Q112343085
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Introduction: Self-efficacy is considered one of the key components of breastfeeding success and thus is important to explore. However, this requires reliable measuring tools. Goal: The aim of the study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the BSES-SF as a measure of confidence in breastfeeding among Slovak mothers, and to determine the self-efficacy of mothers in breastfeeding and its related factors. Methods: The research was designed as a quantitative cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 678 women who were on the 3rd-4th day after delivery. A Slovak version of the 14-item Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale - Short Form (BSES-SF) was used to assess breastfeeding self-efficacy. Results: Cronbach's alpha of the Slovak version of the BSES-SF was 0.812. CFA has shown that the four-factor model of the BSES-SF offered the best fit for Slovak data. Education (p < 0.001), previous breastfeeding experience (p = 0.015), and skin-to-skin contact (p < 0.001) were shown to be statistically significant factors related to breastfeeding self-efficacy of mothers. Conclusion: The Slovak version of the BSES-SF has shown good psychometric properties and it can be recommended to assess the breastfeeding self-efficacy of mothers in Slovakia. The proven factors related to self-efficacy show the need for individual help, especially for women with higher education, women with a previous negative experience with breastfeeding, and the importance of skin-to-skin contact support.
Cieľom príspevku je predstaviť a analyzovať jednu časť dizertačnej práce Matúša Palumbiniho De phthisi (O tuberkulóze) z roku 1679, konkrétne jej 8. kapitolu Curatio perfecta (Dôsledná liečba). Terapia chorôb v 17. storočí bola neoddeliteľne spojená s liekmi, ktoré pripravovali lekárnici jednak z domácich zdrojov, ale niektoré boli aj exotického pôvodu. A práve ich popis, použitie a špecifiká pri liečbe tuberkulózy sú hlavným cieľom našej štúdie. V receptoch bolo uvedených veľa skratiek a alchymistických symbolov. Každý recept obsahoval zložky lieku, ich množstvo vyjadrené v lekárnických mierach a váhach a nakoniec pokyny na prípravu a použitie lieku vrátane označenia hotového lieku a pokynov na dávkovanie. Kombinácie zložiek liekov v receptoch (od rastlinných a živočíšnych po minerálne) sa v súčasnosti môžu javiť ako bizarné, napr. looh de pulmone vulpis – hustý sirup z pľúc líšky, alebo lapides cancrorum – račie kamene.
The objective of the article is to present and analyse one part of the printed dissertation De phthisi (On Tuberculosis) by Matúš Palumbini, namely chapter VIII, Curatio perfecta (Perfect Treatment). Treatment of diseases in the 17th century was solely dependent on and linked to the medicinal products, many a time of exotic origin, prepared by pharmacists. In this regard our main research contribution is that it provides the then description of tuberculosis and elucidates the use and pecularities in its treatment. Simultaneously, we also present the author’s view over the treatment methods, which he identified as the most effective in tuberculosis. As follows from the text, all conceivable treatments and medications to treat tuberculosis in the 17th century were widely used and prescribed. Many abbreviations and alchemical symbols were mentioned in the dissertation, especially in the prescriptions. Each prescription contains drug components, their amount expressed in apothecary measures and weights, and finally instructions for drug preparation and use, including designation of the prepared drug and dosage instructions. The combinations of drug components in prescriptions (from herbal to animal and mineral ones) might currently seem bizarre, e.g. looh de pulmone vulpis – thick syrup from fox lungs, or lapides cancrorum – crayfish stones.
- MeSH
- dějiny 17. století MeSH
- disertace jako téma dějiny MeSH
- lékové předpisy dějiny MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- tuberkulóza * farmakoterapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dějiny 17. století MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- historické články MeSH
OBJECTIVE: Hand hygiene (HH) compliance is associated with effective prevention of health care-associated infections (HAI), the topic being very important due to current COVID-19 pandemic. There is a growing debate about the role of educational institutions in the low HH compliance of health workers. This study aimed to assess HH knowledge, self-assessment and attitudes of medical students in relation to provided educational background. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey (mixed methods-approach) combined with the curriculum analysis and questionnaires. Quantitative method: a questionnaire of knowledge of HH issues (QK), and a questionnaire of self-assessment and attitudes (SAQ) towards HH. Qualitative method focused on an analysis of content of the curriculum documents. RESULTS: 250 (KQ) and 238 (SAQ) questionnaires were analysed from students of general medicine (n = 262; average age 22.5 years). Below-average knowledge of HH and a high self-assessment of knowledge and compliance with HH was reported by 72.2% and 76.0% of students, respectively. Significant differences in knowledge and self-assessment of HH were found among study years and gender. The content analysis has revealed gaps in HH-related information in general medicine educational programme. CONCLUSIONS: It is highly expected that there might be some association between low HH knowledge level, false self-assessment and educational programme in medical students.
- MeSH
- COVID-19 * MeSH
- dodržování směrnic MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hygiena rukou * MeSH
- infekce spojené se zdravotní péčí * prevence a kontrola MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- nemocnice MeSH
- pandemie MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- SARS-CoV-2 MeSH
- studium lékařství * MeSH
- univerzity MeSH
- zdraví - znalosti, postoje, praxe MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Cieľ: Cieľom štúdie bolo zistiť súvislosti vybraných faktorov (veku, vzdelania, parity, plánovania dieťaťa, podpory kontaktu koža na kožu /skin to skin contact; SSC/, dojčenia, spokojnosti s partnerskou podporou, ochorenia dieťaťa, rizika depresie) s popôrodnou vzťahovou väzbou (mother-infant bonding; MIB) u slovenských žien. Metódy: Bol zvolený dizajn prierezovej štúdie. Na zber relevantných údajov sa použili dotazník popôrodnej vzťahovej väzby (Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire; PBQ) a škála popôrodnej depresie (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, EPDS). Dotazníky boli doplnené o výskumné premenné nevyhnutné na skúmanie vzťahov medzi týmito položkami a MIB. Výskumný súbor tvorilo 204 žien (priemerný vek 30,9 ± 4,8 rokov), ktoré boli 6 týždňov po pôrode. Na analýzu údajov bola použitá deskriptívna štatistika, Wilcoxon dvojvýberový test, Kruskal-Wallis test a regresný model. Výsledky: Menej kvalitná väzba medzi matkou a dieťaťom bola preukázaná u matiek s vyšším vzdelaním, s nepodporeným SSC po pôrode, nespokojných s partnerskou podporou a u matiek s rizikom depresie. Podľa regresného modelu medzi PBQ skóre a EPDS skóre sa preukázala štatisticky signifikantná súvislosť (p < 0.0001). Záver: Poznanie a identifikovanie rizikových faktorov MIB s dôrazom na skríning psychického stavu matiek považujeme zo strany pôrodných asistentiek za kľúčové pri navrhovaní včasných intervencií pre zlepšenie kvality tehotenstva, materstva a detstva.
Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between the selected factors (age, education, parity, child planning, skin-to-skin contact (SSC) support, breastfeeding, partner support satisfaction, a child with an illness, risk of depression) and their influence on postpartum mother-infant bonding (MIB) in Slovak women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was used. To collect the relevant data, the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ) and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) were used. The questionnaires were supplemented by research variables essential for the evaluation of the links between these items and the MIB. The study sample consisted of 204 women (mean age 30.9 ± 4.8 years) who were 6 weeks after childbirth. The received data were analysed using descriptive statistics, the Wilcoxon two-sample test, the Kruskal-Wallis test, and the Regression modelling. Results: A lower quality mother-infant relationship was demonstrated in mothers with higher education, with unsupported postpartum SSC, dissatisfied with partner support, as well as in mothers at risk of depression. According to the regression model, a statistically significant correlation was demonstrated between the PBQ score and the EPDS score (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Identification of MIB risk factors with an emphasis on screening for the mother's mental state is considered to be a key factor in designing early interventions to improve the quality of pregnancy, motherhood and childhood.
- Klíčová slova
- bonding,
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- poporodní období MeSH
- připoutání k objektu MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- vztahy mezi matkou a dítětem * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
Aim: The aim of the study was to assess bonding between a mother and her child with an emphasis on its predictors as well as to identify the women who are at risk of mother-infant bonding disorders. Design: A quantitative cross-sectional study. Methods: To collect the relevant data, the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ) was used to assess the following four factors: quality of mother-infant bond (F1); rejection and pathological anger (F2); infant-focused anxiety (F3); incipient abuse of infant (F4). The research sample consisted of 200 women who were 0–6 weeks after childbirth. The received data were analysed using descriptive statistics, the Robust ANOVA and the Wilcoxon two-sample test. Results: We identified 9.5% at-risk women in the F1; 1.5% at-risk women in the F2; 3.5% at-risk women in the F3; and 5% at-risk women in the F4. The following statistically significant predictors were shown in relation to the F1: child planning; the F3: parity; skin-to-skin contact support after birth. Conclusion: Possible predictors and the mothers who are at risk in relation to a secure attachment connection were identified, which is important in terms of preventive interventions on the part of midwives.
Aim: The objective of the study was to determine the satisfaction of women with their control and participation in decision-making during childbirth. Design: A quantitative cross-sectional study. Methods: The KLI-P questionnaire measuring psychosocial climate in maternity hospitals by evaluating six factors was used to collect the relevant data. This article presents the results of assessing the satisfaction of women with the factor woman’s control and participation in decision-making during childbirth. The study sample consisted of 360 women within one year after natural birth (the mean time from childbirth: 6.22 ± 3.64 months). The obtained data were analyzed using univariate descriptive statistics, ANOVA and Student’s t-test. Results: The satisfaction with the factor woman’s control and participation in decision-making during childbirth was 61.50%. The lowest satisfaction (20.28%) was associated with the women’s possibility of choosing the position for giving birth. Statistically significant differences were found with respect to the age group (p = 0.009), subjective perception of the course of childbirth (p = 0.001) and skin-to-skin contact support after childbirth (p = 0.001). Conclusion: The results indicate the necessity to respect the principles of women’s autonomy during childbirth, with the emphasis on providing care focused on the needs of mothers, their rights as well as their active participation during childbirth, constituting an important complement to the current evidence-based approach to obstetrics.
Aim: To find the level of support and assistance provided to mothers shortly after birth, and the amount of information on breastfeeding provided to them by health professionals. Design: A quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. Methods: The data were collected in two maternity hospitals in central Slovakia between June 2019 and the end of January 2020. The sample consisted of 200 women after childbirth. The standardised Questionnaire for Breastfeeding Mother was used. Results: During hospital stay, 54% of mothers reported exclusive breastfeeding, and 14% stated no forms of breast milk substitute were provided. The first contact with the newborn lasted an hour or more for 11% of the mothers, and 48% were allowed some degree of bonding through skin-to-skin contact. Only 37.5% of the mothers were given breastfeeding assistance within six hours of the birth. There was a significant difference (p < 0.001) between type of delivery and the time when mothers were first allowed contact and skin-to-skin contact with newborns. Conclusion: The results indicate insufficient adherence to breastfeeding interventions, particularly in connection with surgical delivery. It is essential to pay more attention to assistance with breastfeeding, and to follow the Baby-friendly Hospital Initiative recommendations (BFHI).
Aim: The aim of the study was to survey adolescent sexual behavior, use of contraceptives, and sexually transmitted infections, and, in addition, to see how these factors correlated with selected individual characteristics of the respondents (e.g., age, gender). Design: A quantitative cross-sectional study. Methods: An exploratory method, using a specially designed questionnaire, was selected. The research sample consisted of 381 adolescents with an average age of 17.75 years (± 1.28). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Chi-squared (χ2) test (p < 0.05). Results: More than half of adolescents (61.35%; 2.49 ± 1.91) have had sexual intercourse. We found a variety of reasons for differences in the use of contraceptive methods. The most commonly used contraceptive methods during sexual intercourse were male condoms (50.13%), and hormonal pills (16.80%). However, most respondents (86.61%) reported they had not used condoms during their last sexual intercourse. Only 12.86% of respondents considered their sexual behavior safe. Statistically significant differences were found in adolescent sexual behavior relating to contraceptive use in terms of gender and age (p < 0.05). Male adolescents were more likely to use condoms during sexual intercourse, and to use contraceptive methods to prevent sexually transmitted infections. Conclusion: The study revealed that the level of adolescent sexual behavior deserves more attention. Evidence of significant differences should serve as an argument for efforts to increase awareness and education on issues related to sexual health, with an emphasis on the risk of sexually transmitted infections.
Tehotenstvo je dôležitá životná fáza, ktorá je často spojená s vnímanými zmenami a obavami v oblasti sexuality. Štúdia analyzuje zmeny, obavy a informovanosť v oblasti sexuality žien počas tehotenstva. Práca má charakter kvantitatívnej prierezovej štúdie. Výskumný súbor tvorilo 242 tehotných žien s vekovým priemerom 28,07 rokov (± 5,13 rokov). Údaje boli analyzované pomocou deskriptívnej štatistiky, chí-kvadrát testu a Pearsonovho korelačného koeficientu. Väčšina respondentiek (66,5 %) deklaruje, že u nich nastali zmeny v sexuálnom a intímnom živote počas tehotenstva. Najčastejšími dôvodmi zníženej sexuálnej aktivity sa preukázal strach a únava. Obavy z pohlavného styku počas tehotenstva vyjadrilo 47,5 % tehotných žien. Najčastejšie sa obávali predčasného pôrodu/potratu a ublíženia plodu. Preukázali sa štatisticky významné korelácie (r = 0,13; p = 0,052) medzi obavami a obdobím tehotenstva podľa trimestrov. Napriek tomu, že väčšina žien deklarovala dostačujúcu úroveň informácií o sexualite počas tehotenstva, nemožno sa uspokojiť, pretože dominantným zdrojom informácií bol internet a väčšinu žien neinformovali zdravotnícki profesionáli (gynekológ, pôrodná asistentka). Preukázala sa štatistická významnosť (r = 0,23; p = 0,0001) medzi úrovňou informovanosti a obdobím tehotenstva podľa trimestrov. Vzhľadom k výsledkom štúdie je potrebné venovať väčšiu pozornosť sexualite tehotných žien cielene zo strany zdravotníckych pracovníkov. Je žiaduce zlepšiť informovanosť o sexualite počas tehotenstva a zefektívniť emocionálnu podporu zo strany pôrodných asistentiek/gynekológov v zmysle chápania zmien a zníženia obáv v súvislosti so sexualitou počas tehotenstva, a tak prispieť k zníženiu miery sexuálnej dysfunkcie a celkovému zlepšeniu kvality života žien počas tehotenstva.
Pregnancy is an important life period, often associated with perceived changes and concerns in the sphere of sexuality. This study evaluates these changes and concerns, as well as the awareness of women concerning their sexuality during the period of pregnancy. The research is designed as a quantitative cross-sectional study. The research sample consisted of 242 pregnant women with a mean age of 28.07 years (± 5.13 years). The received data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, a chi-squared test and the Pearson correlation coefficient. The majority of the respondents (66.5%) declared that they had experienced shifts in their sexual and intimate life during the period of pregnancy. Fear and fatigue were found to be the most common causes of decreased sexual activity. Overall, 47.5% of pregnant women were worried about sexual intercourse in pregnancy. Most often they were afraid of preterm labour/miscarriage and causing harm to the foetus. Statistically significant correlations (r = 0.13; p = 0.052) between concerns and the period of pregnancy by trimesters were demonstrated. Despite the fact that most women declared they had had sufficient information about sexuality in pregnancy, we cannot rely on this, as their prevalent source of information was the internet and, moreover, the majority of women had not discussed the issue with health professionals (gynaecologists, midwives). A statistical significance (r = 0.23, p = 0.0001) between the level of awareness and the stage pregnancy by trimesters was demonstrated. With regard to the outcomes of the study, healthcare professionals should pay increased attention to sexuality of pregnant women. It is also desirable to enrich the sources of information on sexuality in pregnancy and, simultaneously, to enhance emotional support of health professionals for pregnant women. Understanding the changes and reducing fears of sexual activity in pregnancy would definitely contribute to the reduction of sexual dysfunction and overall improvement of the women's quality of life during pregnancy.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- sexualita * MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
