The skin is known to be the largest organ in human organism creating interface with outer environment. The skin provides protective barrier against pathogens, physical and chemical insults, and against uncontrolled loss of water. The barrier function was primarily attributed to the stratum corneum (SC) but recent studies confirmed that epidermal tight junctions (TJs) also play important role in maintaining barrier properties of the skin. Independent observations indicate that barrier function and its recovery is impaired in aged skin. However, trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL) values remains rather unchanged in elderly population. UV radiation as major factor of photoageing impairs TJ proteins, but TJs have great self-regenerative potential. Since it may be possible that TJs can compensate TEWL in elderly due to its regenerative and compensatory capabilities, important question remains to be answered: how are TJs regulated during skin ageing? This review provides an insight into TJs functioning as epidermal barrier and summarizes current knowledge about the impact of ageing on the barrier function of the skin and epidermal TJs.

• Klíčová slova
• Barrier function, Epidermis, Skin ageing, TEWL, Tight junction, UV exposure,
• MeSH
• epidermis metabolismus   patologie   účinky záření   MeSH
• kožní absorpce MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• permeabilita MeSH
• perspiratio insensibilis MeSH
• stárnutí kůže * účinky záření   MeSH
• stárnutí metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• těsný spoj metabolismus   patologie   účinky záření   MeSH
• ultrafialové záření škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• věkové faktory MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

BACKGROUND: Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and crude coal tar (CCT) containing PAHs can accelerate the skin-aging process (SAP). However, UVR induces the formation of an important protective factor in SAP (vitamin D). OBJECTIVE: To determine the relation of SAP to selected risks and benefits of combined dermal exposure to UVR and coal tar (PAHs). METHODS: The study group consisted of patients with chronic stable plaque psoriasis and treated by Goeckerman therapy (GT; daily dermal application of UVR and 5% CCT ointment). The levels of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP), oxidative stress (DNA and RNA damage), genotoxic damage (chromosomal aberration in peripheral lymphocytes; ABC), 25-hydroxy-vitamin D [25(OH)D] and the PASI score were evaluated before and after GT. RESULTS: Intensive dermal absorption of PAHs was confirmed by increased levels of 1-OHP (p<0.01). After the therapy, we found an increased level of oxidative stress (p<0.05), an increased level of genotoxic damage (ABC; p<0.001), a high efficiency of the treatment (p<0.001) and an elevated production of 25(OH)D (p<0.01). We also found a relationship between the duration of UVR and the genotoxic damage (p<0.01), vitD (p<0.05) and the PASI score (p<0.05). Furthermore, we found a relationship between oxidative stress and 25(OH)D (p<0.05) and between genotoxic damage and the PASI score (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Dermal exposure to UVR and coal tar (PAHs) enhances the level of oxidative stress and genotoxic damage and thus contributes to SAP. However, the exposure is very effective as a treatment and elevates the production of 25(OH)D, the protective factor in SAP. According to our results, UVR is probably a more hazardous factor in SAP.

• Klíčová slova
• 25-Hydroxy vitamin D, Chromosomal aberration, Oxidative stress, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, UV radiation,
• MeSH
• aplikace kožní MeSH
• biologické markery krev   moč   MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• celotělové ozáření MeSH
• chronická nemoc MeSH
• dehet uhelný aplikace a dávkování   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• keratolytika aplikace a dávkování   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• kombinovaná terapie MeSH
• kouření škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• oxidační stres účinky léků   účinky záření   MeSH
• polycyklické aromatické uhlovodíky aplikace a dávkování   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• poškození DNA MeSH
• psoriáza diagnóza   metabolismus   terapie   MeSH
• pyreny moč   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• stabilita RNA účinky léků   účinky záření   MeSH
• stárnutí kůže účinky léků   účinky záření   MeSH
• terapie ultrafialovými paprsky škodlivé účinky   metody   MeSH
• vitamin D analogy a deriváty   krev   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• 1-hydroxypyrene MeSH Prohlížeč
• 25-hydroxyvitamin D MeSH Prohlížeč
• biologické markery MeSH
• dehet uhelný MeSH
• keratolytika MeSH
• polycyklické aromatické uhlovodíky MeSH
• pyreny MeSH
• vitamin D MeSH

BACKGROUND: Therapeutic options for atopic dermatitis mostly address the symptoms but causal therapies are still missing. Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) agonists exert beneficial effects in patients suffering this disease, whereas the stimulation of PPARα and γ seemed most promising. OBJECTIVES: To elucidate the effects of the PPARα specific agonist WY14643, the PPARγ agonist ciglitazone, and the dual PPARα+γ agonist docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on the homeostasis and barrier function of filaggrin deficient skin. METHODS: The effects of the PPAR agonists on skin differentiation were evaluated via qPCR, Western blot, histological or immunofluorescence staining. Skin lipid organization was determined by ATR-FTIR and lipid composition was analyzed by HPTLC. Ultimately, the skin barrier function was assessed by skin absorption studies using the radioactively labeled compound testosterone. RESULTS: Significant upregulation of filaggrin after DHA and WY14643 supplementation, but no effect of ciglitazone, on protein and mRNA level was detected. DHA and WY14643, but not ciglitazone, normalized the molar ratio of the main skin barrier lipids to 1:1:1 (free fatty acids:ceramides:cholesterol). Furthermore, DHA and WY14643 supplementation normalized the skin lipid profile in filaggrin deficient skin, but only WY14643 significantly improved the skin barrier function. CONCLUSION: Supplementation particularly with the PPARα agonist WY14643 improved the homeostasis and barrier function of filaggrin deficient skin models by normalization of the free fatty acid profile underlining the potential of PPAR agonists for the treatment of filaggrin-associated skin diseases.

• Klíčová slova
• Filaggrin deficiency, PPAR agonists, Reconstructed skin models, Skin barrier recovery, Skin lipids,
• MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• fenotyp MeSH
• fibroblasty účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• filagriny MeSH
• genotyp MeSH
• kožní absorpce účinky léků   MeSH
• kultivované buňky MeSH
• kůže účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• kyseliny dokosahexaenové farmakologie   MeSH
• kyseliny mastné neesterifikované metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• membránové proteiny genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• metabolismus lipidů účinky léků   MeSH
• permeabilita MeSH
• PPAR alfa agonisté   metabolismus   MeSH
• PPAR gama agonisté   metabolismus   MeSH
• proteinové prekurzory genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• proteiny intermediálních filament nedostatek   genetika   MeSH
• pyrimidiny farmakologie   MeSH
• RNA interference MeSH
• signální transdukce účinky léků   MeSH
• testosteron metabolismus   MeSH
• thiazolidindiony farmakologie   MeSH
• transfekce MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• ciglitazone MeSH Prohlížeč
• filagriny MeSH
• FLG protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• involucrin MeSH Prohlížeč
• kyseliny dokosahexaenové MeSH
• kyseliny mastné neesterifikované MeSH
• loricrin MeSH Prohlížeč
• membránové proteiny MeSH
• pirinixic acid MeSH Prohlížeč
• PPAR alfa MeSH
• PPAR gama MeSH
• proteinové prekurzory MeSH
• proteiny intermediálních filament MeSH
• pyrimidiny MeSH
• testosteron MeSH
• thiazolidindiony MeSH

BACKGROUND: Search for new substances with antiproliferative activity towards melanoma cells is important since malignant melanoma is notoriously resistant to conventional chemotherapy. Benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloids (BAs) are natural products with significant anti-proliferative activities, therefore they are considered as agents promising for cancer therapy. OBJECTIVES: The effects of five BAs (sanguinarine, chelerythrine, chelidonine, sanguilutine, and chelilutine) on human malignant melanoma cell lines were compared. The study focused on BAs effects on DNA, anti-apoptotic and p53 protein levels; and the involvement of p53 in cellular responses to alkaloids treatment. METHODS: Melanoma cell lines, two wild types and two with dysfunctional p53 derived from one of them were used. The mechanism of anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects and the effect on DNA was investigated using MTT assay, flow cytometry, Western blot analysis, fluorescence and electron microscopy. RESULTS: All tested alkaloids exhibit strong anti-proliferative activity. CHL, CHE and SA induced apoptosis, which was probably mediated by decreasing levels of anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-xL, Mcl-1, XIAP) and was accompanied by mitochondrial membrane potential decrease as well as caspase-3 and PARP cleavage. Although all alkaloids caused DNA damage, which was demonstrated by induction of H2AX phosphorylation, none of the tested alkaloids stabilised p53 and their toxicity in cells with non-functional p53 was comparable to wild type cells. CONCLUSION: Despite the profound similarity of BAs molecular structures, it is clear that the mechanism of cell death induction is different for each alkaloid. Our results indicate that BAs could be effective in malignant melanoma treatment, including tumours which have lost wild type p53.

• MeSH
• alkaloidy chemie   metabolismus   farmakologie   MeSH
• apoptóza MeSH
• benzofenantridiny farmakologie   MeSH
• biologické modely MeSH
• chemické modely MeSH
• chloromethylketony aminokyselin farmakologie   MeSH
• DNA metabolismus   MeSH
• geny p53 MeSH
• kaspasy metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• melanom genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• nádorový supresorový protein p53 metabolismus   MeSH
• nádory kůže genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• poškození DNA MeSH
• proliferace buněk MeSH
• viabilita buněk MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• alkaloidy MeSH
• benzofenantridiny MeSH
• benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone MeSH Prohlížeč
• chloromethylketony aminokyselin MeSH
• DNA MeSH
• kaspasy MeSH
• nádorový supresorový protein p53 MeSH

• MeSH
• epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica etnologie   genetika   MeSH
• exony MeSH
• fenotyp MeSH
• kolagen typ VII genetika   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• missense mutace genetika   MeSH
• recidiva MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• dopisy MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Názvy látek
• kolagen typ VII MeSH

BACKGROUND: Sunlight is a very potent environmental factor in skin pathogenesis and can induce skin cancer. UVB irradiation is known to cause oxidative stress, inflammation and especially DNA damage. Topical application of agents with UV absorbing, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities is a successful strategy in the protection of the skin against UV-caused damage. OBJECTIVE: To examine the ability of the phenolic fraction of Lonicera caerulea and Vaccinum myrtillus fruits to moderate UVB-induced damage. METHODS: HaCaT keratinocytes, a well-established in vitro system for investigations on UV radiation induced cell damage, were used to assess the effects of pre- and post-treatment with L. caerulea (LCE) and V. myrtillus (VME) phenolic fractions (5-50 mg/l) on keratinocyte damage induced by a solar simulator (295-315 nm). RESULTS: In this study, a model of UVB-induced damage to HaCaT was established. LCE and VME efficiently reduced the extent of DNA breakage (especially at concentrations of 25 and 10 mg/l) together with caspase-3 and -9 activity and DNA laddering induced by UVB (100 or 200 mJ/cm(2)). LCE and VME significantly decreased RONS generation and partially diminished IL-6 expression. LCE pre-treatment also prevented keratinocytes proliferation. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that the phenolic fraction of L. caerulea and V. myrtillus fruits suppress UVB-caused injury to keratinocytes. These results now need to be demonstrated in vivo.

• MeSH
• apoptóza účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• buněčné linie MeSH
• fenoly chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• flavonoidy chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• fototoxická dermatitida prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• fragmentace DNA účinky léků   MeSH
• interleukin-1beta agonisté   metabolismus   MeSH
• interleukin-6 agonisté   metabolismus   MeSH
• jednořetězcové zlomy DNA účinky léků   MeSH
• kaspasy účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• keratinocyty účinky léků   účinky záření   MeSH
• L-laktátdehydrogenasa analýza   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Lonicera chemie   MeSH
• ovoce chemie   MeSH
• polyfenoly MeSH
• přípravky chránící proti slunci chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• proliferace buněk účinky léků   MeSH
• rostlinné extrakty farmakologie   MeSH
• ultrafialové záření škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• Vaccinium myrtillus chemie   MeSH
• viabilita buněk účinky léků   fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• fenoly MeSH
• flavonoidy MeSH
• IL6 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• interleukin-1beta MeSH
• interleukin-6 MeSH
• kaspasy MeSH
• L-laktátdehydrogenasa MeSH
• polyfenoly MeSH
• přípravky chránící proti slunci MeSH
• rostlinné extrakty MeSH

BACKGROUND: Benign and malignant fibrous histiocytoma present with a considerable difference concerning cellular organization in their vicinity. OBJECTIVE: Normally appearing epithelium covers the malignant form in contrast to hyperplastic epidermis for benign tumors. It is an open question as to whether the tumor-associated fibroblasts are capable to affect phenotypic features of normal keratinocytes, prompting this comparative analysis. METHODS: Fibroblasts were isolated from benign and malignant fibrous histiocytomas, respectively, and also from normal dermis. The resulting cell populations were thoroughly characterized immunocytochemically using a large panel of antibodies. The three fibroblast preparations were cocultured with normal interfollicular keratinocytes. Their phenotype was characterized for distinct properties including differentiation and proliferation. RESULTS: Fibroblasts prepared from both tumor types were phenotypically practically identical with normal dermal fibroblasts. Their activities on keratinocytes were different. Cells prepared from benign fibrous histiocytoma were capable to effect strong expression of keratin 19 and production of a galectin-1-rich extracellular matrix. Fibroblasts isolated from malignant fibrous histiocytoma led to a phenotype very similar to that when keratinocytes were cocultured with normal dermal fibroblasts. CONCLUSION: Fibroblasts prepared from benign fibrous histiocytoma were biologically active on keratinocytes in a particular manner. Our results on fibroblast activity are suggested to be relevant for morphologic differences observed in vivo between normal epidermis and epidermis adjacent to the studied tumor types.

• MeSH
• benigní fibrózní histiocytom metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• biologické markery metabolismus   MeSH
• epidermis metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• fibroblasty metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• galektin 1 metabolismus   MeSH
• keratin-19 metabolismus   MeSH
• keratinocyty metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• kokultivační techniky MeSH
• kultivované buňky MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• maligní fibrózní histiocytom metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• nádory kůže metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• biologické markery MeSH
• galektin 1 MeSH
• keratin-19 MeSH

BACKGROUND: UV radiation from sunlight is a very potent environmental risk factor in the pathogenesis of skin cancer. Exposure to UV light, especially the UVA part, provokes the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which induce oxidative stress in exposed cells. Topical application of antioxidants is a successful strategy for protecting the skin against UV-caused oxidative damage. OBJECTIVE: In this study, silybin (SB) and 2,3-dehydrosilybin (DS) (1-50 micromol/l), flavonolignan components of Silybum marianum, were tested for their ability to moderate UVA-induced damage. METHODS: Human keratinocytes HaCaT were used as an appropriate experimental in vitro model, to monitor the effects of SB and DS on cell viability, proliferation, intracellular ATP and GSH level, ROS generation, membrane lipid peroxidation, caspase-3 activation and DNA damage. RESULTS: Application of the flavonolignans (1-50 micromol/l) led to an increase in cell viability of irradiated (20 J/cm(2)) HaCaT keratinocytes. SB and DS also suppressed intracellular ATP and GSH depletion, ROS production and peroxidation of membrane lipids. UVA-induced caspases-3 activity/activation was suppressed by treatment with SB and DS. Lower concentrations of both compounds (10 micromol/l) significantly reduced cellular DNA single strand break formation. CONCLUSION: Taken together, the results suggest that these flavonolignans suppress UVA-caused oxidative stress and may be useful in the treatment of UVA-induced skin damage.

• MeSH
• antioxidancia farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• kaspasa 3 metabolismus   MeSH
• keratinocyty účinky léků   účinky záření   MeSH
• kůže patologie   účinky záření   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ostropestřec mariánský * MeSH
• oxidační stres účinky léků   účinky záření   MeSH
• peroxidace lipidů účinky léků   MeSH
• poškození DNA účinky léků   MeSH
• proliferace buněk účinky léků   MeSH
• radiační poranění prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• radioprotektivní látky farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku metabolismus   MeSH
• silibinin MeSH
• silymarin farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• transformované buněčné linie MeSH
• ultrafialové záření škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• viabilita buněk účinky léků   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antioxidancia MeSH
• kaspasa 3 MeSH
• radioprotektivní látky MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku MeSH
• silibinin MeSH
• silymarin MeSH

BACKGROUND: UV radiation from sunlight is a potent environmental risk factor in skin cancer pathogenesis. UVA is the major portion of UV light reaching the earth surface ( approximately 95%) and it is reported to lead to benign and malignant tumor formation. UVA-mediated cellular damage occurs primarily through the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and it is responsible for inflammation, immunosuppression, photoaging and photocarcinogenesis. OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to investigate the potency of silymarin, the polyphenol fraction from the seeds of Silybum marianum, to modulate UVA-induced oxidative damage to human keratinocytes. METHODS: Skin epidermal cell line HaCaT, extensively used for studying the influence of UV radiation, was chosen as an experimental model. Silymarin's effect on UVA-disrupted cell viability, proliferation, mitochondrial function, and intracellular ATP and GSH level was measured. Furthermore, silymarin's potency to reduce UVA-induced ROS generation, membrane lipid peroxidation, caspase-3 activation and DNA damage was monitored. RESULTS: Treatment of irradiated HaCaT (20 J/cm(2)) with silymarin (0.7-34 mg/l; 4h) resulted in concentration-dependent diminution of UVA-caused oxidative stress on all studied parameters. Silymarin application extensively reduced GSH depletion and ROS production as well as lipid peroxidation in irradiated cells. Formation of UVA-induced DNA single strand breaks and caspase-3 activity was also significantly decreased by silymarin. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that silymarin may be beneficial in the treatment of UVA-induced skin oxidative injury and inflammation. However, further studies especially whose using human systems are needed to determine efficacy of silymarin in vivo.

• MeSH
• antioxidancia chemie   farmakologie   toxicita   MeSH
• apoptóza účinky léků   účinky záření   MeSH
• buněčné dělení účinky léků   účinky záření   MeSH
• energetický metabolismus účinky léků   účinky záření   MeSH
• keratinocyty cytologie   účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• oxidační stres účinky léků   účinky záření   MeSH
• poškození DNA účinky léků   MeSH
• silymarin chemie   farmakologie   toxicita   MeSH
• transformované buněčné linie MeSH
• ultrafialové záření škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• viabilita buněk účinky léků   účinky záření   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antioxidancia MeSH
• silymarin MeSH

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Because the nucleolar protein nucleostemin is present in bone marrow and neuronal stem cells and malignancies originating thereof we monitored its expression in frozen sections from normal human epidermis, basal cell carcinomas, cultured keratinocytes and cells of the squamous carcinoma line FaDu. In addition, probing the value of this protein as a marker of epidermal stem cells was an aim of this study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To further characterize cell features we added analysis of expression of keratins 10 or 19 as markers of terminal differentiation and Ki67 as marker of proliferating cells as well as three adhesion/growth-regulatory galectins. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical monitoring revealed expression of nucleostemin in cells of both Ki67-positive and -negative nuclei regardless of the K10-expression status. Cultured keratinocytes were positive, when they were prepared from hair follicles and cultured in the presence of feeder cells. A small population of these nucleostemin-positive cells also expressed galectin-1 but not galectins-3 and -9 in their nucleoli. Part of these cells also expressed keratin 19. FaDu cells were strongly positive, illustrating expression in malignant cells which require no feeder layer. Of note, the number of galectin-1-positive nucleoli was reduced in the course of culture. CONCLUSION: Nucleostemin positivity cannot be considered as marker for stem cells in skin sections. In cultured cells, nucleostemin is expressed in a distinct population of the epidermal cells from hair follicle kept in the presence of a feeder layer, intimating an association of nucleostemin expression with this type of epithelio-mesenchymal interaction which is not essential during propagation of malignant cells.

• MeSH
• antigen Ki-67 genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• bazocelulární karcinom genetika   metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• biologické markery metabolismus   MeSH
• epidermální buňky MeSH
• epidermis metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• galektiny genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• imunohistochemie MeSH
• jaderné proteiny metabolismus   MeSH
• keratin-10 genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• keratin-9 genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• kmenové buňky cytologie   metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• kultivované buňky MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádorové buňky kultivované MeSH
• nádory kůže genetika   metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• proteiny vázající GTP MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u nádorů genetika   MeSH
• regulace genové exprese genetika   MeSH
• spinocelulární karcinom genetika   metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• transportní proteiny metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antigen Ki-67 MeSH
• biologické markery MeSH
• galektiny MeSH
• GNL3 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• jaderné proteiny MeSH
• keratin-10 MeSH
• keratin-9 MeSH
• KRT10 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• KRT9 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
• proteiny vázající GTP MeSH
• transportní proteiny MeSH