PURPOSE: this study aims to evaluate the postoperative results of uncorrected visual acutity (UCVA) near and distance and contrast sensitivity after cataract surgery with Acrysof ReSTOR SN6AD3 implantation and to evaluate the personal questionnaire. METHODS: this prospective study included 40 eyes of 21 patients with cataract. Each patient had small incision cataract surgery with Acrysof ReSTOR SN6AD3 implantation. Corrected and uncorrected distance visual acuity, corrected and uncorrected close visual acuity and corrected scotopic contrast sensitivity were measured before and after surgery. The subjective impressions of patients were evaluated by a personal questionnaire. RESULTS: mean distance UCVA before surgery was 0.3 +/- 0.19, mean distance UCVA after surgery was 0.9 +/- 0.3. Mean near UCVA before surgery was 11.9 +/- 2.2, mean near UCVA after surgery was 1.8 +/- 1.1. Contrast sensitivity before surgery was 25.6 +/- 10.3 and after surgery was 33.3 +/- 1.8. The evaluation of the questionnaire revealed that 19 patients (95%) never wear glasses, 17 patients (80%) are fully satisfied with reading very small text and 17 patients (80%) are fully satisfied with far vision. Hallos around spot lights recorded 12 patients (60%). Problems with contrast noticed 3 patients (15%). All of the patients would prefer the implantation of the same intraocular lens and recommend it to friend. CONCLUSION: The results shows that uncorrected both distance and near visual acuity were better after surgery (p < 0.0001). Contrast sensitivity also improved after surgery (p = 0.0001). Personal questionnaire revealed high satisfaction after surgery.

• MeSH
• Contrast Sensitivity MeSH
• Cataract Extraction * MeSH
• Lens Implantation, Intraocular * MeSH
• Cataract physiopathology   MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Lenses, Intraocular * MeSH
• Visual Acuity MeSH
• Check Tag
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• English Abstract MeSH
• Journal Article MeSH

• MeSH
• Paint * MeSH
• Solubility MeSH
• Silicate Cement standards   MeSH
• Dental Restoration, Permanent standards   MeSH
• Dental Materials * MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Silicate Cement MeSH
• Dental Materials * MeSH

• MeSH
• Dental Restoration, Permanent MeSH
• Dentistry MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

OBJECTIVE: Systematic review and meta-analysis on laboratory studies aimed to answer whether there is a difference in fracture resistance and fracture mode of structurally compromised teeth restored with direct composite restorations reinforced with short glass-fiber or bidirectional polyethylene fiber substructure, and between the two different fiber-reinforcement types. METHODS: An electronic literature search was conducted in Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Lilacs, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and University Library databases. The last search was conducted on 16 November 2023. Only studies looking at Ribbond-reinforced restorations and/ or the use of EverX Posterior within restorations were included. Data were categorized and analyzed based on specific outcome measures including fracture resistance and fracture mode. Data from individual studies were divided into premolars and molars for each material category and then collated to compare the mean differences in fracture resistance between control groups (composite restorations) and intervention groups (fiber-reinforced composite restorations). RESULTS: From the initial 1266 articles identified, 23 laboratory-based studies were included for quantitative analysis. Twenty articles had an overall low risk of bias and 3 had an overall unclear risk of bias. The pooled estimate of the effect favored the intervention groups as having statistically significant higher fracture resistance when compared to control groups. CONCLUSIONS: Both fiber types improve fracture resistance and the fracture mode of structurally compromised teeth is equally efficient. Application technique deserves attention. Ribbond could be placed in a single layer at the cavity floor, whereas EverX Posterior should replace missing dentin in an anatomically shaped way.

• MeSH
• Tooth Fractures * prevention & control   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Polyethylenes MeSH
• Glass chemistry   MeSH
• Composite Resins * therapeutic use   chemistry   MeSH
• Dental Restoration, Permanent * methods   MeSH
• Dental Materials chemistry   MeSH
• Dental Restoration Failure MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Meta-Analysis MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Systematic Review MeSH
• Names of Substances
• EverX Posterior MeSH Browser
• fiberglass MeSH Browser
• Polyethylenes MeSH
• RIBBOND MeSH Browser
• Composite Resins * MeSH
• Dental Materials MeSH

OBJECTIVES: Whereas dental materials came in direct or close contact with oral tissue, it is a great concern about the biocompatibility of those materials. This study was performed to evaluate possible DNA damage to buccal cells exposed to dental materials. METHODS: This prospective, longitudinal clinical study was conducted over a three months period. Class II restorations were placed in 60 young patients with no previous filling using one of three tested dental materials (two glass ionomers; Ketac Molar and Ionofil Molar and one compomer material; Twinky Star). DNA damage was analysed by micronucleus assays, in buccal exfoliated epithelial cells. RESULTS: In patients treated with Ketac Molar, a significant frequency of micronuclei (p = 0.027) and binucleated cells in samples taken 30 days following restoration (p = 0.029) was confirmed. In patients treated with Twinky Star, a statistically significant increase in the number of binucleated cells in samples taken after 7 and 30 days following restoration (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively) was observed. In all samples collected 90 days after treatment, there was no statistical difference in the number of any cell changes. CONCLUSION: In this study long-term biocompatibility of tested materials was confirmed. Glass ionomers and compomers are widely used materials in paediatric dentistry, and this study has proved their safety for usage in children.

• Keywords
• DNA damage, compomers, dental materials, genotoxicity test, glass ionomer cements, restorative dentistry,
• MeSH
• Child MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Longitudinal Studies MeSH
• DNA Damage * MeSH
• Prospective Studies MeSH
• Composite Resins adverse effects   MeSH
• Dental Restoration, Permanent * MeSH
• Mouth Mucosa * MeSH
• Check Tag
• Child MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Composite Resins MeSH

The causes of decreasing plant species richness include abandonment of traditional management and the spread of invasive species, even in alpine habitats. Studies on the restoration and management of alpine habitats are predominantly focused on vascular plants, although an important part of alpine vegetation and its diversity is formed by bryophytes. We used bryophytes to indicate changes that occur after the clearcutting of nonindigenous dwarf pine (Pinus mugo Turra) and attempted to reveal the community to which the development of bryophyte species structure was directed. We compared species richness and composition between surveys to test for changes in spatial heterogeneity bryophyte communities. We also tried to reveal the main ecological drivers of the restoration process. The study was performed in the (sub)alpine area of the Eastern High Sudetes Mts. (the Czech Republic). We estimated bryophyte species cover and compared the composition of the bryophyte community in autochthonous grassland areas, areas under the dwarf pine canopy, and clearcut areas to reveal the pattern of shifts 9 years after the treatment. We also measured soil characteristics to reveal the environmental habitat conditions. Evidence of taxonomic homogenization of habitat after dwarf pine removal was found. Light conditions and attributes of litter were the driving factors of successional changes in the bryophyte communities, which led to taxonomic homogenization. This finding explains the slow restoration process due to dwarf pine legacy on the clearcut area. The succession trends were also shaped by unobserved factors, such as climate change and environmental eutrophication. We highly recommended active management and long-term monitoring.

• Keywords
• Clearcut, Dwarf pine, Environmental characteristics, Liverwort, Management, Successional trend,
• MeSH
• Biodiversity MeSH
• Pinus MeSH
• Bryophyta * classification   MeSH
• Climate Change MeSH
• Grassland * MeSH
• Environmental Restoration and Remediation * MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH

Achieving global restoration targets poses challenges including the need for long-term research and effective monitoring of success, fostering collaborations across diverse fields and actors, ensuring the availability of suitable reference ecosystems, and securing sustained funding. Yet, these conditions are often lacking, limiting the effectiveness of restoration. We provide an overview of ecological restoration practices in the pan-European region of the Long-term Ecological Research Network (eLTER) and demonstrate the importance of eLTER and its potential contributions to support the implementation of the EU Nature Restoration Law. We developed an online questionnaire to collect information on eLTER restoration experts and restoration projects details including the use of eLTER contributions (e.g. infrastructure, data and knowledge), between November 2021 and March 2022. We identified 62 restoration experts and 42 restoration projects from 18 countries. Our results show that eLTER restoration expertise covers most of the European habitats, diverse degradation states and restoration techniques. Most restoration projects (78%) involved long-term monitoring exceeding the average project lifespan, which has proven necessary to achieve restoration success. No common protocol was used for monitoring and evaluation or cost-benefit estimates, but respondents reported effective projects, mostly financed from national funds, and benefits in five ecosystem services on average covered per project. Key eLTER contributions included providing reference ecosystems, biotic and abiotic background data, and interdisciplinary discussion or stakeholder management. Ecological restoration is time intensive and requires long-term research and monitoring standardization to fully understand the restoration process and to ensure comparability across ecosystems. The eLTER network can help address these challenges providing added-value contributions through its infrastructure, long-term datasets, diversity of expertise and strategies that can help identify best restoration practices and support the EU Nature Restoration Law. Finally, additional and long-term funding from the EU and the private sector is needed to achieve global larger-scale restoration targets.

• Keywords
• Cost-effectiveness, Ecosystem restoration, Long-term monitoring, Reference ecosystem, Restoration expertise, eLTER,
• MeSH
• Ecology * MeSH
• Ecosystem * MeSH
• Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
• Environmental Restoration and Remediation MeSH
• Conservation of Natural Resources * methods   MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Geographicals
• Europe MeSH

• MeSH
• Anesthesia, General * MeSH
• Child Behavior * MeSH
• Child MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Dental Restoration, Permanent * MeSH
• Check Tag
• Child MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Adolescent MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• English Abstract MeSH
• Journal Article MeSH

This study investigated the effect of restoration management of a weed-infested area, previously used as cattle resting place, on herbage production and nutrient concentrations in the soil and herbage. The experiment was undertaken from 2004 to 2011 at the National Park of Nízké Tatry, Slovakia. Three treatments were applied: (i) cutting twice per year, (ii) herbicide application, followed after three weeks by reseeding with a mixture of vascular plant species and then cut twice per year, and (iii) unmanaged. Treatments had significant effect on biomass production and concentration of nutrients in the soil and in herbage. Nutrient concentrations in herbage and in soil declined progressively under the cutting treatments and reached optimum ranges for dairy cattle at the end of the experiment when herbage N was less than 15 g kg-1 and herbage P was 3.4 g kg-1. There was also a strong positive relationship under the cutting treatments between soil nutrient concentrations and herbage nutrient concentrations for N, P, K, Mg and Ca. Although the cutting management as well as the combination of herbicide application with cutting management reduced nutrient concentrations in the soil and in herbage, the nutrient concentrations remained relatively high. We can conclude that restoration of grassland covered with weedy species like Urtica dioica and Rumex obtusifolius, with excessive levels of soil nutrients, cannot be achieved just by cutting and herbicide application.

• MeSH
• Biomass MeSH
• Potassium metabolism   MeSH
• Nitrogen metabolism   MeSH
• Poaceae growth & development   metabolism   MeSH
• Grassland * MeSH
• Soil chemistry   MeSH
• Environmental Restoration and Remediation methods   MeSH
• Cattle MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Cattle MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Geographicals
• Slovakia MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Potassium MeSH
• Nitrogen MeSH
• Soil MeSH

OBJECTIVE: Restorative treatment of anterior teeth is often required as the final step of orthodontic therapy to optimize the esthetics and function. This case report presents a direct minimally invasive approach for post-orthodontic recontouring of anterior teeth using the composite injection technique with a digital workflow. CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS: The extraction of central incisors with short roots was indicated to resolve maxillary anterior crowding. The gained space was closed with lateral incisors, and it was necessary to recontour them and canines to resemble central and lateral incisors, respectively. The restorations were digitally designed, and a transparent silicone index was fabricated from a 3D-printed cast of the digital wax-up. After lateral incisors and canines were bonded with a universal adhesive in the etch-and-rinse mode, a highly filled injectable composite resin was applied into the index. The restorative treatment was preceded by gingivectomy using an Er:YAG laser and home bleaching. CONCLUSIONS: In cases where more complex recontouring of anterior teeth is necessary, the composite injection technique could be a suitable alternative to indirect restorations, because it is straightforward, cost-effective, and does not require any preparation. The digital workflow simplified and expedited the treatment while contributing to its precision. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Post-orthodontic recontouring using direct composite restorations is well accepted by patients due to low cost and non-invasiveness. However, in complicated cases, the free-hand technique is time-consuming and technique-sensitive. The presented composite injection technique with a digital workflow significantly simplifies and expedites the composite placement while predictably enhancing the treatment outcome.

• Keywords
• CAD/CAM, bleaching, digital dentistry, operative dentistry, periodontics/orthodontics,
• MeSH
• Esthetics, Dental MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Workflow * MeSH
• Incisor MeSH
• Composite Resins MeSH
• Dental Restoration, Permanent * MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Case Reports MeSH
• Names of Substances
• Composite Resins MeSH