GATA Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
Hematopoiesis is coordinated by a complex regulatory network of transcription factors and among them PU.1 (Spi1, Sfpi1) represents a key molecule. This review summarizes the indispensable requirement of PU.1 during hematopoietic cell fate decisions and how the function of PU.1 can be modulated by protein-protein interactions with additional factors. The mutual negative regulation between PU.1 and GATA-1 is detailed within the context of normal and leukemogenic hematopoiesis and the concept of 'differentiation therapy' to restore normal cellular differentiation of leukemic cells is discussed.
- MeSH
- hematopoéza fyziologie MeSH
- leukemie metabolismus patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- protoonkogenní proteiny fyziologie MeSH
- trans-aktivátory fyziologie MeSH
- transkripční faktory GATA fyziologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Názvy látek
- proto-oncogene protein Spi-1 MeSH Prohlížeč
- protoonkogenní proteiny MeSH
- trans-aktivátory MeSH
- transkripční faktory GATA MeSH
BACKGROUND: GATA-2 transcription factor deficiency has recently been described in patients with a propensity towards myeloid malignancy associated with other highly variable phenotypic features: chronic leukocytopenias (dendritic cell-, monocyto-, granulocyto-, lymphocytopenia), increased susceptibility to infections, lymphatic vasculature abnormalities, and sensorineural deafness. Patients often suffer from opportunistic respiratory infections; chronic pulmonary changes have been found in advanced disease. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a case of a 17-year-old previously healthy Caucasian male who was admitted to the hospital with fever, malaise, headache, cough and dyspnea. A chest X-ray revealed bilateral interstitial infiltrates and pneumonia was diagnosed. Despite prompt clinical improvement under antibiotic therapy, interstitial changes remained stable. A high resolution computer tomography showed severe diffuse parenchymal lung disease, while the patient's pulmonary function tests were normal and he was asymptomatic. Lung tissue biopsy revealed chronic reparative and resorptive reaction with organizing vasculitis. At the time of the initial presentation to the hospital, serological signs of acute infection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) were present; EBV viremia with atypical serological response persisted during two-year follow up. No other infectious agents were found. Marked monocytopenia combined with B-cell lymphopenia led to a suspicion of GATA-2 deficiency. Diagnosis was confirmed by detection of the previously published heterozygous mutation in GATA2 (c.1081 C > T, p.R361C). The patient's brother and father were both carriers of the same genetic defect. The brother had no clinically relevant ailments despite leukocyte changes similar to the index patient. The father suffered from spondylarthritis, and apart from B-cell lymphopenia, no other changes within the leukocyte pool were seen. CONCLUSION: We conclude that a diagnosis of GATA-2 deficiency should be considered in all patients with diffuse parenchymal lung disease presenting together with leukocytopenia, namely monocyto-, dendritic cell- and B-lymphopenia, irrespective of severity of the clinical phenotype. Genetic counseling and screening for GATA2 mutations within the patient's family should be provided as the phenotype is highly variable and carriers without apparent immunodeficiency are still in danger of developing myeloid malignancy. A prompt recognition of this rare condition helps to direct clinical treatment strategies and follow-up procedures.
- MeSH
- B-lymfocyty imunologie MeSH
- infekce virem Epsteina-Barrové genetika imunologie MeSH
- intersticiální plicní nemoci diagnóza genetika imunologie MeSH
- leukopenie genetika imunologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lymfopenie genetika imunologie MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- monocyty imunologie MeSH
- mutace MeSH
- plíce diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- rentgendiagnostika MeSH
- syndrom MeSH
- transkripční faktor GATA2 nedostatek genetika imunologie MeSH
- vaskulitida diagnóza genetika imunologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- kazuistiky MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- GATA2 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
- transkripční faktor GATA2 MeSH
The knowledge of mechanisms of regulation of IL-10 production by B cells remains still very limited. We show here that highly purified mouse B cells stimulated with LPS produce significant levels of IL-10, but Bregs in our model do not express detectable level of either Foxp3 or GATA-3. Nevertheless, IL-10 production by B cells is regulated by cytokines. In activated B cells, IL-10 production was significantly enhanced by IFN-γ and decreased in the presence of IL-4 or TGF-β. These findings are in sharp contrast with the observations in T cells, where IL-10 production correlates with GATA-3 or FoxP3 expression, and the cytokines regulate IL-10 production in a reverse manner than in activated B cells. These results thus show that the production of IL-10 by Bregs is regulated by cytokines independently of the expression of GATA-3 and FoxP3, which is clearly different from GATA-3-dependent IL-10 production by activated Th2 cells and FoxP3 expression in IL-10-producing Tregs.
- Klíčová slova
- B cell, Cytokine, FoxP3, GATA-3, IL-10 production, T cell,
- MeSH
- aktivace lymfocytů imunologie MeSH
- faktor 1 indukovatelný hypoxií - podjednotka alfa imunologie MeSH
- forkhead transkripční faktory metabolismus MeSH
- interferon gama imunologie MeSH
- interleukin-10 biosyntéza MeSH
- interleukin-4 imunologie MeSH
- kultivované buňky MeSH
- lipopolysacharidy imunologie MeSH
- myši inbrední BALB C MeSH
- myši MeSH
- regulační B-lymfocyty imunologie MeSH
- regulační T-lymfocyty imunologie MeSH
- Th2 buňky imunologie MeSH
- transformující růstový faktor beta imunologie MeSH
- transkripční faktor GATA3 metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- faktor 1 indukovatelný hypoxií - podjednotka alfa MeSH
- forkhead transkripční faktory MeSH
- Foxp3 protein, mouse MeSH Prohlížeč
- Gata3 protein, mouse MeSH Prohlížeč
- Hif1a protein, mouse MeSH Prohlížeč
- IFNG protein, mouse MeSH Prohlížeč
- IL10 protein, mouse MeSH Prohlížeč
- Il4 protein, mouse MeSH Prohlížeč
- interferon gama MeSH
- interleukin-10 MeSH
- interleukin-4 MeSH
- lipopolysacharidy MeSH
- transformující růstový faktor beta MeSH
- transkripční faktor GATA3 MeSH
GATA-2 deficiency was recently described as common cause of overlapping syndromes of immunodeficiency, lymphedema, familiar myelodysplastic syndrome or acute myeloid leukemia. The aim of our study was to analyze bone marrow and peripheral blood samples of children with myelodysplastic syndrome or aplastic anemia to define prevalence of the GATA2 mutation and to assess whether mutations in GATA-2 transcription factor exhibit specific immunophenotypic features. The prevalence of a GATA2 mutation in a consecutively diagnosed cohort of children was 14% in advanced forms of myelodysplastic syndrome (refractory anemia with excess blasts, refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation, and myelodysplasia-related acute myeloid leukemia), 17% in refractory cytopenia of childhood, and 0% in aplastic anemia. In GATA-2-deficient cases, we found the most profound B-cell lymphopenia, including its progenitors in blood and bone marrow, which correlated with significantly diminished intronRSS-Kde recombination excision circles in comparison to other myelodysplastic syndrome/aplastic anemia cases. The other typical features of GATA-2 deficiency (monocytopenia and natural killer cell lymphopenia) were less discriminative. In conclusion, we suggest screening for GATA2 mutations in pediatric myelodysplastic syndrome, preferentially in patients with impaired B-cell homeostasis in bone marrow and peripheral blood (low number of progenitors, intronRSS-Kde recombination excision circles and naïve cells).
- MeSH
- aplastická anemie diagnóza etiologie MeSH
- B-lymfocyty metabolismus MeSH
- biologické markery MeSH
- buňky kostní dřeně metabolismus patologie MeSH
- diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- fenotyp MeSH
- imunofenotypizace MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- kostní dřeň metabolismus patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lymfopenie diagnóza MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mutace MeSH
- myelodysplastické syndromy diagnóza genetika MeSH
- myeloidní buňky metabolismus MeSH
- počet lymfocytů MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- prekurzorové B-lymfoidní buňky metabolismus MeSH
- ROC křivka MeSH
- T-lymfocyty - podskupiny imunologie metabolismus MeSH
- transkripční faktor GATA2 nedostatek MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- biologické markery MeSH
- transkripční faktor GATA2 MeSH
Hematopoietic transcription factors GATA-1 and PU.1 bind each other on DNA to block transcriptional programs of undesired lineage during hematopoietic commitment. Murine erythroleukemia (MEL) cells that coexpress GATA-1 and PU.1 are blocked at the blast stage but respond to molecular removal (downregulation) of PU.1 or addition (upregulation) of GATA-1 by inducing terminal erythroid differentiation. To test whether GATA-1 blocks PU.1 in MEL cells, we have conditionally activated a transgenic PU.1 protein fused with the estrogen receptor ligand-binding domain (PUER), resulting in activation of a myeloid transcriptional program. Gene expression arrays identified components of the PU.1-dependent transcriptome negatively regulated by GATA-1 in MEL cells, including CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (Cebpa) and core-binding factor, beta subunit (Cbfb), which encode two key hematopoietic transcription factors. Inhibition of GATA-1 by small interfering RNA resulted in derepression of PU.1 target genes. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and reporter assays identified PU.1 motif sequences near Cebpa and Cbfb that are co-occupied by PU.1 and GATA-1 in the leukemic blasts. Significant derepression of Cebpa and Cbfb is achieved in MEL cells by either activation of PU.1 or knockdown of GATA-1. Furthermore, transcriptional regulation of these loci by manipulating the levels of PU.1 and GATA-1 involves quantitative increases in a transcriptionally active chromatin mark: acetylation of histone H3K9. Collectively, we show that either activation of PU.1 or inhibition of GATA-1 efficiently reverses the transcriptional block imposed by GATA-1 and leads to the activation of a myeloid transcriptional program directed by PU.1.
- MeSH
- aktivace transkripce genetika MeSH
- buněčná diferenciace genetika MeSH
- HeLa buňky MeSH
- histony genetika metabolismus MeSH
- leukemie genetika metabolismus patofyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- malá interferující RNA MeSH
- myeloidní buňky metabolismus MeSH
- nádorová transformace buněk genetika metabolismus MeSH
- protein CBFB genetika metabolismus MeSH
- proteiny vázající zesilovač transkripce CCAAT genetika metabolismus MeSH
- protoonkogenní proteiny genetika MeSH
- regulace genové exprese u nádorů genetika MeSH
- regulační elementy transkripční genetika MeSH
- rekombinantní fúzní proteiny genetika metabolismus MeSH
- represorové proteiny genetika metabolismus MeSH
- RNA interference MeSH
- trans-aktivátory genetika MeSH
- transkripční faktor GATA1 genetika metabolismus MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
- Názvy látek
- CBFB protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
- CEBPA protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
- Gata1 protein, mouse MeSH Prohlížeč
- histony MeSH
- malá interferující RNA MeSH
- protein CBFB MeSH
- proteiny vázající zesilovač transkripce CCAAT MeSH
- proto-oncogene protein Spi-1 MeSH Prohlížeč
- protoonkogenní proteiny MeSH
- rekombinantní fúzní proteiny MeSH
- represorové proteiny MeSH
- trans-aktivátory MeSH
- transkripční faktor GATA1 MeSH
BACKGROUND: The c.1-67C variant polymorphism in a GATA motif of the FY promoter is known to result in erythroid-specific FY silencing, that is, in Fy(a-) and Fy(b-) phenotypes. A Caucasian donor presented with the very rare Fy(a-b-) phenotype and was further investigated. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Genomic DNA was analyzed by sequencing to identify the cause of the Fy(a-b-) phenotype. Samples were collected from some of his relatives to establish a correlation between the serology and genotyping results. Red blood cells were analyzed by gel column agglutination and flow cytometry. Genomic DNA was analyzed on genotyping microarrays, by DNA sequencing and by allele-specific PCR. RESULTS: In the donor, a single-nucleotide polymorphism T>C within the GATA motif was found at Position c.1-69 of the FY promoter and shown to occur in the FY*A allele. His genotype was found to be FY*A(-69C), FY*BW.01. In six FY*A/FY*B heterozygous members of the family, a perfect correlation was found between the presence vs. absence of the FY*A(-69C) variant allele and a Fy(a-) vs. Fy(a+) phenotype. CONCLUSION: The location of the c.1-69C polymorphism in a GATA motif whose disruption is known to result in a Fy null phenotype, together with the perfect correlation between the presence of the FY*A(-69C) allele and the Fy(a-) phenotype support a cause-effect relationship between the two.
- MeSH
- alely MeSH
- běloši MeSH
- fenotyp MeSH
- genotyp MeSH
- jednonukleotidový polymorfismus genetika MeSH
- krevní skupiny - systém Duffy genetika MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- promotorové oblasti (genetika) genetika MeSH
- rodokmen MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- krevní skupiny - systém Duffy MeSH
In yeast physiology, a commonly used reference condition for many experiments, including those involving nitrogen catabolite repression (NCR), is growth in synthetic complete (SC) medium. Four SC formulations, SCCSH,1990, SCCSH,1994, SCCSH,2005, and SCME, have been used interchangeably as the nitrogen-rich medium of choice [Cold Spring Harbor Yeast Course Manuals (SCCSH) and a formulation in the methods in enzymology (SCME)]. It has been tacitly presumed that all of these formulations support equivalent responses. However, a recent report concluded that (i) TorC1 activity is downregulated by the lower concentration of primarily leucine in SCME relative to SCCSH. (ii) The Whi2-Psr1/2 complex is responsible for this downregulation. TorC1 is a primary nitrogen-responsive regulator in yeast. Among its downstream targets is control of NCR-sensitive transcription activators Gln3 and Gat1. They in turn control production of catabolic transporters and enzymes needed to scavenge poor nitrogen sources (e.g., Proline) and activate autophagy (ATG14). One of the reporters used in Chen et al. was an NCR-sensitive DAL80-GFP promoter fusion. This intrigued us because we expected minimal if any DAL80 expression in SC medium. Therefore, we investigated the source of the Dal80-GFP production and the proteomes of wild-type and whi2Δ cells cultured in SCCSH and SCME. We found a massive and equivalent reorientation of amino acid biosynthetic proteins in both wild-type and whi2Δ cells even though both media contained high overall concentrations of amino acids. Gcn2 appears to play a significant regulatory role in this reorientation. NCR-sensitive DAL80 expression and overall NCR-sensitive protein production were only marginally affected by the whi2Δ. In contrast, the levels of 58 proteins changed by an absolute value of log2 between 3 and 8 when Whi2 was abolished relative to wild type. Surprisingly, with only two exceptions could those proteins be related in GO analyses, i.e., GO terms associated with carbohydrate metabolism and oxidative stress after shifting a whi2Δ from SCCSH to SCME for 6 h. What was conspicuously missing were proteins related by TorC1- and NCR-associated GO terms.
- Klíčová slova
- DAL80, Gat1, Gcn2, Gln3, TorC1 complex, Whi2, nitrogen metabolism, nuclear translocation, signal transduction, synthetic complete medium,
- MeSH
- dusík metabolismus farmakologie MeSH
- katabolická represe * MeSH
- proteom metabolismus MeSH
- regulace genové exprese u hub MeSH
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae - proteiny genetika metabolismus MeSH
- transkripční faktory GATA chemie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
- Názvy látek
- dusík MeSH
- proteom MeSH
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae - proteiny MeSH
- transkripční faktory GATA MeSH
- Whi2 protein, S cerevisiae MeSH Prohlížeč
GATA-1 and PU.1 are two important hematopoietic transcription factors that mutually inhibit each other in progenitor cells to guide entrance into the erythroid or myeloid lineage, respectively. PU.1 controls its own expression during myelopoiesis by binding to the distal URE enhancer, whose deletion leads to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We herein present evidence that GATA-1 binds to the PU.1 gene and inhibits its expression in human AML-erythroleukemias (EL). Furthermore, GATA-1 together with DNA methyl Transferase I (DNMT1) mediate repression of the PU.1 gene through the URE. Repression of the PU.1 gene involves both DNA methylation at the URE and its histone H3 lysine-K9 methylation and deacetylation as well as the H3K27 methylation at additional DNA elements and the promoter. The GATA-1-mediated inhibition of PU.1 gene transcription in human AML-EL mediated through the URE represents important mechanism that contributes to PU.1 downregulation and leukemogenesis that is sensitive to DNA demethylation therapy.
- MeSH
- akutní erytroblastická leukemie genetika patologie MeSH
- akutní myeloidní leukemie genetika patologie MeSH
- buněčná diferenciace genetika MeSH
- DNA-(cytosin-5-)methyltransferasa genetika metabolismus MeSH
- DNA-(cytosin-5)-methyltransferasa 1 MeSH
- genetická transkripce MeSH
- histony genetika MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metylace DNA genetika MeSH
- promotorové oblasti (genetika) MeSH
- protoonkogenní proteiny biosyntéza genetika metabolismus MeSH
- regulace genové exprese u leukemie MeSH
- trans-aktivátory biosyntéza genetika metabolismus MeSH
- transkripční faktor GATA1 genetika metabolismus MeSH
- vazba proteinů MeSH
- zesilovače transkripce MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- DNA-(cytosin-5-)methyltransferasa MeSH
- DNA-(cytosin-5)-methyltransferasa 1 MeSH
- DNMT1 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
- GATA1 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
- histony MeSH
- proto-oncogene protein Spi-1 MeSH Prohlížeč
- protoonkogenní proteiny MeSH
- trans-aktivátory MeSH
- transkripční faktor GATA1 MeSH
Ageing constitutes the most important risk factor for all major chronic ailments, including malignant, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. However, behavioural and pharmacological interventions with feasible potential to promote health upon ageing remain rare. Here we report the identification of the flavonoid 4,4'-dimethoxychalcone (DMC) as a natural compound with anti-ageing properties. External DMC administration extends the lifespan of yeast, worms and flies, decelerates senescence of human cell cultures, and protects mice from prolonged myocardial ischaemia. Concomitantly, DMC induces autophagy, which is essential for its cytoprotective effects from yeast to mice. This pro-autophagic response induces a conserved systemic change in metabolism, operates independently of TORC1 signalling and depends on specific GATA transcription factors. Notably, we identify DMC in the plant Angelica keiskei koidzumi, to which longevity- and health-promoting effects are ascribed in Asian traditional medicine. In summary, we have identified and mechanistically characterised the conserved longevity-promoting effects of a natural anti-ageing drug.
- MeSH
- Angelica chemie MeSH
- autofagie účinky léků MeSH
- buněčná smrt účinky léků MeSH
- buněčné linie účinky léků MeSH
- Caenorhabditis elegans účinky léků MeSH
- dlouhověkost účinky léků fyziologie MeSH
- Drosophila melanogaster účinky léků MeSH
- flavonoidy aplikace a dávkování farmakologie MeSH
- ischemická choroba srdeční farmakoterapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mechanistické cílové místo rapamycinového komplexu 1 metabolismus MeSH
- myši inbrední C57BL MeSH
- myši MeSH
- proteiny přenášející kationty genetika MeSH
- regulace genové exprese účinky léků MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty farmakologie MeSH
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae - proteiny genetika MeSH
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae účinky léků metabolismus MeSH
- signální transdukce MeSH
- sirolimus farmakologie MeSH
- stárnutí účinky léků fyziologie MeSH
- tradiční orientální medicína MeSH
- transkripční faktory GATA účinky léků MeSH
- transkripční faktory účinky léků genetika MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- flavonoidy MeSH
- GLN3 protein, S cerevisiae MeSH Prohlížeč
- mechanistické cílové místo rapamycinového komplexu 1 MeSH
- MEP2 protein, S cerevisiae MeSH Prohlížeč
- proteiny přenášející kationty MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty MeSH
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae - proteiny MeSH
- sirolimus MeSH
- transkripční faktory GATA MeSH
- transkripční faktory MeSH
Deficiency of the transcription factor GATA2 is a highly penetrant genetic disorder predisposing to myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and immunodeficiency. It has been recognized as the most common cause underlying primary MDS in children. Triggered by the discovery of a recurrent synonymous GATA2 variant, we systematically investigated 911 patients with phenotype of pediatric MDS or cellular deficiencies for the presence of synonymous alterations in GATA2. In total, we identified nine individuals with five heterozygous synonymous mutations: c.351C>G, p.T117T (N = 4); c.649C>T, p.L217L; c.981G>A, p.G327G; c.1023C>T, p.A341A; and c.1416G>A, p.P472P (N = 2). They accounted for 8.2% (9/110) of cases with GATA2 deficiency in our cohort and resulted in selective loss of mutant RNA. While for the hotspot mutation (c.351C>G) a splicing error leading to RNA and protein reduction was identified, severe, likely late stage RNA loss without splicing disruption was found for other mutations. Finally, the synonymous mutations did not alter protein function or stability. In summary, synonymous GATA2 substitutions are a new common cause of GATA2 deficiency. These findings have broad implications for genetic counseling and pathogenic variant discovery in Mendelian disorders.
- MeSH
- deficit GATA2 genetika MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- fenotyp MeSH
- genetická predispozice k nemoci genetika MeSH
- genetické asociační studie MeSH
- heterozygot MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- myelodysplastické syndromy genetika MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- RNA genetika MeSH
- syndromy imunologické nedostatečnosti genetika MeSH
- tichá mutace genetika MeSH
- transkripční faktor GATA2 nedostatek genetika MeSH
- zárodečné mutace genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- předškolní dítě MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- GATA2 protein, human MeSH Prohlížeč
- RNA MeSH
- transkripční faktor GATA2 MeSH