INTRODUCTION: Previous research has raised concerns about high prevalence of drug-related problems, polypharmacy and inappropriate benzodiazepine prescribing in nursing homes (NHs) and confirmed lack of studies from Central and South-Eastern Europe. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of polypharmacy, hyperpolypharmacy and inappropriate benzodiazepine prescribing in NH residents in Croatia. METHODS: Data from 226 older NH residents from five Croatian NHs were collected using the InterRAI Long-Term Care Facilities assessment form. The prevalence and determinants of polypharmacy/hyperpolypharmacy and patterns of inappropriate benzodiazepine prescribing were documented. RESULTS: The prevalence of polypharmacy (49.6%) and hyperpolypharmacy (25.7%) among NH residents was high. In our study, 72.1% of NH residents were prescribed at least one psychotropic agent, 36.7% used 2-3 psychotropics and 6.6% used 4+ psychotropics. Among benzodiazepine users (55.8%), 28% of residents were prescribed benzodiazepines in higher than recommended geriatric doses, 75% used them for the long term and 48% were prescribed concomitant interacting medications. The odds of being prescribed polypharmacy/hyperpolypharmacy were significantly higher for older patients with polymorbidity (6+ disorders, proportional odds ratio (POR) = 19.8), type II diabetes (POR = 5.2), ischemic heart disease (POR = 4.6), higher frailty (Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS ≥5); POR = 4.3) and gastrointestinal problems (POR = 4.8). CONCLUSIONS: Our research underscores the persistent challenge of inappropriate medication use and drug-related harms among older NH residents, despite existing evidence and professional campaigns. Effective regulatory and policy interventions, including the implementation of geriatrician and clinical pharmacy services, are essential to address this critical issue and ensure optimal medication management for vulnerable NH populations.
- MeSH
- benzodiazepiny * terapeutické užití škodlivé účinky aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- domovy pro seniory statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- lékařská praxe - způsoby provádění statistika a číselné údaje normy MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nevhodné předepisování * statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- pečovatelské domovy * statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- polypharmacy * MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- psychotropní léky terapeutické užití škodlivé účinky MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Chorvatsko MeSH
Aim: This study aimed to test an existing theory of the Anxiety about Aging Scale and determine the relationship between ageism and anxiety about aging in nurses in the Republic of Croatia. Design: A cross-sectional study. Methods: The sample consisted of 798 nurses from Republic of Croatia. Participants filled Anxiety about Aging Scale and Kogan's Attitude toward Old People Scale. Results: Regarding the factor structure of the 20 items, chi-square test revealed a statistically significant finding (χ2 = 2131.090, df = 164, p > 0.05). Analyses confirmed the four-factor structure (fear of older adults, psychological concern, fear of loss, and physical appearance) and the indicators of adequate reliability and validity. Furthermore, Kogan's Attitude toward Old People Scale significantly correlated with fear of older adults (r = 0.409; p < 0.01); attitudes changed with fear of older adults. Factors such as age, work experience duration (in years), and education individually affected aging anxiety, but not sex, living with older adults, and work department. Conclusion: The Anxiety about Aging Scale Croatian version is a valid and reliable measuring instrument for nurses. Nurses who have expressed greater anxiety about aging have a more negative attitude toward older adults.
- MeSH
- diskriminace na základě věku klasifikace psychologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- škála projevu úzkosti MeSH
- stárnutí * psychologie MeSH
- úzkost klasifikace psychologie MeSH
- zdravotní sestry * psychologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Chorvatsko MeSH
We report a case of double aneuploidy in a preterm male newborn with karyotype 48,XXY,+18 whose mother was of advanced age and infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus during the early stages of her pregnancy. The clinical features observed in the newborn included intrauterine growth retardation, dysmorphic facial features, overlapping fingers on both hands, respiratory distress syndrome, ventricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, persistent pulmonary hypertension, and bilateral clubfoot, a phenotype that mainly correlates with Edwards syndrome (trisomy 18). To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of double aneuploidy in Croatia. This paper provides a detailed description of the clinical presentation and treatment strategies used, with the aim of providing valuable data for future recognition and management of similar cases. Furthermore, we discuss the mechanisms of nondisjunction that might account for this rare form of aneuploidy.
- MeSH
- aneuploidie MeSH
- COVID-19 * komplikace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- SARS-CoV-2 MeSH
- syndrom trizomie 18 komplikace MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Chorvatsko MeSH
Although defining normative values of cardiorespiratory fitness have been the topic of many Western societies, little evidence has been provided for less developed countries like Croatia. Since cardiorespiratory fitness rapidly declines in Croatian children and adolescents, the newly established normative values would help health-related professionals and physical education teachers to detect 'talented' groups and direct them towards sport and 'risky' groups for planning special interventions. Therefore, the main purpose of the study was to determine normative reference values of cardiorespiratory fitness. A total of 1,612 children and adolescents aged 7-14 years (mean±SD; age 9.7±2.4 years; stature 151.0±17.6 cm; body mass 45.1±19.1 kg; 52.5% girls) participated in this cross-sectional study. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed by the Maximal multistage 20-m shuttle run test and the performance was expressed as the number of stages. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) was estimated by equations. Smoothed percentile curves were calculated. Boys outperformed girls in the maximal number of levels achieved after the 20-m shuttle run test and in the VO2max values at each age category. In boys, a gradually higher level of performance between ages 11 and 14 was observed, while in girls the values started to rise after the age of 8. Our study provides one of the first sex- and age-specific normative values for cardiorespiratory fitness assessed by the 20-m shuttle run test in Croatian children and adolescents.
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- kardiorespirační zdatnost * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- referenční hodnoty MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- tělesná výkonnost MeSH
- zátěžový test MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Chorvatsko MeSH
Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate the attitude of nursing students towards online teaching during the pandemic Covid-19. Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted. Methods: The sample included full-time and part-time undergraduate and graduate students of nursing in the Republic of Croatia. The research was conducted using an online method with a questionnaire to measure studentsʼ attitudes towards the learning process through online teaching. Results: The largest number of participants (58.66%) expressed a moderate attitude towards online teaching; two participants (0.96 %) expressed a negative attitude towards online teaching; while 84 (40.38%) had a highly positive attitude towards online teaching. The findings indicated a significant difference in attitude towards online teaching with regard to student status (full-time / part-time) (p = 0.003), students' conditions for monitoring online teaching (p = 0.003), and their beliefs and expectations (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Nursing students tended to express a moderate attitude towards online teaching. Most students would prefer combined classes and believe that conducting online classes only during the Covid-19 pandemic would reduce the amount of specific knowledge they would acquire during their studies.
CÍLE: Cílem studie je odpovědět na otázku: Jaký postoj zaujímají studenti sociální práce, sociální pracovníci a vzdělavatelé v sociální práci k využívání supervize jako nástroje pro reflexi osobních problémů v České republice a Chorvatsku? TEORETICKÁ VÝCHODISKA: Ve studii se opírám zejména o teoretické ukotvení supervizních procesů (Kadushin, Harkness, 2002; O’Donoghue, 2010; 2008; 2015). Zaměřuji se na podpůrčí funkci supervize, kterou nově konceptualizuji ve vztahu k zaměření na „reflexi osobních témat“. METODY: Pro zodpovězení výzkumné otázky byla použita kvalitativní výzkumná strategie a následná komparace umožňující porovnat českou a chorvatskou praxi. Technikou sběru dat byl polostrukturovaný rozhovor vedený s respondenty vybranými na základě kriteriálního výběru. V procesu analýzy dat byly použity prvky zakotvené teorie. VÝSLEDKY: Chorvatští respondenti mnohem více vnímají supervizi jako nástroj pro reflexi osobních problémů. Čeští respondenti jsou k využívání supervize pro reflexi osobních problémů skeptičtější. Obě skupiny definují bariéry, které stojí v cestě tomu, aby byla supervize důvěrnějším prostředím, kde by mohly být osobní problémy bezpečně reflektovány. Zmiňují také přínosy, které supervize pro reflexi osobních problémů může přinést. IMPLIKACE PRO PRAXI: Závěry přispívají k diskusi o využívání supervize v sociální práci s důrazem na popis přínosů a limitů supervize, jako nástroje pro reflexi profesních i osobních problémů.
OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study is to answer the question: What are the attitudes of social work students, social workers, and social work educators towards the use of supervision as a tool for reflection on personal problems in the Czech Republic and Croatia? THEORETICAL BASE: In this study, I draw particularly on the theoretical anchoring of supervision processes (Kadushin, Harkness, 2002; O’Donoghue, 2008; 2010; 2015). I focus on the supportive function of supervision, which I reconceptualise in relation to a focus on “reflection on personal issues”. METHODS: The qualitative research strategy was used, followed by a comparative study showing Czech and Croatian practices. The data collection technique was a semi-structured interview, with elements of grounded theory being used. OUTCOMES: The Croatian respondents perceive supervision much more as a tool for reflecting on personal problems. The Czech respondents are more sceptical about using supervision to reflect on personal problems. Both groups define barriers that stand in the way of making supervision a more confidential environment where personal problems could be reflected. SOCIAL WORK IMPLICATIONS: The conclusions contribute to the discussion on the use of supervision in social work with an emphasis on describing the benefits and limitations of supervision as a tool for reflection on both professional and personal problems.
- Klíčová slova
- reflexe osobních problémů,
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- organizace a řízení * MeSH
- řešení problému MeSH
- sociální práce MeSH
- sociální pracovníci psychologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Chorvatsko MeSH
The aim of this paper is to introduce the digitalization process and its effects on better reach of the target population. Progress in the digitalization and e-health tools worldwide enables new opportunities in prevention, diagnostics and treatment for people living with HIV (PLHIV) and people in the risk of HIV infection, hepatitis C (HCV) and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), especially in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The system already used for voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) at the CheckPoint Centre Zagreb run by the non-governmental organization (NGO) Croatian Association for HIV and Viral Hepatitis (CAHIV) was upgraded and adapted (due to the COVID-19 prevention epidemiological measures) and developed for implementation of the pilot project of feasibility and acceptability of home HIV self-testing (HIVST) among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Zagreb. A special feature of the HIVST mobile application enables an innovative approach in collecting clients' test result feedback. This paper presents the method of use digitalization of the VCT and HIVST activities to support and increase availability of screening testing. Described procedures of new technologies application in VCT services and preliminary results of the HIVST pilot project indicate that technology-delivered interventions can contribute and improve access and utilisation of HIV/STI prevention and care services.
- MeSH
- COVID-19 * MeSH
- digitální technologie MeSH
- Hepacivirus MeSH
- hepatitida C * diagnóza epidemiologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- HIV infekce * diagnóza epidemiologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- homosexualita mužská MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pandemie MeSH
- pilotní projekty MeSH
- poradenství MeSH
- sexuálně přenosné nemoci * diagnóza epidemiologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- sexuální a genderové menšiny * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Chorvatsko MeSH
Aim: The aim of the study was to translate the Satisfaction with Simulation Experience (SSE) scale in Croatian language and examine whether the SSE scale was valid and reliable among Croatian nursing students. Design: In May 2020, a cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Applied Health Sciences in Croatia. A 145 bachelor's degree nursing students participated in the study. Methods: To determine the instrument's internal consistency reliability, the Cronbach alpha coefficient was used. In addition, Confirmatory factor analysis, Bartlett's sphericity test, the Kaiser-Olkin statistic and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests were used. Results: Cronbach's alpha coefficient demonstrated a high consistency of the Croatian version of SSE scale (α = 0.92). The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO = 0.895) and the Bartlett's sphericity (p < 0.000) demonstrate significant results. The confirmatory factor analysis CFA has yielded a three-factor structure of SSE scale. Conclusion: The Croatian version of Satisfaction with Simulation Experience scale (CRO - SSE) has shown adequate psychometric properties making it a suitable tool for examining the satisfaction of nursing students with the simulation experience in Croatian context.
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- osobní uspokojení MeSH
- překlady MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- psychometrie * MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- studenti ošetřovatelství psychologie MeSH
- studium ošetřovatelství MeSH
- tréninková simulace MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- hodnotící studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Chorvatsko MeSH
Antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical isolates collected from sites in central Europe in 2019 was tested by CLSI broth microdilution method and EUCAST breakpoints. Most active were amikacin, ceftazidime-avibactam and colistin; respectively, susceptibility rates among P. aeruginosa (n = 701) were 89.2%, 92.2% and 99.9%; difficult-to-treat (DTR) isolates, 62.5%, 37.5% and 100%; multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates, 68.3%, 72.9% and 99.5%; meropenem-resistant (MEM-R), metallo-β-lactamase-negative (MBL-negative) isolates, 72.8%, 78.6% and 100%. Among Enterobacterales (n = 1639), susceptibility to ceftazidime-avibactam, colistin and tigecycline was ≥ 97.9%; MDR Enterobacterales, 96.8%, 94.4% and 100%, respectively; DTR isolates, ≥ 76.2% to ceftazidime-avibactam and colistin; MEM-R, MBL-negative isolates, ≥ 90.0% to ceftazidime-avibactam and colistin.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- azabicyklické sloučeniny MeSH
- ceftazidim farmakologie MeSH
- Enterobacteriaceae MeSH
- fixní kombinace léků MeSH
- kolistin * farmakologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- meropenem MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Chorvatsko MeSH
- Litva MeSH
- Lotyšsko MeSH
- Maďarsko MeSH
- Polsko MeSH
Traditional health systems typologies were based on health system financing type, such as the well-known OECD typology. However, the number of dimensions captured in classifications increased to reflect health systems complexity. This study aims to develop a taxonomy of primary care (PC) systems based on the actors involved (state, societal and private) and mechanisms used in governance, financing and regulation, which conceptually represents the degree of decentralisation of functions. We use nonlinear canonical correlations analysis and agglomerative hierarchical clustering on data obtained from the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policy and informants from 24 WHO European Region countries. We obtain four clusters: 1) Bosnia Herzegovina, Czech Republic, Germany, Slovakia and Switzerland: corporatist and/or fragmented PC system, with state involvement in PC supply regulation, without gatekeeping; 2) Greece, Ireland, Israel, Malta, Sweden, and Ukraine: public and (re)centralised PC financing and regulation with private involvement, without gatekeeping; 3) Finland, Norway, Spain and United Kingdom: public financing and devolved regulation and organisation of PC, with gatekeeping; and 4) Bulgaria, Croatia, France, North Macedonia, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia and Turkey: public and deconcentrated with professional involvement in supply regulation, and gatekeeping. This taxonomy can serve as a framework for performance comparisons and a means to analyse the effect that different actors and levels of devolution or fragmentation of PC delivery may have in health outcomes.
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- primární zdravotní péče * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Bosna a Hercegovina MeSH
- Bulharsko MeSH
- Česká republika MeSH
- Chorvatsko MeSH
- Evropa MeSH
- Finsko MeSH
- Francie MeSH
- Irsko MeSH
- Izrael MeSH
- Malta MeSH
- Německo MeSH
- Norsko MeSH
- Polsko MeSH
- Řecko MeSH
- Republika Severní Makedonie MeSH
- Rumunsko MeSH
- Slovenská republika MeSH
- Slovinsko MeSH
- Španělsko MeSH
- Spojené království MeSH
- Srbsko MeSH
- Švédsko MeSH
- Švýcarsko MeSH
- Turecko MeSH
- Ukrajina MeSH
