Data on alkaloid interactions with the physiologically important transition metals, iron and copper, are mostly lacking in the literature. However, these interactions can have important consequences in the treatment of both Alzheimer's disease and cancer. As isoquinoline alkaloids include galanthamine, an approved drug for Alzheimer's disease, as well as some potentially useful compounds with cytostatic potential, 28 members from this category of alkaloids were selected for a complex screening of interactions with iron and copper at four pathophysiologically relevant pH and in non-buffered conditions (dimethyl sulfoxide) by spectrophotometric methods in vitro. With the exception of the salts, all the alkaloids were able to chelate ferrous and ferric ions in non-buffered conditions, but only five of them (galanthine, glaucine, corydine, corydaline and tetrahydropalmatine) evoked some significant chelation at pH 7.5 and only the first two were also active at pH 6.8. By contrast, none of the tested alkaloids chelated cuprous or cupric ions. All the alkaloids, with the exception of the protopines, significantly reduced the ferric and cupric ions, with stronger effects on the latter. These effects were mostly dependent on the number of free aromatic hydroxyls, but not other hydroxyl groups. The most potent reductant was boldine. As most of the alkaloids chelated and reduced the ferric ions, additional experimental studies are needed to elucidate the biological relevance of these results, as chelation is expected to block reactive oxygen species formation, while reduction could have the opposite effect.

• Klíčová slova
• alkaloid, chelation, copper, iron, reduction,
• MeSH
• Alzheimerova nemoc * MeSH
• chelátory chemie   MeSH
• cytostatické látky * MeSH
• dimethylsulfoxid MeSH
• galantamin MeSH
• hydroxylový radikál MeSH
• isochinoliny farmakologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• měď chemie   MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku MeSH
• redukční činidla MeSH
• soli MeSH
• železo chemie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• chelátory MeSH
• cytostatické látky * MeSH
• dimethylsulfoxid MeSH
• galantamin MeSH
• hydroxylový radikál MeSH
• isochinoliny MeSH
• měď MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku MeSH
• redukční činidla MeSH
• soli MeSH
• železo MeSH

Plants of the Amaryllidaceae family are promising therapeutic tools for human diseases and have been used as alternative medicines. The specific secondary metabolites of this plant family, called Amaryllidaceae alkaloids (AA), have attracted considerable attention due to their interesting pharmacological activities. One of them, galantamine, is already used in the therapy of Alzheimer's disease as a long acting, selective, reversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase. One group of AA is the montanine-type, such as montanine, pancracine and others, which share a 5,11-methanomorphanthridine core. So far, only 14 montanine-type alkaloids have been isolated. Compared with other structural-types of AA, montanine-type alkaloids are predominantly present in plants in low concentrations, but some of them display promising biological properties, especially in vitro cytotoxic activity against different cancerous cell lines. The present review aims to summarize comprehensively the research that has been published on the Amaryllidaceae alkaloids of montanine-type.

• Klíčová slova
• Amaryllidaceae, alkaloids, biological activity, derivatives, montanine, montanine-type, pancracine,
• MeSH
• alkaloidy amarylkovitých chemie   izolace a purifikace   farmakologie   MeSH
• Amaryllidaceae chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• antiprotozoální látky chemie   izolace a purifikace   farmakologie   MeSH
• cholinesterasové inhibitory chemie   izolace a purifikace   farmakologie   MeSH
• fenantridiny chemie   izolace a purifikace   farmakologie   MeSH
• fytogenní protinádorové látky chemie   izolace a purifikace   farmakologie   MeSH
• galantamin chemie   izolace a purifikace   farmakologie   MeSH
• heterocyklické sloučeniny tetra- a více cyklické chemie   izolace a purifikace   farmakologie   MeSH
• inhibiční koncentrace 50 MeSH
• isochinoliny chemie   izolace a purifikace   farmakologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
• nootropní látky chemie   izolace a purifikace   farmakologie   MeSH
• rostlinné extrakty chemie   MeSH
• sekundární metabolismus MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• alkaloidy amarylkovitých MeSH
• antiprotozoální látky MeSH
• cholinesterasové inhibitory MeSH
• fenantridiny MeSH
• fytogenní protinádorové látky MeSH
• galantamin MeSH
• hemanthamine MeSH Prohlížeč
• heterocyklické sloučeniny tetra- a více cyklické MeSH
• isochinoliny MeSH
• montanine MeSH Prohlížeč
• nootropní látky MeSH
• pancracine MeSH Prohlížeč
• rostlinné extrakty MeSH

Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) is a multifunctional serine/threonine protein kinase that was originally identified as an enzyme involved in the control of glycogen metabolism. It plays a key role in diverse physiological processes including metabolism, the cell cycle, and gene expression by regulating a wide variety of well-known substances like glycogen synthase, tau-protein, and β-catenin. Recent studies have identified GSK-3β as a potential therapeutic target in Alzheimer´s disease, bipolar disorder, stroke, more than 15 types of cancer, and diabetes. GSK-3β is one of the most attractive targets for medicinal chemists in the discovery, design, and synthesis of new selective potent inhibitors. In the current study, twenty-eight Amaryllidaceae alkaloids of various structural types were studied for their potency to inhibit GSK-3β. Promising results have been demonstrated by alkaloids of the homolycorine-{9-O-demethylhomolycorine (IC50 = 30.00 ± 0.71 µM), masonine (IC50 = 27.81 ± 0.01 μM)}, and lycorine-types {caranine (IC50 = 30.75 ± 0.04 μM)}.

• Klíčová slova
• 9-O-demethylhomolycorine, Alzheimer’s disease, Amaryllidaceae alkaloids, caranine, glycogen synthase kinase-3β, masonine,
• MeSH
• alkaloidy amarylkovitých chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• inhibiční koncentrace 50 MeSH
• inhibitory proteinkinas chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• kinasa glykogensynthasy 3beta antagonisté a inhibitory   metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• preklinické hodnocení léčiv MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• alkaloidy amarylkovitých MeSH
• inhibitory proteinkinas MeSH
• kinasa glykogensynthasy 3beta MeSH