The liver and the biliary tree form the main excretory route of manganese (Mn) and copper (Cu). Cholestasis, can lead to the accumulation of these trace elements in the organism, resulting in toxicity to the basal ganglia of the central nervous system. The aim of our study was to reveal the influence of long-term cholestasis on the Mn and Cu levels in the blood of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). We recruited patients with PBC (n = 20) and PSC (n = 32). A control group (n = 40) was also set up. We also examined serum bile acid concentrations and liver enzyme activities. We did not observe any significant differences in any of these parameters between the PBC and PSC groups. The Mn and Cu levels in the PBC and PSC patients differed significantly from the that in the control group (p < 0.0001 and p < .021, respectively). Patients in whom the laboratory cholestasis markers normalized during ursodeoxycholic acid treatment (18/52;35%) presented with significantly lower levels of Mn and Cu (p = .015 and p = .012, respectively). Ten PSC patients showed normal levels of Mn and Cu six months after liver transplantation. Fine tremors, rigidity, dysarthria, and hypomimia were reported in nine (23%), eight (20%), four (10%), and eight (20%) patients, respectively. In addition to monitoring the cholestasis levels, liver function, and Mn and Cu levels during the long-term treatment of PBC and PSC patients, it is important to also regularly monitor the occurrence and development of extrapyramidal symptoms of Parkinson's-like syndromes.
- MeSH
- biliární cirhóza krev terapie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mangan krev MeSH
- měď krev MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- sklerozující cholangitida krev terapie MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- transplantace jater MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
S100 proteins are involved in biological events related to colorectal carcinogenesis. Aim of this prospective study was to assess serum concentration of S100A6, A8, A9 and A11 proteins in patients with colorectal neoplasia. Eighty-four subjects were enrolled: 20 controls (average risk population with normal findings on colonoscopy; 7 men, 13 women, age 23-74, mean 55 ± 14), 20 patients with non-advanced colorectal adenoma (non-AA, 10 men, 10 women, age 41-82, mean 62 ± 11), 22 with advanced colorectal adenoma (AA, 15 men, 7 women, age 49-80, mean 64 ± 8) and 22 with colorectal cancer (CRC, 12 men, 10 women, age 49-86, mean 69 ± 10). Peripheral venous blood was obtained. Serum S100 proteins were investigated by enzyme immunoassay technique. Serum S100A6 was significantly lower in CRC (mean 8530 ± 4743 ng/L), p = .035 compared to controls (mean 11308 ± 2968 ng/L). Serum S100A8 was significantly higher in AA (median 11955 ng/L, IQR 2681-34756 ng/L), p = .009 and in CRC (median 27532 ng/L, IQR 6794-35092 ng/L), p < .001 compared to controls (median 2513 ng/L, IQR 2111-4881 ng/L). Serum S100A9 concentrations did not differ between any tested group and controls, p > .05. Serum concentration of S100A11 was significantly lower in non-AA (mean 3.5 ± 2.4 μg/L), p = .004 and in CRC (mean 3.4 ± 2.4 μg/L), p = .002 compared to controls (mean 5.9 ± 2.5 μg/L). Sensitivity and specificity for S100A8 protein in patients with CRC were 94% and 73%; positive predictive value 68% and negative predictive value 95%. Patients with colorectal neoplasia have significantly lower serum S100A6 and S100A11 levels, significantly higher S100A8 and unaltered serum S100A9 levels.
- MeSH
- adenom krev diagnóza genetika patologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- ELISA MeSH
- exprese genu MeSH
- kalgranulin A krev genetika MeSH
- kalgranulin B krev genetika MeSH
- karcinogeneze genetika metabolismus patologie MeSH
- kolorektální nádory krev diagnóza genetika patologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádorové biomarkery krev genetika MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- protein S100A6 krev genetika MeSH
- proteiny buněčného cyklu krev genetika MeSH
- proteiny S100 krev genetika MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- senzitivita a specificita MeSH
- studie případů a kontrol MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The study aimed to investigate free light chain (FLC) monoclonality in patients with an abnormal free kappa/lambda ratio (FLC ratio). Seventy serum samples with abnormal FLC ratio were examined using an immunoturbidimetry (Binding Site, SPA) and the two different enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (1. Sebia diagnostic kit; 2. in house methods), the monoclonal or oligoclonal bands of (FLC) by immunofixation electrophoresis (IE) and isoelectric focusing followed by affinity immunoblotting (IEF/AIB). The reference interval was calculated by non-parametric percentile method. 5.7% of samples examined by IE were suspected of monoclonal character of FLCs, but subsequently monoclonality was refuted by more sensitive IEF/AIB method; 7%, resp. 2.9% of samples showed FLC kappa, resp. FLC lambda oligoclonal character of bands. A statistically significant dependence was found between FLC ratio (Sebia) and FLC ratio (SPA), rs = 0.510, p = .001. Kappa statistic evaluated a fair conformity between the FLC ratio (Sebia) and IEF/AIB (kappa = 0.468) and between FLC ratio (in house) and IEF/AIB (kappa = 0.300). The verified reference interval for FLC ratio (Binding Site) is between 0.35 and 2.18. The IEF/AIB is the most sensitive method to discriminate between monoclonal and oligoclonal bands of FLC. The Binding Site and Sebia diagnostic kits do not give consistent results. The Binding Site diagnostic kit provides more results above reference interval of FLC ratios. For routine decision on monoclonality of the FLC ratio (SPA) it is advisable to use a verified reference interval.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- imunoglobuliny - lambda-řetězce analýza imunologie MeSH
- isoelektrická fokusace metody MeSH
- krevní proteiny analýza MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- monoklonální protilátky analýza imunologie MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
Urolithiasis is a frequent and in many cases serious disease. Proper analysis of kidney stone composition is crucial for appropriate treatment and prevention of disease recurrence. In this work, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive spectroscopy was applied for a study of 30 samples covering the most common types of human kidney stones. The results are analyzed and evaluated in terms of applicability of the method for both routine kidney stone analysis as well as collecting of specific data. The method provides complex information about studied samples including morphology of the stones and of the present crystals or their aggregates. It also brings information on elemental composition of the phases. After application of standardization, quantitative microanalysis with detection limits of 400 ppm (Mg, P, S, Cl, K, Ca), 500 ppm (Na) and 1200 ppm (F) was obtained. Compositional mapping with EDS shows the elemental distribution within a sample. This study demonstrated that information on morphology and chemistry acquired by these methods was highly reliable for identification of phases, even when present in small amounts. It provided information on kidney stone structure, relationships between phases, major and minor element content, and variations in chemical composition related to the growth of the stones. SEM represents a powerful tool in urinary stone analysis, since a single facility can produce a wide spectrum of information. It can be suggested as a basic method used for routine urinary stone identification, whilst bringing additional detailed information that cannot be obtained by other methods.
This study evaluates the performance of microscopic part of a hybrid analyzer FUS-2000 (Dirui Industrial Co., Changchun, China), its analytical properties and particle recognition. The evaluation of trueness, repeatability, detection limit, carry-over, linearity range and analytical stability was performed according to Dirui protocol guidelines designed by Dirui Company to guarantee the quality of the instrument. Trueness for low, medium and high-value concentrations was calculated with bias of 15.5, 4.7 and -6.6%, respectively. Detection limit of 5 Ery/μl was confirmed. Coefficient of variation of 11.0, 5.2 and 3.8% was measured for within-run repeatability of low, medium and high concentration. Between-run repeatability for daily quality control had coefficient of variation of 3.0%. Carry-over did not exceed 0.05%. Linearity was confirmed for range of 0-16,000 particles/μl (R2 = 0.9997). The analytical stability had coefficient of variation of 4.3%. Out of 1258 analyzed urine samples, 362 positive were subjected to light microscopy urine sediment analysis and compared to the analyzer results. Cohen's kappa coefficients were calculated to express the concordance. Squared kappa coefficient was 0.927 (red blood cells), 0.888 (white blood cells), 0.908 (squamous epithelia), 0.634 (transitional epithelia), 0.628 (hyaline casts), 0.843 (granular casts) and 0.623 (bacteria). Single kappa coefficients were 0.885 (yeasts) and 0.756 (crystals), respectively. Aforementioned results show good analytical performance of the analyzer and tight agreement with light microscopy of urine sediment.
- MeSH
- analýza moči přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- referenční hodnoty MeSH
- směrnice jako téma MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- hodnotící studie MeSH
Arterial stiffness is a marker of vascular damage. Although adiposity increases cardiovascular risk, the relationship between paediatric overweight and arterial stiffness is unclear. The study aimed to evaluate the simultaneous effect of hypertension and overweight on arterial stiffness using cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and related novel, theoretically blood pressure (BP)-independent, index CAVI0. CAVI and CAVI0 were measured in 140 adolescent boys (16.0 ± 1.9 years) divided into age-matched groups: normal-weight normotensives, overweight normotensives, overweight white-coat hypertensives, and overweight essential hypertensives. Overweight normotensives had significantly lower CAVI and CAVI0 compared to normal-weight normotensives (4.81 ± 0.64 vs. 5.33 ± 0.66, p < .01; 7.10 ± 0.99 vs. 7.81 ± 1.00, p < .01, respectively). CAVI and CAVI0 in overweight essential hypertensives showed no significant difference compared to normal-weight normotensives and were significantly higher compared to overweight normotensives (5.32 ± 0.77 vs. 4.81 ± 0.64, p < .01; 7.77 ± 1.19 vs. 7.10 ± 0.99, p < .01, respectively). CAVI, but not CAVI0, was associated positively with diastolic pressure (0.022 mmHg-1, p = .002) and negatively with pulse pressure (-0.022 mmHg-1, p = .001), and it was significantly higher in overweight white-coat hypertensives compared to overweight normotensives (5.20 ± 0.63 vs. 4.81 ± 0.64, p < .05). The lowering effect of overweight on arterial stiffness indexed by CAVI and CAVI0 in hypertensive adolescents seems to counterbalance the early arteriosclerotic effect of essential hypertension. The increase in CAVI, but not CAVI0, in overweight white-coat hypertensives could be attributable to residual BP dependence of CAVI, which is not present in CAVI0. Under certain conditions, CAVI0 may offer a clinically relevant improved assessment of arterial stiffness superior to CAVI.
- MeSH
- analýza pulzové vlny MeSH
- arterioskleróza diagnóza MeSH
- hypertenze diagnóza MeSH
- kotník krevní zásobení MeSH
- krevní tlak MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- nadváha patologie patofyziologie MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- tuhost cévní stěny MeSH
- zlepšení kvality MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
BACKGROUND: Citalopram, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRi), is widely used to treat major depression. Patients treated with SSRIs suffer more frequently from bleeding disorders caused by the antiplatelet effect of SSRIs. METHODS: To investigate the potential suppressive effect of citalopram treatment on plasma thromboxane B2 levels and its possible correlation with actual plasma concentration of citalopram. Plasma concentrations of thromboxane B2 and citalopram were examined in a cohort of 77 aspirin-treated geriatric patients before and in the third week of citalopram therapy. RESULTS: Citalopram therapy led to a significant decrease of plasma concentrations of thromboxane B2 compared to its levels before initiation of the therapy. Furthermore, we have shown negative correlation in thromboxane B2 levels and actual plasma concentration of citalopram. Actual plasma concentrations of citalopram were significantly higher compared to younger adult patients treated with similar dose. CONCLUSIONS: In this study we have shown that even short-term citalopram therapy led to a suppression of thromboxane B2 production in aspirin-treated patients. This suppressive effect correlates with actual plasma concentration of citalopram.
- MeSH
- Aspirin farmakologie MeSH
- citalopram krev farmakologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- selektivní inhibitory zpětného vychytávání serotoninu krev farmakologie MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- thromboxan B2 krev MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to verify the reference intervals of plasma matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 2, 3, and 9 and serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in a healthy population with an average age corresponding to that of patients with cardiovascular diseases. METHODS: The study included 180 healthy volunteers. Plasma MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9, and serum ADMA levels were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. These levels were analyzed for association with age and gender. The Cbstat5, R software, and NCSS 2007 programs were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The average volunteer age was 47.4 years in the group in which MMP-3 and ADMA were analyzed, 40.3 years in the MMP-9 group, and 47.8 years for the MMP-2 group. Serum ADMA levels were determined to be independent of age and gender. Plasma MMP-2 levels were significantly correlated with age (p = 0.001), with lower levels detected in persons ≤ 49 years of age. Plasma MMP-3 was significantly associated with both age (p < 0.0001) and gender, with lower levels detected in persons of ≤ 47 years of age and among women. Plasma MMP-9 levels were not age dependent, but were associated with gender (p = 0.014), showing lower levels in women. CONCLUSIONS: Reference intervals of heparin-plasma MMP-2, MMP-3, and MMP-9 and serum ADMA levels were determined. MMP-2 and MMP-3 levels were found to be age dependent, and MMP-3 and MMP-9 levels were gender dependent.
- MeSH
- arginin analogy a deriváty krev MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- matrixová metaloproteinasa 2 krev MeSH
- matrixová metaloproteinasa 3 krev MeSH
- matrixová metaloproteinasa 9 krev MeSH
- referenční hodnoty MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- klinická studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
BACKGROUND: Hypothermic coagulopathy is very challenging in bleeding trauma patients. Therefore, we decided to evaluate the efficacy of fibrinogen and prothrombin complex in 30°C hypothermia in vitro to investigate if higher levels of fibrinogen and prothrombin complex concentrate can compensate for the hypothermic effect on coagulation as measured by thromboelastometry/thromboelastography. METHODS: Blood samples were obtained from 12 healthy volunteers (six men and six women) in our study. Measurements were performed at 37°C and 30°C simultaneously, then at 30°C with adding fibrinogen and prothrombin complex and in the last step samples with added coagulation factors were warmed back to 37°C. RESULTS: We found that 30°C hypothermic coagulopathy can be detected both by thromboelastometry and thromboelastography. Hypothermic coagulopathy can be restored by fibrinogen to the point where the results do not significantly differ from 37°C values (p > 0.05). After warming the sample with fibrinogen to 37°C, the thrombodynamic potential index was not significantly different from baseline (p > 0.05), although there was a trend to prothrombotic status. The addition of prothrombin complex concentrate to 30°C hypothermic sample was not able to correct hypothermic coagulopathy in vitro. CONCLUSIONS: Coagulopathy caused by the 30°C hypothermia in vitro model can be corrected by fibrinogen concentrate compared to prothrombin complex concentrate. In spite of a tendency to prothrombotic status, this was not significant with the use of the recommended dose of fibrinogen even after warming the blood to 37°C. However, measurement performed at 37°C seems to be safer than at 30°C.
- MeSH
- biologické modely * MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- fibrinogen farmakologie MeSH
- hemokoagulace účinky léků MeSH
- koagulační faktory farmakologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- rotace MeSH
- terapeutická hypotermie * MeSH
- tromboelastografie metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
As has been known for over a century, oxygen binding onto hemoglobin is influenced by the activity of hydrogen ions (H⁺), as well as the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO₂). As is also known, the binding of both CO₂and H⁺ on terminal valine-1 residues is competitive. One-parametric situations of these hemoglobin equilibria at specific levels of H⁺, O₂or CO₂are also well described. However, we think interpolating or extrapolating this knowledge into an 'empirical' function of three independent variables has not yet been completely satisfactory. We present a model that integrates three orthogonal views of hemoglobin oxygenation, titration, and carbamination at different temperatures. The model is based only on chemical principles, Adair's oxygenation steps and Van't Hoff equation of temperature dependences. Our model fits the measurements of the Haldane coefficient and CO₂hemoglobin saturation. It also fits the oxygen dissociation curve influenced by simultaneous changes in H⁺, CO₂and O₂, which makes it a strong candidate for integration into more complex models of blood acid-base with gas transport, where any combination of mentioned substances can appear.
- MeSH
- acidobazická rovnováha MeSH
- biologické modely MeSH
- hemoglobiny chemie metabolismus MeSH
- kyslík krev MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- oxid uhličitý krev MeSH
- oxyhemoglobiny metabolismus MeSH
- protony MeSH
- teplota MeSH
- vazebná místa MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
