The aim of the paper was to assess the differences in the mental distress of university students in the first and second waves of COVID-19, to compare these levels with that of the general population as well as to identify the risk factors associated with the changes in mental health. A total of 2,025 university students in core psychology courses in all years of study at the Faculty of Education at Palacký University Olomouc were approached via e-mail. Of this number of students, 800 students took part in the study, divided into two groups from the spring (N = 438) and autumn (N = 362) pandemic waves. The data were collected online via Google Forms using a battery of questionnaires and analyzed using the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test, One-Sample Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test and binary logistic regression. The results showed a high prevalence of depressive symptoms (38.4 and 51.4%), significant anxiety (43.8 and 37%), and high stress (19.9 and 22.9%) among students in both waves of the pandemic. Depression and stress also increased significantly during the second wave compared with the first one (r = 0.18 [0.12, 0.25] and r = 0.08 [0.01, 0.14]). Finally, university students showed significantly higher levels of mental distress than the general population in all of the variables and in both waves (r = 0.42-0.86). A variety of factors influenced different aspects of mental distress in the spring and autumn pandemic waves. Emotion regulation emerged as the most significant and pervasive factor, both influencing all of the three indicators of mental distress and being a significant predictor in both waves.

• Klíčová slova
• COVID-19, mental health, pandemic, risk factors, university setting,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The article describes activities of an antibiotic center at a university hospital in the Czech Republic and presents the results of antibiotic stewardship program implementation over a period of 10 years. It provides data on the development of resistance of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus to selected antibiotic agents as well as consumption data for various antibiotic classes. The genetic basis of resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and its clonal spread were also assessed. The study showed significant correlations between aminoglycoside consumption and resistance of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae to gentamicin (r = 0.712, r = 0.869), fluoroquinolone consumption and resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae to ciprofloxacin (r = 0.896), aminoglycoside consumption and resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to amikacin (r = 0.716), as well as carbapenem consumption and resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to meropenem (r = 0.855). Genotyping of ESBL- positive isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli showed a predominance of CTX-M-type; in AmpC-positive strains, DHA, EBC and CIT enzymes prevailed. Of 19 meropenem-resistant strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, two were identified as NDM-positive. Clonal spread of these strains was not detected. The results suggest that comprehensive antibiotic stewardship implementation in a healthcare facility may help to maintain the effectiveness of antibiotics against bacterial pathogens. Particularly beneficial is the work of clinical microbiologists who, among other things, approve administration of antibiotics to patients with bacterial infections and directly participate in their antibiotic therapy.

• Klíčová slova
• antibiotic stewardship, clonal spread, consumption of antibiotics, resistance,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: Handwashing is an effective and inexpensive way to prevent diarrhea and acute respiratory infections. This study aimed to evaluate the Turkish University students' social hand washing knowledge, practices, skills and related factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All existing 1st year students in the Medical and Educational Faculty, plus all existing 2nd and 3rd year students in the Medical Faculty of Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey, from April to May, 2010, were eligible for the study. Participants filled in a questionnaire. The questionnaire tested the students' social hand washing knowledge (8 questions), practices (21 questions), and skills (10 questions) and it was prepared using previously published studies. Participants received 1 point for each correct answer provided. Final scores were calculated by summing up the points from all questions in the particular section divided by the number of questions in this section and multiplied by 100. The Family Affluence Scale was used to determine a socioeconomic status (SES). RESULTS: In all 303 students participated in this study. Participants' age (+/- SD) was 20.1 +/- 1.6 and the age range was between 18 and 32. Sixty two point seven percent of the participants were women. Forty four point nine percent of the participants were medical students. Fifty one point eight percent of the participants were in low SES. Twenty seven point four percent of the participants wash their hands less than 5 times a day. main reason for skipping hand washing was the participants' belief of 'no need' (63.7%). The mean scores (+/- SD) of participants' hand washing knowledge, practices, and skills were 71.2 +/- 20.7, 60.3 +/- 13.4 and 79.7 +/- 18.4, respectively. All scores were significantly higher in women. A multivariate analysis showed that gender was the main factor affecting all scores. CONCLUSIONS: Increasing quantity and/or quality of available campus based public health educational programs, creating hand-hygiene promotion programs to the general public and using the findings from this study are recommended.

• MeSH
• dezinfekce rukou * MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kontrola infekčních nemocí metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• studenti MeSH
• univerzity * MeSH
• zdraví - znalosti, postoje, praxe * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Turecko MeSH

Smartphone touchscreens are known as pathogen carriers in clinical environments. However, despite a rapidly growing number of smartphone users worldwide, little is known about bacterial contamination of smartphone touchscreens in non-clinical settings. Such data are needed to better understand the hygienic relevance of these increasingly popular items. Here, 60 touchscreens of smartphones provided by randomly chosen students of a German university were sampled by directly touching them with contact agar plates. The average bacterial load of uncleaned touchscreens was 1.37 ± 0.33 CFU/cm(2). Touchscreens wiped with commercially available microfiber cloths or alcohol-impregnated lens wipes contained significantly less bacteria than uncleaned touchscreens, i.e., 0.22 ± 0.10 CFU/cm(2) and 0.06 ± 0.02 CFU/cm(2), respectively. Bacteria isolated from cleaned and uncleaned touchscreens were identified by means of MALDI Biotyping. Out of 111 bacterial isolates, 56 isolates (50 %) were identified to genus level and 27 (24 %) to species level. The vast majority of the identified bacteria were typical human skin, mouth, lung, and intestinal commensals, mostly affiliated with the genera Staphylococcus and Micrococcus. Five out of 10 identified species were opportunistic pathogens. In conclusion, the touchscreens investigated here showed low bacterial loads and a species spectrum that is typical for frequently touched surfaces in domestic and public environments, the general health risk of which is still under debate.

• MeSH
• Bacteria klasifikace   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• bakteriální nálož MeSH
• dezinfekce metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikrobiologie životního prostředí * MeSH
• mobilní telefon * MeSH
• spektrometrie hmotnostní - ionizace laserem za účasti matrice MeSH
• techniky typizace bakterií MeSH
• univerzity MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Německo MeSH

AIM: To determine the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), identify risk factors, assess treatment and its effectiveness. DESIGN: A prospective, observational, questionnaire- and interview-based study. SETTING: Standard and intensive care units of the following university hospital departments: abdominal, thoracic and vascular surgery; gynecology; plastic and esthetic surgery; urology; and traumatology. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Adult patients scheduled for elective surgery who gave informed consent were enrolled. A questionnaire-based study was performed on the first postoperative day. The collected data relevant to PONV were statistically analyzed. CONCLUSION: The incidence of PONV was significantly lower than generally presumed and was related to the patient gender, type of surgery and overall health status. PONV was more frequent in obese patients and when drugs antagonizing opioids or muscle relaxants were used. Early administration of antiemetic agents led to considerably less discomfort.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• incidence MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• nemocnice univerzitní MeSH
• pooperační nevolnost a zvracení * epidemiologie   etiologie   patofyziologie   terapie   MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) have been a major public health concern for years. These pathogens are highly resistant, which facilitates their spread in health care settings where they may cause infections difficult to treat with antibiotics, particularly in immunocompromised patients. Over recent years, a considerable increase in VRE has also been observed in the Hradec Králové University Hospital. In 2017, 59 cases of VRE colonization or infection were newly diagnosed in inpatients. Based on a retrospective investigation, infected patients were identified, and from the hospital information system data, clinical and epidemiological factors possibly linked to VRE were analysed. It was concluded that one of the reasons behind the increase in VRE was poor compliance with the hygienic antiepidemic rules in general and with hand hygiene in particular, which was confirmed by the changed epidemiological situation the following year after more stringent rules were adopted. Raising awareness of health care workers about good practices to reduce the risk of the spread of resistant pathogens is crucial for the prevention of these infections.

• Klíčová slova
• antiepidemic measures, epidemiology, surveillance, vancomycin-resistant enterococci,
• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky MeSH
• enterokoky rezistentní vůči vankomycinu * MeSH
• grampozitivní bakteriální infekce * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nemocnice univerzitní MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antibakteriální látky MeSH

The authors present the results of surgical treatment of esophageal cancer at Department of Surgery I, University Hospital Olomouc between 20062016. The aim of the study was to use retrospective analysis to evaluate the results of patients operated for esophageal cancer and statistically evaluate the results based on the type of surgical approach (transhiatal, transthoracic). Method: A total of 240 patients with esophageal cancer were operated at Department of Surgery I between the beginning of 2006 and the end of 2016. We evaluated respiratory complications, the incidence of anastomotic fistula and complications based on the Clavien-Dindo classification of complications, based on the type of surgical approach selected (transhiatal or transthoracic esophagectomy). Results: The patient set included 207 men (86.3%) and 33 women (13.7%). The mean patient age was 60.4 years. The histological type was adenocarcinoma in 145 (60.4%) and squamous cell carcinoma in 90 (37.5%) patients; another type of carcinoma was observed in 5 cases. Transhiatal esophagectomy was performed in 194 patients (80.2%) (transhiatal laparoscopic in 190 and classic Orringer in 4 patients). Transthoracic approach was used in 46 patients (19.2%), thoracoscopic in 16, and thoracotomic in 30 patients. A gastric conduit was used in 236 patients and coloplasty was performed in 4 patients. The mean duration of surgery was 217 min for the transhiatal approach, 239 min for the thoracoscopic approach and 277 min for the thoracotomic approach. Total blood loss per patient was 562 ml on average for all the operated patients. Peri- or postoperative blood transfusions were administered to 148 patients. Lymphadenectomy was performed as part of the procedure in all patients; the mean of 16.1 lymph nodes were removed. The average hospital stay was 20.7 days. In the patient set, 30-day mortality included 12 patients (respiratory complications 10, MI 1, conduit necrosis 1) and 90-day mortality included 4 (multi organ failure during ARDS). Based on statistical analysis, the incidence of respiratory complications significantly correlated with ASA classification (p=0.0001) and Clavien-Dindo classification (p.

• MeSH
• adenokarcinom * chirurgie   MeSH
• ezofagektomie * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory jícnu * chirurgie   MeSH
• nemocnice univerzitní MeSH
• pooperační komplikace MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

INTRODUCTION: There is currently a strong scientific evidence about the negative health consequences of physical inactivity. One of the potential tools for promoting physical activity at the institutional level of the Ecological model is to create conditions and settings that would enable pupils, students and employees engage in some form of physical activity. However, physical activities as a subject are being eliminated from the study programs at Slovak universities. The purpose of the study was to find current evidence about the level of structured physical activity and health-related variables in university students in Košice. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The sample consisted of 1,993 or, more precisely, 1,398 students who attended two universities in Košice. To collect data, students completed a questionnaire and were tested for body height, body weight, circumferential measures and percentage body fat. RESULTS: The university students did not sufficiently engage in a structured physical activity. A large number of students had either low or high values of percentage body fat and BMI and high WHR values. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings have shown that the research into physical activity of university students should receive more attention.

UVOD: Trenutno imamo na voljo zelo trdne znanstvene dokaze o negativnih telesnih posledicah zaradi telesne nedejavnosti. Eno izmed morebitnih orodij za promocijo telesne dejavnosti na institucionalni ravni Ekološkega modela je ustvarjanje pogojev in okolja, ki omogoča učencem, študentom in zaposlenim vključevanje v določeno telesno dejavnost. Na univerzah na Slovaškem se telesne dejavnosti kot predmet izločajo iz študijskih programov. Namen študije je raziskovanje trenutnih dokazov o ravni strukturirane telesne dejavnosti in spremenljivk, ki so povezane z zdravjem pri študentih v mestu Košice. GRADIVO IN METODE: Vzorec je vključeval 1.993, ali natančneje 1.398 študentov, ki obiskujejo obe univerzi v mestu Košice. Zbiranje podatkov je potekalo v obliki vprašalnika, ki so ga študenti izpolnili, ter testiranja za pridobivanje podatkov o telesni višini, telesni teži, obodnih vrednosti in odstotka telesne maščobe. REZULTATI: Univerzitetni študenti se ne vključujejo v strukturirane telesne dejavnosti v zadostni meri. Visoko število študentov ima prenizke ali previsoke vrednosti za odstotek telesne maščobe in indeks telesne mase ter visoke vrednosti pri razmerju med pasom in boki. ZAKLJUČEK: Ugotovitve nakazujejo, da bi morali raziskovanju telesne dejavnosti univerzitetnih študentov posvečati več pozornosti.

• Klíčová slova
• Body mass index, Physical activity, Waist-hip ratio, percentage body fat, university students,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study is to explore students' attitudes and perceived usefulness of using ChatGPT for learning a foreign language to reveal how this new trend tool affects its end-users. METHODS: The authors conducted qualitative research by using a questionnaire survey based on hands-on experience by university students. RESULTS: The findings reveal that students are fascinated, satisfied, and stimulated to use this technology despite some of their reservations and potential threats. The authors of this study also list pedagogical implications, including specific activities, while using ChatGPT. DISCUSSION: Although ChatGPT can be very beneficial for teachers and help them in their preparation, it sets a challenging task for them to change the existing teaching approaches and assessments to boost students' cognitive, creative, and critical thinking skills. In addition, both teachers and students will have to upskill their competencies to handle the current advancements in AI technology, such as ChatGPT.

• Klíčová slova
• AI technology, ChatGPT, L2 acquisition, foreign language learning, university students,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVE AND SETTING: A retrospective review of women of the West Bohemian population was performed at the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital in Pilsen, Czech Republic from 1/2005 - 1/2017. METHODS: The following data was analysed: patients age, histological type, tumour size, FIGO stage, body mass index, previous irradiation, Tamoxifen usage, and other possible risk factors. A total number of 20 uterine sarcoma patients were detected in the period from 1/2005 to 1/2015, and these cases were followed until 1/2017. RESULTS: The histological types identified were: leiomyosarcoma in 12 cases, endometrial stromal sarcoma in 7 cases and one case of high-grade undifferentiated uterine sarcoma. This only patient diagnosed with high-grade undifferentiated uterine sarcoma showed distant metastases 12 months after the surgical treat-ment and died one month later. The whole group of uterine sarcoma patients regardless histological subtype reached two years in 50% of cases, with the median disease-free interval 18 months and the median follow up of 38 months. The diagnosis of sarcoma was already known in 25% of cases from dilatation and curettage histology. There were suspicious sonographic findings suggestive of sarcoma in 10% of cases. Multiparity was associated with 48.2% of endometrial stromal sarcoma cases. The leading clinical symptom was postmenopausal bleeding in 55% of patients. CONCLUSION: We confirmed uterine sarcomas to be rare malignancies, even in the Czech population with high uterine malignancy incidence. Uterine cold knife morcellation during the vaginal part of laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy didnt worsen the prognosis of our patients.

• Klíčová slova
• cold knife morcellation Czech Republic., incidence, risk factors, uterine sarcoma,
• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• gynekologie * MeSH
• hysterektomie MeSH
• incidence MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory dělohy epidemiologie   patologie   MeSH
• nádory endometria * MeSH
• nemocnice univerzitní MeSH
• porodnictví * MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• sarkom epidemiologie   patologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika epidemiologie   MeSH