This study assessed the potential of dried Cayenne pepper (CP; Capsicum annuum L.) as a natural additive to rice bran oil (RBO), grape seed oil (GSO), and virgin olive oil (OO). Key analyses included peroxide and acid values, oxidative stability (Rancimat method), the composition of fatty acids (FAs) (GC-FID method), antioxidant activity (AA; DPPH method), and antimicrobial properties (disc diffusion method). Capsaicin and the dihydrocapsaicin contents in CP were quantified (HPLC-DAD method) as 1499.37 ± 3.64 and 1449.04 ± 5.14 mg/kg DW, respectively. Oleic acid (C18:1cis n9) dominated in OO (69.70%), OO-CP (69.73%), and RBO-CP (38.97%), while linoleic acid (C18:2cis n6) prevailed in RBO (41.34%), GSO (57.93%), and GSO-CP (58.03%). The addition of CP influenced the FA profile, particularly linoleic acid in OO and RBO, and all FAs in GSO. Peroxide and acid values increased significantly in RBO and GSO upon CP addition, but induction times remained unaffected. The strongest AA (77.00 ± 0.13%) was observed in OO-CP. Cayenne pepper significantly enhanced the antioxidant profiles of all oils compared to the counterparts. However, the antimicrobial activity was weak (≤5.0 mm inhibition zones) against tested microorganisms. These findings support CP as a functional additive for enhancing the nutritional and functional properties of gourmet oils, while highlighting the need for further optimization to improve stability and bioactivity.
- Klíčová slova
- Cayenne pepper red, antimicrobial activity, antioxidant activity, fatty acids, health benefits, technological profile, vegetable oils,
- MeSH
- antiinfekční látky farmakologie chemie MeSH
- antioxidancia * farmakologie chemie MeSH
- Capsicum * chemie MeSH
- kapsaicin analogy a deriváty farmakologie analýza MeSH
- mastné kyseliny analýza MeSH
- oleje rostlin chemie farmakologie MeSH
- olivový olej chemie MeSH
- rýžový olej chemie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antiinfekční látky MeSH
- antioxidancia * MeSH
- dihydrocapsaicin MeSH Prohlížeč
- kapsaicin MeSH
- mastné kyseliny MeSH
- oleje rostlin MeSH
- olivový olej MeSH
- rýžový olej MeSH
Mitochondrial morphology is an important parameter of cellular fitness. Although many approaches are available for assessing mitochondrial morphology in mammalian cells, only a few technically demanding and laborious methods are available for yeast cells. A robust, fully automated and user-friendly approach that would allow (1) segmentation of tubular and spherical mitochondria in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae from conventional wide-field fluorescence images and (2) quantitative assessment of mitochondrial morphology is lacking. To address this, we compared Global thresholding segmentation with deep learning MitoSegNet segmentation, which we retrained on yeast cells. The deep learning model outperformed the Global thresholding segmentation. We applied it to segment mitochondria in strain lacking the MMI1/TMA19 gene encoding an ortholog of the human TCTP protein. Next, we performed a quantitative evaluation of segmented mitochondria by analyses available in ImageJ/Fiji and by MitoA analysis available in the MitoSegNet toolbox. By monitoring a wide range of morphological parameters, we described a novel mitochondrial phenotype of the mmi1Δ strain after its exposure to oxidative stress compared to that of the wild-type strain. The retrained deep learning model, all macros applied to run the analyses, as well as the detailed procedure are now available at https://github.com/LMCF-IMG/Morphology_Yeast_Mitochondria .
- Klíčová slova
- Deep learning, Mitochondria, Mmi1, Oxidative stress, TCTP, Yeast,
- MeSH
- deep learning MeSH
- fluorescenční mikroskopie metody MeSH
- mitochondrie * metabolismus MeSH
- oxidační stres MeSH
- počítačové zpracování obrazu * metody MeSH
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae - proteiny metabolismus genetika MeSH
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae * genetika metabolismus MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae - proteiny MeSH
Despite its undeniable advantages, the operation of a CT scanner also carries risks to human health. The CT scanner is a source of ionizing radiation, which also affects people in its surroundings. The aim of this paper is to quantify the radiation exposure of workers at a 3D CT wood scanning workplace and to determine a monitoring program based on measurements of ionizing radiation levels during the operation of a CT log scanner. The workplace is located in the Biotechnology Park of the National Forestry Centre. The ionizing radiation source is located in a protective cabin as a MICROTEC 3D CT machine with an X-ray lamp as X-ray source. The CT scanner is part of the 3D CT scanning line and its function is continuous quality scanning or detection of internal defects of the examined wood. The measurement of leakage radiation during scanning is performed with a metrologically verified meter. The measured quantity is the ambient dose equivalent rate H˙*10. The results of the measurements at the selected measurement sites have shown that, after installation of additional safety barriers, the CT scanner for the logs complies with the most strict criteria in terms of radiation protection. Workers present at the workplace during the operation of the CT scanner are not exposed to radiation higher than the background radiation level.
- Klíčová slova
- CT scanner, leakage radiation, measurement, radiation protection, risk, safety,
- MeSH
- dávka záření MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- počítače MeSH
- počítačová rentgenová tomografie * metody MeSH
- pracoviště MeSH
- radiační ochrana * MeSH
- rentgenové záření MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
This work evaluates the effects of accelerated aging on the discolouration of surface-treated spruce wood and oak wood coated with solvent-based polyurethane lacquers, and surface-treated spruce wood coated with water-based transparent coating systems. All concerned coating materials were intended for indoor use. It was also explored how the colour stability of spruce wood and oak wood surfaces treated with solvent-based polyurethane lacquers was affected by wood surface layer modifications with pigment or stain mordants applied before these lacquers. Another issue studied was how the lignin stabilizer admixed into the primer and pigments admixed into the top coating layers affected the stability of water-based coating systems on spruce. The experimental results showed that the accelerated aging process with a simulation of indoor conditions induced significant discolouration of wood surfaces coated with solvent-based polyurethane lacquers and water-based coating systems. There were also confirmed significant impacts of all the studied factors (wood species, lacquer/coating system type, lacquer modification, wood pre-treatment with pigment and stain mordants). The spruce wood surfaces coated with solvent-based polyurethane lacquers were less stable (ΔE = 10-19, dependent on the lacquer type) than the oak surfaces treated in the same ways (ΔE = 4-11). There were also confirmed significant impacts of the particular surface treatment on the colour stability as well as significant impacts of wood surface pre-treatment with pigment and stain mordants (ΔE = 4-17-for spruce wood, and ΔE = 5.5-13-for oak wood). In the case of water-based lacquers, the ΔE values ranged between 3 and 11 (according to the coating system type). The results show that an appropriate UV absorbent combined with an appropriate lignin stabilizer and pigment mordant may enable attaining the required colour stability for a given surface treatment applied on a given wood species.
- Klíčová slova
- accelerated ageing, oak, pigment mordants, solvent-based polyurethane lacquers, spruce wood, surface treatment, water-based lacquers,
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
CdS nanoparticles were successfully synthesized using cadmium acetate and sodium sulfide as Cd and S precursors, respectively. The effect of using sodium thiosulfate as an additional sulfur precursor was also investigated (combined milling). The samples were characterized by XRD, Raman spectroscopy, XPS, UV-Vis spectroscopy, PL spectroscopy, DLS, and TEM. Photocatalytic activities of both CdS samples were compared. The photocatalytic activity of CdS, which is produced by combined milling, was superior to that of CdS, and was obtained by an acetate route in the degradation of Orange II under visible light irradiation. Better results for CdS prepared using a combined approach were also evidenced in photocatalytic experiments on hydrogen generation. The antibacterial potential of mechanochemically prepared CdS nanocrystals was also tested on reference strains of E. coli and S. aureus. Susceptibility tests included a 24-h toxicity test, a disk diffusion assay, and respiration monitoring. Bacterial growth was not completely inhibited by the presence of neither nanomaterial in the growth environment. However, the experiments have confirmed that the nanoparticles have some capability to inhibit bacterial growth during the logarithmic growth phase, with a more substantial effect coming from CdS nanoparticles prepared in the absence of sodium thiosulfate. The present research demonstrated the solvent-free, facile, and sustainable character of mechanochemical synthesis to produce semiconductor nanocrystals with multidisciplinary application.
- Klíčová slova
- antibacterial activity, combined milling, hydrogen evolution, mechanosynthesis, photocatalysis, semiconductor, wastewater treatment,
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Long-term delivery of growth factors and immunomodulatory agents is highly required to support the integrity of tissue in engineering constructs, e.g., formation of vasculature, and to minimize immune response in a recipient. However, for proteins with a net positive charge at the physiological pH, controlled delivery from negatively charged alginate (Alg) platforms is challenging due to electrostatic interactions that can hamper the protein release. In order to regulate such interactions between proteins and the Alg matrix, we propose to complex proteins of interest in this study - CXCL12, FGF-2, VEGF - with polyanionic heparin prior to their encapsulation into Alg microbeads of high content of α-L-guluronic acid units (high-G). This strategy effectively reduced protein interactions with Alg (as shown by model ITC and SPR experiments) and, depending on the protein type, afforded control over the protein release for at least one month. The released proteins retained their in vitro bioactivity: CXCL12 stimulated the migration of Jurkat cells, and FGF-2 and VEGF induced proliferation and maturation of HUVECs. The presence of heparin also intensified protein biological efficiency. The proposed approach for encapsulation of proteins with a positive net charge into high-G Alg hydrogels is promising for controlled long-term protein delivery under in vivo conditions.
- Klíčová slova
- CXCL12, FGF-2, HUVECs, ITC, SPR, VEGF, alginate microbeads, bioactivity, heparin, protein release,
- MeSH
- algináty chemie MeSH
- chemokin CXCL12 chemie MeSH
- endoteliální buňky pupečníkové žíly (lidské) MeSH
- fibroblastový růstový faktor 2 chemie MeSH
- heparin chemie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrosféry MeSH
- nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
- tkáňové inženýrství MeSH
- vaskulární endoteliální růstový faktor A chemie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- hodnotící studie MeSH
- Názvy látek
- algináty MeSH
- chemokin CXCL12 MeSH
- fibroblastový růstový faktor 2 MeSH
- heparin MeSH
- vaskulární endoteliální růstový faktor A MeSH
Statins have been widely used for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia due to their ability to inhibit HMG-CoA reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme of de novo cholesterol synthesis, via the so-called mevalonate pathway. However, their inhibitory action also causes depletion of downstream intermediates of the pathway, resulting in the pleiotropic effects of statins, including the beneficial impact in the treatment of cancer. In our study, we compared the effect of all eight existing statins on the expression of genes, the products of which are implicated in cancer inhibition and suggested the molecular mechanisms of their action in epigenetic and posttranslational regulation, and in cell-cycle arrest, death, migration, or invasion of the cancer cells.
- Klíčová slova
- DNA microarray, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, atorvastatin, cerivastatin, fluvastatin, pancreatic cancer, pitavastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin, statins,
- MeSH
- buněčná smrt MeSH
- epigeneze genetická MeSH
- kyselina mevalonová metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
- nádory slinivky břišní farmakoterapie genetika metabolismus patologie MeSH
- pohyb buněk MeSH
- proliferace buněk MeSH
- protinádorové látky farmakologie MeSH
- statiny farmakologie MeSH
- transkriptom účinky léků MeSH
- výpočetní biologie metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- Názvy látek
- kyselina mevalonová MeSH
- protinádorové látky MeSH
- statiny MeSH
