BACKGROUND: Chemoradiotherapy-induced gastrointestinal toxicity may lead to a significant impairment of the oncological patient's quality of life, as well as to reduced adherence to the treatment, which may have a negative impact on survival and mortality rates. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this review was to investigate whether oral probiotic administration prevents chemotherapy (± radiotherapy)-induced gastrointestinal toxicity, particularly diarrhea. METHODS: We searched the MEDLINE, Web of Science, and SCOPUS databases for randomized controlled trials in English published between 1990 and 2020. We conducted statistical data analyses expressing the treatment effect size as a risk ratio (RR) together with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Implications are based on trials rated as having a low risk of bias (RoB). RESULTS: We included 8 trials (n = 697 participants), from which 3 studies rated as low RoB contained primary endpoint data; the risk of developing grade 3/4 diarrhea in patients receiving probiotics was reduced by 78% compared to the control group (RR = 0.22 [95% CI 0.05-1.08]; P = .06; n = 114 participants). Probiotics showed preventive effects in patients treated with chemotherapy alone (RR = 0.34 [0.12-0.94]; P = .04, n = 121 participants) and in patients with colorectal cancer (RR = 0.56 [0.34-0.92]; P = .02; n = 208 participants). The reduction in the incidence of overall diarrhea was not significant. CONCLUSIONS: Probiotics failed to prove a preventive effect of statistical significance against the development of severe and overall diarrhea in cancer patients treated with chemotherapy (± radiotherapy). However, we cannot rule out that the effects of probiotics are clinically relevant, especially in certain subgroups of patients. This needs to be clarified in further well-performed studies.
- MeSH
- kvalita života MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory * farmakoterapie radioterapie komplikace MeSH
- probiotika * terapeutické užití MeSH
- průjem etiologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie jako téma MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- metaanalýza MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- systematický přehled MeSH
Východiská: Metastázovanie do kostrových svalov je veľmi vzácne. Najčastejšie referovanými primárnymi nádormi bývajú pľúcny karcinóm, nádor obličky a malígny melanóm. Je viac ako problematické stanoviť diagnózu svalovej metastázy z iného primárneho nádoru. Prípad: V našej kazuistike popisujeme prípad 44- ročného muža s metastatickým kolorektálnym karcinómom, ktorý podstúpil ľavostrannú hemikolektómiu pre nádor lienálnej flexúry s následnou metastazektómiou pečeňových ložísk a kryodeštrukciou neresekovateľnej metastázy v VII. segmente. V ďalšom období bol pacient liečený dvoma líniami chemoterapie. Krátko po zahájení druhej línie chemoterapie však začal trpieť neznesiteľnou bolesťou v lumbosakrálnej oblasti. Ani MR vyšetrenie, ani abdominálne CT vyšetrenie ako aj scintigrafia skeletu neobjasnili pôvod bolestí. Až zrealizované PET/ CT vyšetrenie preukázalo masívne hypermetabolické metastatické ložiská vo svaloch, čo potvrdili aj pitevné nálezy. Záver: Prípad dokumentuje, že spomedzi rôznych zobrazovacích techník FDG PET/ CT ponúka zachytenie vysoko metabolicky aktívnych nádorových lézií, ktoré sa konvenčnými vyšetreniami detekovať nedali.
Backgrounds: Cancer metastasis to skeletal muscle is very rare. Lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma have been reported as the most frequent primary tumours. Diagnosis of muscle metastasis from other primary cancer sites is more than problematic. Case: In this paper we report a case of metastasis of colorectal cancer in a 44-year-old man who underwent left-sided hemicolectomy due to the tumour mass in his left colic flexure followed by liver metastasectomy and cryocautery of the non-resectable metastasis in the VII segment. Subsequently, the patient was treated with two lines of chemotherapy. However, shortly after initiation of the second chemotherapy line he started to suffer from unbearable pain in the lumbosacral region. Neither a whole spinal cord MRI nor abdominal CT scan and scintigraphy explained the origin of the pain. Finally, PET/ CT examination clarified the origin of the pain and showed massive hypermetabolic metastatic lesions in the muscles, further confirmed by autopsy. Conclusion: Thus, among the different imaging techniques, FDG PET/ CT enables the detection of metabolically highly active tumour cells, undetectable by other conventional imaging means.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- fluorodeoxyglukosa F18 diagnostické užití MeSH
- kolorektální nádory patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory svalů diagnóza sekundární MeSH
- počítačová rentgenová tomografie MeSH
- pozitronová emisní tomografie MeSH
- radiofarmaka diagnostické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
