Colicin production in Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains represents an important trait with regard to microbial survival and competition in the complex intestinal environment. A novel colicin type, colicin Z (26.3 kDa), was described as a product of an original producer, extraintestinal E. coli B1356 strain, isolated from the anorectal abscess of a 17 years-old man. The 4,007 bp plasmid (pColZ) was completely sequenced and colicin Z activity (cza) and colicin Z immunity (czi) genes were identified. The cza and czi genes are transcribed in opposite directions and encode for 237 and 151 amino acid-long proteins, respectively. Colicin Z shows a narrow inhibitory spectrum, being active only against enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) and Shigella strains via CjrC receptor recognition and CjrB- and ExbB-, ExbD-mediated colicin translocation. All tested EIEC and Shigella strains isolated between the years 1958-2010 were sensitive to colicin Z. The lethal effect of colicin Z was found to be directed against cell wall peptidoglycan (PG) resulting in PG degradation, as revealed by experiments with Remazol Brilliant Blue-stained purified peptidoglycans and with MALDI-TOF MS analyses of treated PG. Colicin Z represents a new class of colicins that is structurally and functionally distinct from previously studied colicin types.

• MeSH
• Escherichia coli genetika   MeSH
• koliciny genetika   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• plazmidy genetika   MeSH
• sekvence nukleotidů MeSH
• Shigella genetika   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• koliciny MeSH

Streptococcus agalactiae or Group B streptococci (GBS) are a common cause of serious diseases of newborns and adults. GBS pathogenicity largely depends on genes located on the accessory genome including several pathogenicity islands (PAI). The present paper is focused on the structure and molecular epidemiological analysis of one of the GBS pathogenicity islands-the pathogenicity island PAI XII (Glaser et al. Mol Microbiol 45(6):1499-1513, 2002). This PAI was found to be composed of three different mobile genetic elements: a composite transposon (PAI-C), a genomic islet (PAI-B), and a pathogenicity island associated with gene sspB1 (PAI-A). PAI-A in GBS has a homolog--PAI-A1 with similar, but a different genetic constellation. PCR-based analysis of GBS collections from different countries revealed that a strains lineage with PAI-A is less common than PAI-A1 and was determined to be present only among the strains obtained from Russia. Our results suggest that PAI-A and PAI-A1 have the same progenitor, which evolved independently and appeared in the GBS genome as separate genetic events. Results of this study reflect specific geographical distribution of the GBS strains with the mobile genetic element under study.

• MeSH
• bakteriální geny * MeSH
• celosvětové zdraví MeSH
• genomové ostrovy * MeSH
• genotyp * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• molekulární evoluce MeSH
• pořadí genů MeSH
• sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
• Streptococcus agalactiae klasifikace   genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• streptokokové infekce mikrobiologie   MeSH
• výpočetní biologie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

A simple and specific method for direct detection of bovine mastitis pathogens (Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS), Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli) in milk products, bacterial samples from milk and isolated bacterial DNA was developed. The method is based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using sequence-specific primers only for GBS and species-specific primers derived from 16S and 23S rRNA for all chosen species. The presence of the gene of surface immunogenic protein (Sip) in bovine GBS isolates, described previously only in human GBS isolates was confirmed. The GBS detection was performed with the sequence coding for surface immunogenic protein from GBS human isolates designated as Sip specific sequence (SSS); this sequence was selected for specific primer design. The sequence is unique for GBS and was designed from a consensus of all known sip genes. The specific identification was shown on a collection of 75 GBS bovine isolates from different localities in Slovakia. All isolates were positive to SSS, 16S and 23S rRNA sequence. The 16S and 23S rRNA PCR detection was also performed with S. aureus and E. coli isolates and specific PCR products were also detected. The detection limit of this assay for milk products was 6 CFU/microL (i.e. 6000 CFU/mL) for GBS and E. coli, and 16 CFU/microL for S. aureus. This rapid, sensitive and specific diagnostic method can be performed within hours and represents an innovative diagnostic tool for the detection of milk pathogens in dairy products.

• MeSH
• antigeny bakteriální genetika   MeSH
• bakteriologické techniky * MeSH
• DNA bakterií analýza   genetika   MeSH
• DNA primery MeSH
• elektroforéza v agarovém gelu MeSH
• Escherichia coli genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• mléčné výrobky mikrobiologie   MeSH
• molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
• polymerázová řetězová reakce metody   MeSH
• potravinářská mikrobiologie MeSH
• ribozomální DNA analýza   genetika   MeSH
• RNA ribozomální 16S genetika   MeSH
• RNA ribozomální 23S genetika   MeSH
• sekvence nukleotidů MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita MeSH
• Staphylococcus aureus genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Streptococcus agalactiae genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• hodnotící studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antigeny bakteriální MeSH
• DNA bakterií MeSH
• DNA primery MeSH
• ribozomální DNA MeSH
• RNA ribozomální 16S MeSH
• RNA ribozomální 23S MeSH
• SIP protein, Streptococcus group B MeSH Prohlížeč

A chromosomal DNA fragment of 8992 bp in size that has not been previously identified in Streptococcus agalactiae, was cloned and sequenced from strain 98-D60C. In particular, this 8992-bp fragment contained genes homologous to the sensor histidine kinase gene and the DNA-binding response-regulator gene of Streptococcus pneumoniae, and S. agalactiae bac gene. Structural and genetic features of the 8992-bp fragment were highly similar to those specific for bacterial pathogenicity islands. Analysis of epidemiologically unrelated S. agalactiae strains revealed that this fragment was present only in bac gene-positive strains. The possible origin of the 8992-bp fragment in S. agalactiae and its significance for molecular mechanisms of "bacteria-host" interactions are discussed.

• MeSH
• antigeny bakteriální genetika   MeSH
• bakteriální proteiny genetika   MeSH
• DNA bakterií analýza   MeSH
• faktory virulence genetika   MeSH
• genomové ostrovy genetika   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u bakterií genetika   MeSH
• sekvenční homologie nukleových kyselin MeSH
• Streptococcus agalactiae * genetika   patogenita   MeSH
• Streptococcus pneumoniae genetika   MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antigeny bakteriální MeSH
• bakteriální proteiny MeSH
• DNA bakterií MeSH
• faktory virulence MeSH

Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) is a causative agent of sepsis and meningitis in newborns and diseases in pregnant women and nonpregnant adults. Various approaches, including both nongenetic and genetic techniques, are currently used for the study of epidemiology of GBS infections. In the present paper the different methods of molecular epidemiology of GBS infections are reviewed, and several novel approaches are introduced. The advantages and disadvantages of molecular methods are discussed and compared with traditional serotyping technique. The possible use of the molecular approaches for identification of different genetic lineages in GBS as well as for identification and control of the epidemiologically actual clones is discussed.

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
• polymorfismus délky restrikčních fragmentů MeSH
• ribotypizace MeSH
• Streptococcus agalactiae genetika   MeSH
• streptokokové infekce diagnóza   epidemiologie   MeSH
• technika náhodné amplifikace polymorfní DNA MeSH
• virulence MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH