RNA interference (RNAi) denotes sequence-specific mRNA degradation induced by long double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). RNAi is an ancient eukaryotic defense mechanism against viruses and mobile elements. In mammals, endogenous RNAi was outstripped during evolution by the current innate and acquired immunity. The RNAi apparatus, which remains essentially intact, serves mostly the microRNA pathway, which regulates endogenous gene expression. Remarkably, several recent publications brought the mammalian endogenous RNAi pathway back into the spotlight. Here, I will provide an up-to-date review of the mammalian endogenous RNAi pathway with a focus on its defensive role and overlaps with miRNA and piRNA pathways.

Institute of Molecular Genetics of the AS CR v v i Videnska 1083 142 20 Prague 4 Czech Republic

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CRISPR-Induced Expression of N-Terminally Truncated Dicer in Mouse Cells

Key Mechanistic Principles and Considerations Concerning RNA Interference

Epigenetic Regulation in Etiology of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Restricted and non-essential redundancy of RNAi and piRNA pathways in mouse oocytes

Main constraints for RNAi induced by expressed long dsRNA in mouse cells

Production of small RNAs by mammalian Dicer