The intake of microbial-contaminated food poses severe health issues due to the outbreaks of stern food-borne diseases. Therefore, there is a need for precise detection and identification of pathogenic microbes and toxins in food to prevent these concerns. Thus, understanding the concept of biosensing has enabled researchers to develop nanobiosensors with different nanomaterials and composites to improve the sensitivity as well as the specificity of pathogen detection. The application of nanomaterials has enabled researchers to use advanced technologies in biosensors for the transfer of signals to enhance their efficiency and sensitivity. Nanomaterials like carbon nanotubes, magnetic and gold, dendrimers, graphene nanomaterials and quantum dots are predominantly used for developing biosensors with improved specificity and sensitivity of detection due to their exclusive chemical, magnetic, mechanical, optical and physical properties. All nanoparticles and new composites used in biosensors need to be classified and categorized for their enhanced performance, quick detection, and unobtrusive and effective use in foodborne analysis. Hence, this review intends to summarize the different sensing methods used in foodborne pathogen detection, their design, working principle and advances in sensing systems.

Center for Basic and Applied Research Faculty of Informatics and Management University of Hradec Kralove Hradec Kralove 50003 Czech Republic

Centre of Nanotechnology Amity University Manesar Gurugram Haryana 122413 India

Department of Biological Engineering College of Engineering Konkuk University Seoul 143 701 Korea

Department of Biotechnology Himachal Pradesh University Summer Hill Shimla 171005 H P India

School of Bioengineering and Food Technology Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences Solan 173229 H P India

School of Biological and Environmental Sciences Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences Solan 173229 H P India

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