Food hydrocolloids, derived from natural sources such as plants, algae, and microbes, possess bioactive properties that significantly contribute to cardiovascular health. This review focuses on six key hydrocolloids: alginate, astragalus polysaccharides, carrageenan, fucoidan, lunasin, and psyllium, while also considering other important natural hydrocoloids such as short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), plant-derived food hydrocolloids, plant-derived gums, plant-derived mucilages, pectin, modified citrus pectin, inulin, naringenin, chia seeds, gelatine, whey protein, casein, microbial exopolysaccharides and gums, ulvan, and laminarin. Alginate, from brown seaweed, aids in cardiac tissue regeneration and repair. Astragalus polysaccharides, from the Astragalus plant, provide antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory benefits. Carrageenan, sourced from red seaweed, supports lipid profile balance and heart health. Fucoidan, another brown seaweed derivative, offers antihypertensive and lipid-lowering effects. Lunasin, a peptide found in soybeans, oats, and barley, is known for its cholesterol-lowering properties and anti-inflammatory effects. Psyllium, rich in soluble fiber, helps lower LDL cholesterol and improve overall cardiovascular function. These hydrocolloids, along with other mentioned compounds, are utilized in drug formulations, cosmetics, processed foods, and dietary supplements, enhancing food texture and stability while delivering health benefits. Upon consumption, they can be absorbed into the bloodstream or metabolized by gut microbiota into bioactive metabolites. This review examines their effects on cardiovascular function, highlighting their mechanisms in regulating vascular tone, blood pressure, vascular inflammation, and cardiac function. It consolidates current research, emphasizing the potential of these hydrocolloids and related compounds in the prevention and management of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).
- Klíčová slova
- Alginate, Astragalus polysaccharides, Cardiovascular health, Carrageenan, Food hydrocolloids, Fucoidan, Lunasin, Psyllium,
- MeSH
- algináty * chemie farmakologie MeSH
- karagenan * chemie farmakologie MeSH
- kardiovaskulární nemoci * prevence a kontrola MeSH
- kardiovaskulární systém * účinky léků MeSH
- koloidy chemie farmakologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- polysacharidy * chemie farmakologie MeSH
- psyllium * chemie farmakologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Názvy látek
- algináty * MeSH
- fucoidan MeSH Prohlížeč
- karagenan * MeSH
- koloidy MeSH
- polysacharidy * MeSH
- psyllium * MeSH
The antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of lignin are often emphasized; however, not every type exhibits these properties. In this work, water-soluble fractions of alkali lignin (AL), poly-(caffeyl alcohol) lignin (PCFA), pyrolytic lignin (PL) and grape seed lignin (GSL) were prepared. The original and water-soluble lignin fractions were comprehensively characterized using high-resolution 2D NMR spectroscopy. Notably, water-soluble fractions of PCFA, PL and GSL lignins exhibited 3.6 to 3.9 higher antioxidant activities than the original lignins despite having a phenolic content of approximately 12 % to 55 % lower. Additionally, these fractions demonstrated antimicrobial activities against Micrococcus luteus, Serratia marcescens and Escherichia coli. The potential of water-soluble lignin fractions as active modifiers for physically crosslinked hydrogels was also investigated. Specifically, PL/F lignin served as an antioxidant and antimicrobial agent for modifying carrageenan without disrupting its viscoelastic and swelling behaviour. Carrageenan hydrogels with 6 % PL/F lignin showed an antioxidant activity of 219.6 mg TE g-1 hydrogel and reduction rates of 43.9 % against M. luteus, 31.6 % against S. marcescens and 20.6 % against E. coli.
- Klíčová slova
- Antibacterial properties, Antioxidant properties, Hydrogel, Lignin, NMR,
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky * farmakologie chemie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- antiinfekční látky * farmakologie chemie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- antioxidancia chemie farmakologie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Escherichia coli účinky léků MeSH
- hydrogely * chemie farmakologie MeSH
- karagenan chemie MeSH
- lignin * chemie farmakologie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Micrococcus luteus účinky léků MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- Serratia marcescens účinky léků MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- antibakteriální látky * MeSH
- antiinfekční látky * MeSH
- antioxidancia MeSH
- hydrogely * MeSH
- karagenan MeSH
- lignin * MeSH
This review summarizes and broadly classifies all of the major sustainable natural carbohydrate bio-macromolecular manifestations in nature - from botanical (cellulose, starch, and pectin), seaweed (alginate, carrageenan, and agar), microbial (bacterial cellulose, dextran, and pullulan), and animal (hyaluronan, heparin, chitin, and chitosan) sources - that have been contrived into electrospun fibers. Furthermore, a relative study of these biomaterials for the fabrication of nanofibers by electrospinning and their characteristics viz. solution behavior, blending nature, as well as rheological and fiber attributes are discussed. The potential multidimensional applications of nanofibers (filtration, antimicrobial, biosensor, gas sensor, energy storage, catalytic, and tissue engineering) originating from these polysaccharides and their major impacts on the properties, functionalities, and uses of these electrospun fibers are compared and critically examined.
- Klíčová slova
- Electrospinning of bio-macromolecules, Fiber morphology and structures, Multidimensional applications,
- MeSH
- agar chemie MeSH
- algináty chemie MeSH
- biokompatibilní materiály chemie MeSH
- celulosa chemie MeSH
- chitin chemie MeSH
- chitosan chemie MeSH
- dextrany chemie MeSH
- elektrochemické techniky MeSH
- glukany chemie MeSH
- heparin chemie MeSH
- karagenan chemie MeSH
- kyselina hyaluronová chemie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nanotechnologie metody MeSH
- nanovlákna chemie ultrastruktura MeSH
- pektiny chemie MeSH
- škrob chemie MeSH
- tkáňové inženýrství metody MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Názvy látek
- agar MeSH
- algináty MeSH
- biokompatibilní materiály MeSH
- celulosa MeSH
- chitin MeSH
- chitosan MeSH
- dextrany MeSH
- glukany MeSH
- heparin MeSH
- karagenan MeSH
- kyselina hyaluronová MeSH
- pektiny MeSH
- pullulan MeSH Prohlížeč
- škrob MeSH
