This paper brings a new rigorous and complete statistical approach to the data processing of the mobility curves of univalent weak bases. This approach is based on application of the least square method to the equation of the related mobility curve. Thus, an equation for the best fit is derived and its mathematical solution is found. The solution brings best estimates of the mobility curve parameters, i.e., dissociation constant K and ionic mobility of the protonated base U. Further, explicit formulas have been derived for the calculation of related statistical parameters, i.e., SDs of effective mobility s(u), of the dissociation constant s(K), and of ionic mobility of protonated base s(U). The mathematical functions used in the above approach do not impose any limitations on the data used, i.e., the mobility and pH values used may be real numbers (positive, negative, zero).
- MeSH
- Electronic Data Processing MeSH
- Illusions * MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Computers * MeSH
- Form Perception * MeSH
- Optical Illusions * MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
For conducting questionnaire studies there exist generally recommended methods that were also respected during the project funded by the Grant Agency MoH CR - "Subjective approach of inhabitants of Ostrava to their health in association with their life-style, socio-economic status and education". The preparatory phase included the collection of literature and information on the investigated theme. The questionnaire had got five parts - A. General questions, B. Employment, C. Way of life, D. Health state and E. Personality. The validity of questionnaire was tested in the pre-research. In the main questionnaire study 3,000 questionnaires were sent. The total response rate was 21.1% (634 completed questionnaires). In the sample there were no differences in percentage rate by sex and age, but there are differences in the educational structure. After realizing the main questionnaire study, the repeatability study was carried out to find out the reliability of the answers. The response rate was 60.3% (181 questionnaires). The Kappa index and the total percentage of agreement were used for the evaluation of the repeatability study. The agreement was almost perfect and good in the total of 62.3 % of the questions. The quality of data was ensured by double data entry and by choosing the appropriate software. The selection of data for the complex analysis was based on the results of the repeatability study. On the basis of individual information from the questionnaire, new groups of individuals were generated. These groups of individuals were analysed further in relation to health and life-style by socio-economic factors in the models.
- MeSH
- Electronic Data Processing MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Surveys and Questionnaires * MeSH
- Socioeconomic Factors * MeSH
- Health Status * MeSH
- Health Surveys * MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
In electrochemical sensing, a number of voltammetric or amperometric curves are obtained which are subsequently processed, typically by evaluating peak currents and peak potentials or wave heights and half-wave potentials, frequently after background correction. Transformations of voltammetric data can help to extract specific information, e.g., the number of transferred electrons, and can reveal aspects of the studied electrochemical system, e.g., the contribution of adsorption phenomena. In this communication, we introduce a LabView-based software package, 'eL-Chem Viewer', which is for the analysis of voltammetric and amperometric data, and enables their post-acquisition processing using semiderivative, semiintegral, derivative, integral and elimination procedures. The software supports the single-click transfer of peak/wave current and potential data to spreadsheet software, a feature that greatly improves productivity when constructing calibration curves, trumpet plots and performing similar tasks. eL-Chem Viewer is freeware and can be downloaded from www.lchem.cz/elchemviewer.htm.
Studying morphogenesis is unthinkable without visualizing shapes, and sharing the results of such studies critically depends on communicating image data. Despite a wealth of literature dealing with acquisition and analysis of image data, visualizing them for publication or presentation purposes remains a craft learned mainly by experience. This chapter provides a practical guide to producing publication-grade illustrations out of raw microscopic (or other) digital images, using mostly or exclusively free software, and points out some common problems and their solutions.
- Keywords
- Bit depth, Bitmap, Computer graphics, Data visualization, ImageJ, Inkscape, Microscopy, Raster, Resolution, Vector,
- MeSH
- Microscopy methods MeSH
- Computers MeSH
- Computer Graphics MeSH
- Image Processing, Computer-Assisted methods MeSH
- Software * MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
An equibiaxial tension test could be necessary to set up hyperelastic material constants for elastomers exactly. Unfortunately, very often, only uniaxial tension experimental data are available. It is possible to use only uniaxial data to compute hyperelastic constants for a hyperelastic model, but the prediction of behavior in different deformation modes (as is equibiaxial or pure shear) will not work correctly with this model. It is quite obvious that there is some relation between uniaxial and equibiaxial behavior for the elastomers. Thus, we could use uniaxial data to predict equibiaxial behavior. If we were able to predict (at least approximately) equibiaxial data, then we could create a hyperelastic model usable for the general prediction of any deformation mode of elastomer. The method of the appropriate processing of experimental data for such prediction is described in the article and is verified by the comparison with the experiment. The presented results include uniaxial and equibiaxial experimental data, the created average curve of both the deformation modes, and the predicted equibiaxial data. Using Student's t-test, a close coincidence of the real and predicted equibiaxial data was confirmed.
- Keywords
- curve processing, elastomer, equibiaxial tension, experimental data, hyperelasticity, uniaxial tension,
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
INTRODUCTION: Recent advances in machine learning provide new possibilities to process and analyse observational patient data to predict patient outcomes. In this paper, we introduce a data processing pipeline for cardiogenic shock (CS) prediction from the MIMIC III database of intensive cardiac care unit patients with acute coronary syndrome. The ability to identify high-risk patients could possibly allow taking pre-emptive measures and thus prevent the development of CS. METHODS: We mainly focus on techniques for the imputation of missing data by generating a pipeline for imputation and comparing the performance of various multivariate imputation algorithms, including k-nearest neighbours, two singular value decomposition (SVD)-based methods, and Multiple Imputation by Chained Equations. After imputation, we select the final subjects and variables from the imputed dataset and showcase the performance of the gradient-boosted framework that uses a tree-based classifier for cardiogenic shock prediction. RESULTS: We achieved good classification performance thanks to data cleaning and imputation (cross-validated mean area under the curve 0.805) without hyperparameter optimization. CONCLUSION: We believe our pre-processing pipeline would prove helpful also for other classification and regression experiments.
- Keywords
- cardiogenic shock, classification, machine learning, missing data imputation, prediction model, processing pipeline,
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
We introduce CEval software (downloadable for free at echmet.natur.cuni.cz) that was developed for quicker and easier electrophoregram evaluation and further data processing in (affinity) capillary electrophoresis. This software allows for automatic peak detection and evaluation of common peak parameters, such as its migration time, area, width etc. Additionally, the software includes a nonlinear regression engine that performs peak fitting with the Haarhoff-van der Linde (HVL) function, including automated initial guess of the HVL function parameters. HVL is a fundamental peak-shape function in electrophoresis, based on which the correct effective mobility of the analyte represented by the peak is evaluated. Effective mobilities of an analyte at various concentrations of a selector can be further stored and plotted in an affinity CE mode. Consequently, the mobility of the free analyte, μA, mobility of the analyte-selector complex, μAS, and the apparent complexation constant, K('), are first guessed automatically from the linearized data plots and subsequently estimated by the means of nonlinear regression. An option that allows two complexation dependencies to be fitted at once is especially convenient for enantioseparations. Statistical processing of these data is also included, which allowed us to: i) express the 95% confidence intervals for the μA, μAS and K(') least-squares estimates, ii) do hypothesis testing on the estimated parameters for the first time. We demonstrate the benefits of the CEval software by inspecting complexation of tryptophan methyl ester with two cyclodextrins, neutral heptakis(2,6-di-O-methyl)-β-CD and charged heptakis(6-O-sulfo)-β-CD.
- Keywords
- Affinity capillary electrophoresis, Complexation, Cyclodextrin, Electrophoretic mobility, Software, Statistical evaluation,
- MeSH
- Chemistry Techniques, Analytical methods MeSH
- Cyclodextrins analysis chemistry MeSH
- Electrophoresis, Capillary * MeSH
- Esters analysis chemistry MeSH
- Data Interpretation, Statistical MeSH
- Software * MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Names of Substances
- Cyclodextrins MeSH
- Esters MeSH
- Keywords
- AUTOMATIC DATA PROCESSING *, LANGUAGE *, THINKING *,
- MeSH
- Electronic Data Processing * MeSH
- Mental Processes * MeSH
- Language * MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Thinking * MeSH
- Signal Transduction * MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
Organic acidurias are a large group of inherited metabolic disorders (IMDs), commonly diagnosed by GC-MS analysis of organic acids in urine after acidic extraction and trimethylsilylation. In this study, a GC×GC-ToF-MS method has been optimized for the analysis of pathological metabolites in urine. An automated data processing strategy based on the use of mass spectra and GC retention times for the target search and quantification of pathological metabolites has been developed. Using this procedure, each unknown sample is automatically examined for the presence of markers of several diseases at the same time. The method has been applied for the analysis of 6 challenging proficiency testing samples from patients with IMDs (thymidine phosphorylase deficiency, mevalonic aciduria, hawkinsinuria, aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency, propionic acidemia and medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency). Using the GC×GC-ToF-MS method, we were able to determine complete sets of markers for all the IMDs. The quality of the mass spectral matches for the pathological markers was higher than 800 (out of 1000).
- MeSH
- Electronic Data Processing methods MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Urine chemistry MeSH
- Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry instrumentation methods MeSH
- Metabolism, Inborn Errors diagnosis urine MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Evaluation Study MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
