• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• potravní vláknina * metabolismus   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

An increased dietary fibre intake can improve in diabetic patients the compensation of diabetes. The effect of fibre depends on its composition, mode of administration, daily intake and the carbohydrate content of the diet. The reduction of the blood sugar level depends also on the patient's body weight and the degree of compensation of diabetes.

• MeSH
• diabetes mellitus krev   dietoterapie   MeSH
• diabetická dieta * MeSH
• krevní glukóza analýza   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• potravní vláknina aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• krevní glukóza MeSH
• potravní vláknina MeSH

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• faktor V analýza   MeSH
• hyperlipoproteinemie krev   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• potravní vláknina aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• protrombin analýza   MeSH
• protrombinový čas * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• faktor V MeSH
• potravní vláknina MeSH
• protrombin MeSH

We evaluated the nutritional factors of underutilized cereals (spelt, emmer, einkorn, millet, foxtail millet, semiperennial rye, naked oat, and naked barley) and buckwheat. The basic food components as well as minor nutrients were determined. The analyses included dry matter, ash, protein, dietary fiber, fat, fatty acids, amino acids, minerals, and lipophilic and hydrophilic vitamins. Rutin was also determined in buckwheat. We hope to offer new recipes for the healthy food production and for special dietary use (diabetes, celiac disease, phenylketonuria diet, etc.). Use of the germinated seeds is also suggested. The examples of some healthy food products in the Czech Republic are mentioned.

• MeSH
• aminokyseliny analýza   MeSH
• analýza potravin * MeSH
• biopotraviny MeSH
• dietní proteiny analýza   MeSH
• dietní tuky analýza   MeSH
• Fagopyrum chemie   MeSH
• fyziologie výživy * MeSH
• jedlá semena chemie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• minerály analýza   MeSH
• nutriční hodnota MeSH
• potravní vláknina analýza   MeSH
• vitaminy analýza   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• aminokyseliny MeSH
• dietní proteiny MeSH
• dietní tuky MeSH
• minerály MeSH
• potravní vláknina MeSH
• vitaminy MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE *,
• MeSH
• hygiena práce * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• potravní vláknina * MeSH
• projímadla * MeSH
• stavba rostlin * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• potravní vláknina * MeSH
• projímadla * MeSH

Wethers were subjected to experiments aimed at studying the possibility of replacing part of bulk fodder by treated beech sawdust and its effect on ruminal fermentation in the case of administration of chopped and unchopped hay. For a period of 24 weeks the animals consumed 1000 g of diet dry matter daily; the diet contained 41.81% of chopped meadow hay, 25.28% of barley, 15.37% of chopped straw, 14.98% of molasses, 1.32% of urea and 1.24% of mineral supplement. In the test group the 15.37% proportion of straw was replaced by sawdust. In the subsequent ten-week period the animals were given the same diets, but the hay was not chopped. On the whole the experiment was performed with two groups with straw and two with sawdust. In the groups with chopped hay the sawdust in the diet increased the molar percentage of acetic acid, reduced the molar percentage of propionic acid (which resulted in an increased acetate: propionate ratio), and reduced the pH value and energy efficiency of the produced volatile fatty acids (VFA). The levels of total VFA were not affected. In the groups fed unchopped (long) hay the diet with 15.37% of sawdust showed a significant increase in total VFA and in the molar percentage of butyric acid as well as in the energy efficiency of VFA in rumen. The acetate: propionate ratio was not changed, probably owing to sufficient production of acetic acid. Although some variability was recorded in the results, it can be stated that treated beech sawdust had no adverse effect on rumen fermentation and that the replacement of part of bulk forage by this sawdust was successful. A relationship was also found between sawdust and the physical form of the bulk fodder contained in the ration.

• MeSH
• bachor fyziologie   MeSH
• dřevo * MeSH
• fermentace MeSH
• krmivo pro zvířata * MeSH
• ovce fyziologie   MeSH
• potravní vláknina * MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• diabetes mellitus krev   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• glukosa metabolismus   MeSH
• krevní glukóza metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lipidy krev   MeSH
• potravní vláknina aplikace a dávkování   farmakologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• glukosa MeSH
• krevní glukóza MeSH
• lipidy MeSH
• potravní vláknina MeSH

Hypercholesterolemia is one of primary risk factors of cardiovascular disease, together with metabolic syndrome, hypertension and diabetes. Although progress has been made, the search for novel methods of preventing and treating dyslipidemia is ongoing and current therapies for cardiovascular disease induce various side effects. β‑glucans are linear unbranched polysaccharides found in various natural sources, such as mushrooms. Due to their structure they are able to interact with innate immunity receptors, however they also act as dietary fibers in the digestive tract. As there are two forms of β‑glucans, insoluble and soluble forms, they are able to interact with lipids and biliary salts in the bowel and consequently reduce cholesterol levels. Therefore, they may be developed as a suitable therapeutic option to treat patients with dyslipidemia, as they are natural molecules that do not induce any significant side effects. The current review discusses the evidence supporting the effects of β‑glucans on cholesterol levels.

• MeSH
• anticholesteremika chemie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• beta-glukany chemie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• cholesterol krev   imunologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• hypercholesterolemie krev   imunologie   metabolismus   terapie   MeSH
• imunologické faktory chemie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• potravní vláknina analýza   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• anticholesteremika MeSH
• beta-glukany MeSH
• cholesterol MeSH
• imunologické faktory MeSH
• potravní vláknina MeSH

Trends in dietary nutrition and their personalization are progress in medical science and point out the necessity of adaptation and development of innovations in health system. The main objective of this article is to review the role of dietary fibre as prebiotics in nutrition with different functionality, its influence on modulation of intestinal microbiota, which has an essential role in maintenance of healthy organisms in people of all ages.

• Klíčová slova
• dietary fibre, health, microbiome, nutrition, prebiotic,
• MeSH
• dieta MeSH
• nutriční stav MeSH
• potravní vláknina MeSH
• prebiotika * aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• střevní mikroflóra * fyziologie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• potravní vláknina MeSH
• prebiotika * MeSH

1. Results of epidemiological studies indicate that a human diet rich in vegetables may lower the incidence of cancer. 2. This preventive effect of the vegetable diet against cancer could be ascribed to lowered intake of energy (joules) and its content of vitamins and carotene. 3. The consumption of vegetables means also less meat and fats as well as increased fiber content and specific chemopreventive compounds (indoles, plant phenols) present in such a diet. 4. The supposed mechanisms of prevention may include enhanced enzymatic detoxification of harmful compounds, and inhibition of their binding to cellular DNA, their adsorption on fiber, detoxification of radical forms of carcinogens by natural antioxidants in plants and probably many other ways too.

• MeSH
• dieta * MeSH
• fenoly MeSH
• indoly MeSH
• jedlé rostliny * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mořské řasy MeSH
• nádory epidemiologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• potravní vláknina MeSH
• zelenina * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• fenoly MeSH
• indoly MeSH
• potravní vláknina MeSH