During development, tooth germs undergo various morphological changes resulting from interactions between the oral epithelium and ectomesenchyme. These processes are influenced by the extracellular matrix, the composition of which, along with cell adhesion and signaling, is regulated by metalloproteinases. Notably, these include matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a disintegrin and metalloproteinases (ADAMs), and a disintegrin and metalloproteinases with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTSs). Our analysis of previously published scRNAseq datasets highlight that these metalloproteinases show dynamic expression patterns during tooth development, with expression in a wide range of cell types, suggesting multiple roles in tooth morphogenesis. To investigate this, Marimastat, a broad-spectrum inhibitor of MMPs, ADAMs, and ADAMTSs, was applied to ex vivo cultures of mouse molar tooth germs. The treated samples exhibited significant changes in tooth germ size and morphology, including an overall reduction in size and an inversion of the typical bell shape. The cervical loop failed to extend, and the central area of the inner enamel epithelium protruded. Marimastat treatment also disrupted proliferation, cell polarization, and organization compared with control tooth germs. In addition, a decrease in laminin expression was observed, leading to a disruption in continuity of the basement membrane at the epithelial-mesenchymal junction. Elevated hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha gene (Hif-1α) expression correlated with a disruption to blood vessel development around the tooth germs. These results reveal the crucial role of metalloproteinases in tooth growth, shape, cervical loop elongation, and the regulation of blood vessel formation during prenatal tooth development.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Inhibition of metalloproteinases during tooth development had a wide-ranging impact on molar growth affecting proliferation, cell migration, and vascularization, highlighting the diverse role of these proteins in controlling development.
- MeSH
- faktor 1 indukovatelný hypoxií - podjednotka alfa metabolismus genetika MeSH
- inhibitory matrixových metaloproteinas farmakologie MeSH
- kyseliny hydroxamové farmakologie MeSH
- metaloproteasy metabolismus genetika MeSH
- moláry embryologie růst a vývoj metabolismus enzymologie MeSH
- morfogeneze MeSH
- myši inbrední C57BL MeSH
- myši MeSH
- odontogeneze * MeSH
- proliferace buněk * MeSH
- vývojová regulace genové exprese MeSH
- zubní zárodek embryologie metabolismus enzymologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Achromobacter xylosoxidans, and Burkholderia cenocepacia are considered emerging pathogens classified as a public health problem due to extensive antimicrobial resistance. Therefore, the discovery of new therapeutic strategies has become crucial. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of gallic acid and methyl gallate against non-fermenting bacteria. The study included five clinical isolates of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Achromobacter xylosoxidans, and Burkholderia cenocepacia. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of gallic acid and methyl gallate were determined by the broth microdilution method. Growth curves, metabolic activity, and biofilm formation of each bacterial strain in the presence or absence of phenolic compounds were performed. Finally, the therapeutic efficacy of the compounds was evaluated using an in vivo model. Gallic acid and methyl gallate showed antibacterial activity against bacterial strains in a concentration range of 64 to 256 μg/mL, both compounds reduced bacterial growth and metabolic activity of the strains, even at subinhibitory concentrations. Only, methyl gallate exhibited activity to inhibit the formation of bacterial biofilms. Moreover, gallic acid and methyl gallate increased larval survival by up to 60% compared to 30% survival of untreated larvae in a bacterial infection model in Galleria mellonella. Our results highlight the potential of gallic acid and methyl gallate as therapeutic alternatives for infections by emerging non-fermentative bacteria.
Herein, we investigated the anti-amoebic activity of phosphonium-chloride-based deep eutectic solvents against pathogenic Acanthamoeba castellanii of the T4 genotype. Deep eutectic solvents are ionic fluids composed of two or three substances, capable of self-association to form a eutectic mixture with a melting point lower than each substance. In this study, three distinct hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents were formulated, employing trihexyltetradecylphosphonium chloride as the hydrogen bond acceptor and aspirin, dodecanoic acid, and 4-tert-butylbenzoic acid as the hydrogen bond donors. Subsequently, all three deep eutectic solvents, denoted as DES1, DES2, DES3 formulations, underwent investigations comprising amoebicidal, adhesion, excystation, cytotoxicity, and cytopathogenicity assays. The findings revealed that DES2 was the most potent anti-amoebic agent, with a 94% elimination rate against the amoebae within 24 h at 30 °C. Adhesion assays revealed that deep eutectic solvents hindered amoebae adhesion to human brain endothelial cells, with DES2 exhibiting 88% reduction of adhesion. Notably, DES3 exhibited remarkable anti-excystation properties, preventing 94% of cysts from reverting to trophozoites. In cytopathogenicity experiments, deep eutectic solvent formulations and dodecanoic acid alone reduced amoebae-induced human brain endothelial cell death, with DES2 showing the highest effects. Lactate dehydrogenase assays revealed the minimal cytotoxicity of the tested deep eutectic solvents, with the exception of trihexyltetradecylphosphonium chloride, which exhibited 35% endothelial cell damage. These findings underscore the potential of specific deep eutectic solvents in combating pathogenic Acanthamoeba, presenting promising avenues for further research and development against free-living amoebae.
- MeSH
- Acanthamoeba castellanii * účinky léků genetika MeSH
- amébicidy farmakologie chemie MeSH
- buněčná adheze účinky léků MeSH
- endoteliální buňky účinky léků MeSH
- genotyp * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- organofosforové sloučeniny farmakologie chemie MeSH
- rozpouštědla * chemie farmakologie MeSH
- trofozoiti účinky léků MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Úvod: Dosud stále platí, že pozdní záchyt onemocnění karcinomem vaječníku je zásadní příčina jeho špatné prognózy. Zatím nebyl identifikován žádný dostatečně senzitivní a zároveň specifický marker ani kombinace markerů a zobrazovacích metod, které by jednoznačně umožňovaly záchyt časných, potenciálně dobře kurabilních stadií a dále prebiopticky diferencovaly skupinu ultrazvukově špatně odlišitelných benigní lézí od maligních tumorů. V designu retrospektivní studie byly zkoumány hladiny sérového vaskulárního endoteliálního faktoru D (VEGF-D). VEGF-D má vztah k nádorem indukované angiogenezi, lymfangiogenezi a remodelaci cév s efektem facilitace metastazování a zlepšené distribuce kyslíku a živin pro nádorovou tkáň. Na druhou stranu lymfatická síť slouží jako bariéra proti nádorové diseminaci a je to transportní systém pro imunitně činné elementy v potlačování nádorového bujení. Cílem studie bylo prověřit, zda existuje rozdíl v hladinách sérového VEGF-D ve skupině pacientek s maligními tumory, s benigními lézemi vaječníku a u zdravých kontrol bez patologického nálezu na adnexech. Metody: Retrospektivně bylo zhodnoceno 162 sér odebraných předoperačně a uchovaných procesem mrazení v biobance v letech 2022–2023. Testovaný soubor byl stratifikován na základě histopatologického výsledku vyšetření adnex na skupinu maligních tumorů (n = 54), skupinu benigních lézí (n = 47) a skupinu zdravých kontrol (n = 61). Ke statistickému vyhodnocení parametrů byly použity metody deskriptivní statistické analýzy. Pro porovnání sérových hladin VEGF-D byly použity neparametrické testy. Všechny analýzy byly uvažovány na hladině významnosti 5 %. Sérový VEGF-D byl analyzován metodou ELISA Quantikine® Human VEGF D R&D Systems a hodnoty byly odečteny spektrofotometricky na readeru TECAN. Výsledky: Výsledek srovnání deskriptivních statistických parametrů je ve vyšetřovaném souboru statisticky významný (p = 0,00067) pro rozdíl mezi hodnotami sérového VEGF-D v souboru benigních lézí a maligních tumorů. Dále existuje statisticky významný rozdíl mezi hodnotami pacientek s maligními tumory a mezi zdravými kontrolami (p = 0,0008). Mezi hodnotami u pacientek s benigními lézemi a u zdravých kontrol nebyl nalezen statisticky významný rozdíl (p = 0,4308). Ve srovnání s konvenčním markerem CA125 korelovala patologicky zvýšená hladina sérového CA125 s nízkou hodnotou sérového VEGF-D u pacientek s maligními tumory. Stejná shoda panovala ve srovnání s markerem HE4: vysoké sérové hladiny HE4 byly ve skupině pacientek s maligním tumorem doprovázeny nízkou hladinou VEGF-D, navíc v bodovém grafickém zobrazení se jasně stratifikovala skupina pacientek s maligními tumory od skupiny benigních lézí a zdravých kontrol. Závěr: S ohledem na získané výsledky má vyšetřování sérové hladiny VEGF-D potenciál diagnostického testu s přínosem ke stratifikaci obtížně prebiopticky diferencovatelných adnextumorů.
Introduction: Until now, it is still true that late detection of ovarian cancer is a major cause of its poor prognosis. So far, no sufficiently sensitive and specific marker or combination of markers and imaging methods has been identified that would unambiguously allow the detection of early potentially highly-curable stages and furthermore prebioptically differentiate a group of poorly distinguishable benign lesions from malignant tumours on ultrasound. In a retrospective study design, serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor D (VEGF-D) were investigated. VEGF-D is related to tumour-induced angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and vascular remodelling with the effect of facilitating metastasis and improved oxygen and nutrient distribution into tumour tissue. On the other hand, the lymphatic network serves as a barrier against tumour dissemination and is a transport system for immune-active elements in suppressing tumorigenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate that there is a difference in serum VEGF-D levels in a group of patients with malignant tumours, benign ovarian lesions, and healthy controls without pathological findings in the adnexa. Methods: 162 sera collected preoperatively and preserved by a freezing process in a biobank in 2022–2023 were retrospectively evaluated. The test set was stratified on the basis of histopathological results of the adnexal examination into the malignant tumour group (N = 54), benign lesion group (N = 47), and healthy control group (N = 61). Descriptive statistical analysis methods were used for the statistical evaluation of the parameters. Nonparametric tests were used to compare serum VEGF-D levels. All analyses were considered at a significance level of 5%. Serum VEGF-D was analysed by ELISA Quantikine® Human VEGF D R&D Systems and values were read spectrophotometrically on a TECAN reader. Results: The result of the comparison of descriptive statistical parameters was statistically significant (P = 0.00067) for the difference between serum VEGF-D levels in the set of benign lesions and malignant tumours. Furthermore, there was a statistically significant difference between the values of patients with malignant tumours and healthy controls (P = 0.0008). No statistically significant difference was found between the values of patients with benign lesions and healthy controls (P = 0.4308). Compared to the conventional marker CA125, pathologically elevated serum CA125 levels correlated with low serum VEGF-D levels in patients with malignant tumours. The same concordance was observed in comparison with the HE4 marker: high serum HE4 levels were accompanied by low VEGF-D levels in the group of patients with malignant tumours; moreover, the dot plot clearly stratified the group of patients with malignant tumours from the group of benign lesions and healthy controls. Conclusion: In view of the results obtained, the investigation of serum VEGF-D levels has the potential of a diagnostic test with a contribution to the stratification of the difficult of prebioptically differentiating adnexal tumours.
Anthelmintic drugs are widespread environmental contaminants, but their impact is still poorly understood. Although contact of parasitic nematode Haemonchus contortus with traces of anthelmintic drug albendazole (ABZ) altered the expression and activity of several UDP-glycosyl transferases (UGTs) and P-glycoproteins (Pgps, belonging to ABC-transporters), key enzymes in endogenous and xenobiotic metabolism, it is not known whether these changes will last during the life cycle and pass to the next generations. In the present study simulating the environmental-like exposure, free-living stages of H. contortus were exposed or unexposed to a sub-lethal dose of ABZ and its transformation products (ABZs) during L3 development. The L3 served for lambs' infection and obtaining of H. contortus adults and eggs, which were again exposed or unexposed to ABZs during L3 development. The expression pattern of UGTs and Pgps was analysed and compared in the first generation of L3, in the adults, and in the second generation of L3. The results showed that ABZs exposition during larvae development altered the expression of several ugt and pgp genes in L3 and adults. The intrageneration stability of ABZs-evoked changes was observed in the case of three genes, four genes maintained the intergeneration stability. Interestingly, ABZs-induced changes in the expression of some genes became apparent only in the second generation of L3. Taking together, contact of free-living stages of H. contortus with traces of ABZs in the environment evokes changes in the expression of certain UGTs and Pgps, with some of these changes being intra- and inter-generation stable.
OBJECTIVE: Preeclampsia is a major pregnancy complication that results in significant maternal and infant mortality and morbidity, yet difficulties remain in the diagnosis of preeclampsia based on clinical parameters alone. The objective was to assess the performance of a hand-held point-of-care (POC) immunoassay in a clinical environment for glycosylated fibronectin (GlyFn) for the prediction of preeclampsia within 4 weeks of sampling. METHODS: Multinational European prospective observational pilot study of predominantly high-risk patients in the second half of pregnancy to assess a point-of-care immunoassay for GlyFn in predicting preeclampsia within 4 weeks of sampling. GlyFn was measured using a second generation hand held POC immunoassay. Results were considered normal for GlyFn concentrations of < 350 μg/mL, positive for GlyFn concentrations of 351-600 μg/mL, and high-positive for GlyFn concentrations > 600 μg/mL. RESULTS: Preeclampsia developed in 16 (19%) of 84 subjects and was associated with a shorter gestational age at delivery 35.3 weeks vs. 37.3 weeks for non-preeclamptics, n = 82; p = 0.001), a higher risk of fetal growth restriction (FGR; 31.2% vs. 10.3% for non-preeclamptics, p = 0.046), and an increased risk of preterm birth < 37 weeks gestation (83.3% vs. 33.3% for non-preeclamptics, (n = 78; p = 0.003). GlyFn positive or high positive was seen in 13/16 (81%) and in 35/68 (51.5%), yielding a sensitivity of 81%, a specificity of 49%, a positive predictive value of 27%, and a negative predictive value of 92%. GlyFn positive or high positive was also associated with preterm birth < 37 weeks in singleton pregnancy non-preeclamptic patients. Preterm birth occurred in 4.8% of those with normal GlyFn, in 26.7% with positive GlyFn, and in 50% of those with high GlyFn in singleton gestations without preeclampsia (p = 0.008). CONCLUSION: The ability to use this test in a POC format provides a method for practitioners to quickly determine risk for preeclampsia in their pregnant patients and offers an affordable alternative, as a single analyte to other diagnostic or screening tests that require laboratory-based testing or ultrasound equipment. Independent of preeclampsia, an elevated GlyFn was also correlated with preterm delivery and requires further study.
- MeSH
- biologické markery analýza MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- fibronektiny * analýza MeSH
- gestační stáří MeSH
- glykované proteiny MeSH
- imunoanalýza metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pilotní projekty MeSH
- point of care testing MeSH
- prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
- preeklampsie * diagnóza MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- vyšetření u lůžka MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
The etiology of bone loss in celiac disease (CeD) remains a clinical challenge, with uncertainties present such as the extent of involvement of malabsorption and inflammation-induced osteoresorption processes in development of osteopenia/osteoporosis (OPN/OP), or reasons for failure to achieve healthy bone mass (BMD) even after long-term gluten-free diet (GFD) treatment. This observational prospective study explores the in vitro osteoclastogenic potential of peripheral blood precursors originating from adult active (newly diagnosed and untreated) celiac disease patients (aCeD) and describes the longitudinal changes in osteoclastogenesis after long-term adherence to GFD. To find connections between in vitro observations and in vivo bone metabolism changes, serum levels of 25(OH)D3, PTH, bCTX, PINP, CRP, IL-6, RANKL and OPG were measured before and after GFD and levels of these markers were correlated with the rate of osteoclastogenesis in vitro. OPG and IL-6 showed associations with BMD and/or presence of OPN/OP. Patients after GFD (CeD-GFD) exhibited improved BMD and increased serum 25(OH)D3 levels, alongside reduced bCTX and PINP levels. Compared to healthy donors, aCeD osteoclast genesis in vitro was higher and, surprisingly, remained elevated even in CeD-GFD patients. Negative correlation was found between osteoclastogenesis rate and serum OPG in aCeD, while osteoclastogenesis rate positively correlated with PTH in CeD-GFD. These results highlight OPG as marker for risk of OPN/OP in CeD and suggest that improvement of BMD after GFD is a result of uncoupling between bone metabolism and osteoresorptive action of osteoclasts after GFD.
- MeSH
- bezlepková dieta * MeSH
- celiakie * dietoterapie metabolismus MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- interleukin-6 * krev metabolismus MeSH
- kostní denzita MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- osteogeneze MeSH
- osteoklasty metabolismus MeSH
- osteoporóza etiologie metabolismus MeSH
- osteoprotegerin * krev metabolismus MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- vitamin D krev aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
OBJECTIVES: To analyze the prevalence and severity of fetal aortic regurgitation (AR) after undergoing successful fetal aortic valvuloplasty (FAV) and to evaluate its effects on fetal circulation and left ventricular (LV) growth. METHODS: This was a retrospective review of all fetuses with critical aortic stenosis who underwent successful FAV at our center between 2010 and 2024 for whom postnatal echocardiograms were available in digital format. Fetal and postnatal echocardiographic examinations were analyzed for ventricular and valvular dimensions and characteristics, and Z-scores were calculated for middle cerebral artery (MCA) pulsatility index (PI), umbilical artery (UA) PI and cerebroplacental ratio. AR severity was classified into no/mild AR or significant (moderate/severe) AR. The balloon-to-aortic valve ratio (BVR) was calculated as the ratio between the maximum actual balloon diameter and the aortic valve (AV) annulus diameter. The primary endpoints of this study were the prevalence, severity and risk factors for fetal AR following successful FAV. RESULTS: Ninety-nine fetuses who underwent successful FAV were included. Immediate post-FAV echocardiograms showed that 87% of fetuses developed some degree of AR, including 45% of all fetuses with significant AR. BVR was significantly higher in fetuses with significant AR compared to those with no/mild AR (mean, 1.09 (95% CI, 1.06-1.12) vs 1.02 (95% CI, 0.99-1.04); P < 0.001). In a subgroup of 66/99 fetuses with available postnatal echocardiograms, the prevalence of AR decreased significantly from 86% before birth to 58% after birth (P < 0.001), with the proportion of fetuses with significant AR reducing from 47% before birth to 17% after birth (P < 0.001). In the overall cohort of fetuses, AV maximum velocity (Vmax) increased significantly from post-FAV to after birth (mean, 1.93 (95% CI, 1.75-2.11) m/s vs 3.21 (95% CI, 2.89-3.55) m/s; P < 0.001), regardless of AR severity, but Vmax after birth was lower in the significant-AR group compared with the no/mild-AR group (mean, 2.85 m/s vs 3.55 m/s; P = 0.020). Fetuses with significant AR exhibited higher relative LV length increases from immediately post-FAV to after birth than did those with no/mild AR (25% (95% CI, 16-33%) vs 14% (95% CI, 6-21%); P = 0.044), although there was no significant difference in mean LV length Z-score after birth between the two groups. FAV led to significant short-term increases in MCA-PI and UA-PI Z-scores, with greater increases observed in fetuses with significant AR. CONCLUSIONS: FAV is associated with a high prevalence of fetal AR, which lessens in severity over the course of gestation. Significant fetal AR had the largest association with greater BVR and had significant impact on fetal hemodynamics. © 2025 The Author(s). Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
- MeSH
- aortální chlopeň diagnostické zobrazování embryologie MeSH
- aortální insuficience * diagnostické zobrazování epidemiologie patofyziologie MeSH
- aortální stenóza diagnostické zobrazování embryologie epidemiologie patofyziologie MeSH
- balónková valvuloplastika * MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- echokardiografie metody MeSH
- fetální srdce diagnostické zobrazování patofyziologie MeSH
- gestační stáří MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemoci plodu epidemiologie diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- stupeň závažnosti nemoci MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ultrasonografie prenatální * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
OBJECTIVE: Insulin-sensitizing drugs, despite their broad use against type 2 diabetes, can adversely affect bone health, and the mechanisms underlying these side effects remain largely unclear. Here, we investigated the different metabolic effects of a series of thiazolidinediones, including rosiglitazone, pioglitazone, and the second-generation compound MSDC-0602K, on human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). METHODS: We developed 13C subcellular metabolomic tracer analysis measuring separate mitochondrial and cytosolic metabolite pools, lipidomic network-based isotopologue models, and bioorthogonal click chemistry, to demonstrate that MSDC-0602K differentially affected bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) and adipose tissue-derived MSCs (AT-MSCs). In BM-MSCs, MSDC-0602K promoted osteoblastic differentiation and suppressed adipogenesis. This effect was clearly distinct from that of the earlier drugs and that on AT-MSCs. RESULTS: Fluxomic data reveal unexpected differences between this drug's effect on MSCs and provide mechanistic insight into the pharmacologic inhibition of mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 1 (MPC). Our study demonstrates that MSDC-0602K retains the capacity to inhibit MPC, akin to rosiglitazone but unlike pioglitazone, enabling the utilization of alternative metabolic pathways. Notably, MSDC-0602K exhibits a limited lipogenic potential compared to both rosiglitazone and pioglitazone, each of which employs a distinct lipogenic strategy. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that the new-generation drugs do not compromise bone structure, offering a safer alternative for treating insulin resistance. Moreover, these results highlight the ability of cell compartment-specific metabolite labeling by click reactions and tracer metabolomics analysis of complex lipids to discover molecular mechanisms within the intersection of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism.
- MeSH
- adipogeneze * účinky léků MeSH
- buněčná diferenciace účinky léků MeSH
- hypoglykemika farmakologie MeSH
- kultivované buňky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metabolomika MeSH
- mezenchymální kmenové buňky * účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- osteogeneze * účinky léků MeSH
- pioglitazon farmakologie MeSH
- rosiglitazon farmakologie MeSH
- thiazolidindiony * farmakologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Toxocara canis is a widespread parasite of canids with a wide range of paratenic hosts, but also one of the overlooked agents causing nervous system infections of humans. Previous experimental infections of mice demonstrated the impact of high infection doses of larvae on neurobehavioral disorders and pathological changes. In contrast to previous studies, we aimed to investigate the long-term (up to 100 weeks) impact of low- to high-dose infection in mice. We focused on their physical condition, motor skills, and the accompanying pathologies in the brain. Three groups of BALB/c mice were infected with 10, 100, and 1000 T. canis larvae/mouse and specific anti-T. canis excretory-secretory antigens immunoglobulin G antibody response, general condition, and motor skills were tested in defined intervals within 100 weeks after infection. The number of larvae in selected organs was assessed and the pathological changes in the brain were studied histologically. As a result, subtle to severe impairments in general condition and motor skills were detected, with generally earlier onsets occurring the higher the infection dose was. The specific immunoglobulin G antibody levels corresponding to the infection dose were detected in all infected groups. Necrosis, cellular infiltrations, and foamy cells developed in moderate- and high-infection dose mice, in contrast with hemorrhages detected in all groups. This study demonstrated the long-term negative impact of T. canis infection on the paratenic host, particularly at moderate and high infectious doses. Although pathological changes in the brain were observed even in low-infection dose mice, their physical and motor condition was comparable to the control group.
- MeSH
- imunoglobulin G * krev MeSH
- larva MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- mozek * parazitologie patologie MeSH
- myši inbrední BALB C * MeSH
- myši MeSH
- protilátky helmintové * krev MeSH
- Toxocara canis * imunologie MeSH
- toxokaróza * parazitologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- myši MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
