements and alternative binder systems. The advantages, disadvantages as well as gaps in the base of information in relation to individual materials are stated. The following part of the article is aimed at description of multi-barrier systems for intermediate level waste repositories. It provides examples of proposed concepts by countries with advanced waste management programmes. In the paper summary, the good knowledge of the material durability due to its vast experience from civil engineering is highlighted however with the urge for specific approach during design and construction of a repository in terms of stringent safety requirements.
- MeSH
- konstrukční materiály * MeSH
- nakládání s odpady metody MeSH
- radioaktivní odpad * MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Compacted bentonites are one of the best sealing and backfilling clays considered for use in Deep Geological Repositories of radioactive wastes. However, an in-depth understanding of their behavior after placement in the repository is required, including if the activity of indigenous microorganisms affects safety conditions. Here we provide an optimized phenol:chloroform based protocol that facilitates higher DNA-yields when other methods failed. To demonstrate the efficiency of this method, DNA was extracted from acetate-treated bentonites compacted at 1.5 and 1.7 g/cm3 densities after 24 months anoxic incubation. Among the 16S rRNA gene sequences identified, those most similar to taxa mediating biogeochemical sulfur cycling included sulfur oxidizing (e.g., Thiobacillus, and Sulfurimonas) and sulfate reducing (e.g., Desulfuromonas and Desulfosporosinus) bacteria. In addition, iron-cycling populations included iron oxidizing (e.g., Thiobacillus and Rhodobacter) plus reducing taxa (e.g., Geobacillus). Genera described for their capacity to utilize acetate as a carbon source were also detected such as Delftia and Stenotrophomonas. Lastly, microscopic analyses revealed pores and cracks that could host nanobacteria or spores. This study highlights the potential role of microbial driven biogeochemical processes in compacted bentonites and the effect of high compaction on microbial diversity in Deep Geological Repositories.
... THE CZECH REPOSITORY PROJECT IN THE 1990s: -- THE REPOSITORY AS A RESEARCH PROJECT 52 -- 3.1 First geological ... ... work in the 1990s 53 -- 3.2 The Atomic Act and the establishment of SÚRAO 55 -- 3.3 The geological repository ... ... public controversy 58 -- 3.5 Geology and making predictions 63 -- 3.6 Safety assessments of the repository ... ... THE CZECH REPOSITORY PROJECT IN THE EARLY 2000s: THE BIRTH -- OF THE CONTROVERSY 75 -- 4.1 The list of ... ... the preselected sites goes public 75 -- 4.2 Approving the Czech governmental nuclear waste management ...
1. elektronické vydání 1 online zdroj (188 stran)
... Schultze-Krqft -- Part B: APPLICATIONS OF NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES AND RESEARCH -- Nuclear Techniques for a ... ... Perera -- Annex: The IAEA’s Research Contract Programme in 1994 B33 -- Part C: NUCLEAR POWER, NUCLEAR ... ... FUEL CYCLE AND WASTE MANAGEMENT -- Nuclear Power C 1 -- STATUS AND TRENDS C 1 -- Nuclear electricity ... ... nuclear power CIO -- Greenhouse effect of 85Kr releases from the nuclear fuel cycle C11 -- NUCLEAR POWER ... ... wastes C78 -- Low and intermediate level waste disposal C78 -- High level waste disposal C83 -- Decontamination ...
přeruš. stránkování
... CURRENT ISSUES -- Non-Proliferation and Disarmament: The Task of Verification I -- Part A: TRANSFER OF NUCLEAR ... ... Yurt sever -- Thirty Years of Benefits from Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture B15 -- P.B. ... ... Vose -- Annex: The IAEA’s Research Contract Programme in 1993 -- B37 -- Part C: NUCLEAR POWER, NUCLEAR ... ... FUEL CYCLE AND WASTE MANAGEMENT -- Nuclear Power C 1 -- STATUS AND TRENDS C 1 -- Nuclear electricity ... ... Symposium on Advanced Nuclear Power Systems C35 -- Nuclear Fuel Cycle C39 -- STATUS AND TRENDS C39 - ...
