Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder accompanied by narrow interests, difficulties in communication and social interaction, and repetitive behavior. In addition, ASD is frequently associated with eating and feeding problems. Although the symptoms of ASD are more likely to be observed in boys, the prevalence of eating disorders is more common in females. The ingestive behavior is regulated by the integrative system of the brain, which involves both homeostatic and hedonic neural circuits. Sex differences in the physiology of food intake depend on sex hormones regulating the expression of the ASD-associated Shank genes. Shank3 mutation leads to ASD-like traits and Shank3B -/- mice have been established as an animal model to study the neurobiology of ASD. Therefore, the long-lasting neuronal activity in the central neural circuit related to the homeostatic and hedonic regulation of food intake was evaluated in both sexes of Shank3B mice, followed by the evaluation of the food intake and preference. In the Shank3B +/+ genotype, well-preserved relationships in the tonic activity within the homeostatic neural network together with the relationships between ingestion and hedonic preference were observed in males but were reduced in females. These interrelations were partially or completely lost in the mice with the Shank3B -/- genotype. A decreased hedonic preference for the sweet taste but increased total food intake was found in the Shank3B -/- mice. In the Shank3B -/- group, there were altered sex differences related to the amount of tonic cell activity in the hedonic and homeostatic neural networks, together with altered sex differences in sweet and sweet-fat solution intake. Furthermore, the Shank3B -/- females exhibited an increased intake and preference for cheese compared to the Shank3B +/+ ones. The obtained data indicate altered functional crosstalk between the central homeostatic and hedonic neural circuits involved in the regulation of food intake in ASD.
- MeSH
- homeostáza * fyziologie MeSH
- mikrofilamentové proteiny * genetika metabolismus MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- myši inbrední C57BL MeSH
- myši knockoutované MeSH
- myši MeSH
- pohlavní dimorfismus * MeSH
- poruchy autistického spektra * genetika metabolismus MeSH
- preference v jídle fyziologie MeSH
- přijímání potravy * fyziologie genetika MeSH
- proteiny nervové tkáně * genetika MeSH
- protoonkogenní proteiny c-fos metabolismus biosyntéza MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- myši MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- referenční dieta, EAT-Lancet,
- MeSH
- analýza potravin MeSH
- dietoterapie * metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- postoj MeSH
- přijímání potravy MeSH
- publikace MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- trvale udržitelný rozvoj MeSH
- zdravá strava * metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- MeSH
- dezinfekce MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pití * MeSH
- pitná voda mikrobiologie zákonodárství a právo MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
We aimed to describe facial directional asymmetry (DA) in individuals with different manifestations of laterality. Due to the overlap between brain and face development, a relationship between the manifestation of brain laterality and DA is hypothesised. These findings could clarify the relationship between the brain and facial phenotype and help to plan facial or oral motor rehabilitation. The DA of 163 healthy individuals was assessed by two complementary 3D methods: landmark and polygonal surface analysis using colour-coded maps. Handedness was assessed using the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory, while chewing side and eye preferences were self-reported. The results showed a similar DA pattern regardless of sex and laterality (the right-sided protrusion of the forehead, nose, lips, and chin) and a slightly curved C-shape of the midline in landmark analysis. A relationship between lateralized behaviours and DA was found only in males, in females the DA pattern was more homogenous. Right-handed individuals and right-side chewers showed a protrusion of the right hemiface. Males, left-handed and left-side chewers, manifested a protrusion of the left lateral hemiface. We suggest that these specific differences in males may be due to their typically higher level of brain asymmetry. No apparent relationship was found between eyedness and DA.
- MeSH
- asymetrie obličeje * patofyziologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- funkční lateralita * fyziologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- obličej fyziologie MeSH
- žvýkání * fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- MeSH
- inzulinová rezistence fyziologie MeSH
- kanabinoidy metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mastné kyseliny * dějiny fyziologie klasifikace metabolismus MeSH
- nenasycené mastné kyseliny fyziologie metabolismus MeSH
- obezita * patofyziologie MeSH
- přijímání potravy MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
- MeSH
- analýza potravin MeSH
- fyziologie výživy * MeSH
- klinická studie jako téma MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lipidy * MeSH
- manipulace s potravinami klasifikace metody MeSH
- mastné kyseliny MeSH
- přijímání potravy MeSH
- směrnice pro lékařskou praxi jako téma MeSH
- tuky klasifikace MeSH
- výživové doporučené dávky MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
