BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Obesity is a major lifestyle risk factor that contributes greatly to the burden of disease, including cancer. Overweight and obesity have shown association with several types of cancer. As Czechia is one of the most overweight countries in Europe, and has high cancer mortality, this study aims to investigate the country's long-term burden of obesity-related cancer. METHODS: Using the Czech National Cancer Register and the NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC), standardized incidence and mortality rates were calculated for 12 types of cancer related to obesity for the years 1985-2018. Population attributable fractions (PAF) were calculated. Finally, the standardized attributable rates were calculated from the standardized incidence and mortality rates and the PAFs. RESULTS: Approximately 11.0% of selected cancer cases in the male population and 12.3% in the female population were attributable to overweight and obesity in 2018. Since the beginning of the millennium, obesity attributable cancer mortality has dropped, while incidence has remained constant. The incidence throughout the whole period was almost twice as high (18.7 cases per 100,000 population in 2018) in women than in men (10.9 cases per 100,000 population in 2018). CONCLUSION: Obesity-related cancer mortality in Czechia has declined in the last two decades, but the incidence has remained constant. Given the increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity in western countries, this issue needs to be prioritized in future healthcare and policy making.
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory * epidemiologie MeSH
- nadváha epidemiologie MeSH
- neinfekční nemoci * MeSH
- obezita epidemiologie MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Cíl: Hlavním cílem studie bylo nalézt konkrétní bariéry účasti na screeningu, které české ženy zmiňují. Dále zjistit, jestli se ženy, které se screeningu neúčastní, liší dle sociodemografických charakteristik od žen, které se účastní, a jestli se ženy, které se neúčastní, liší dle deklarace jednotlivých bariér. Soubor a metodika: Data byla získána z reprezentativního šetření. Ženy, které se v posledních 2 letech neúčastnily screeningu nebo se neúčastní pravidelně, byly tázány na důvody neúčasti. Data byla vyhodnocena pomocí metod popisné statistiky. Rozdíly mezi skupinami žen byly porovnávány pomocí Pearsonova chí-kvadrát testu nezávislosti. Výsledky: Z celkového souboru 902 dotazovaných žen lze za neúčastnice na screeningu považovat 36,7 % z nich. Ženy, které se screeningu účastní, se statisticky významně liší ve všech sledovaných charakteristikách (věk, vzdělání, rodinný stav, typ domácnosti) od žen, které se screeningu neúčastní. Nejčastěji deklarovanými důvody neúčasti byly „nepociťuji příznaky“, „strach z diagnózy“ a „strach z vyšetření“. U většiny z těchto důvodů nebyly pozorovány statisticky významné rozdíly v charakteristikách žen, které dané důvody deklarovaly a které je nedeklarovaly. Závěry: Byly potvrzeny rozdíly v sociodemografických charakteristikách žen, které se screeningu účastní a které se neúčastní. Jakmile se žena screeningu neúčastní, nezáleží již na jejích sociodemografických charakteristikách v deklarovaném důvodu její neúčasti. Proto je nezbytné komunikovat prevenci v oblasti nádorových onemocnění napříč celým spektrem žen.
Objective: The main aim of this study was to find specific barriers to cervical cancer screening attendance that Czech women declare. Furthermore, the objective was to find out whether there are differences between women who do and do not attend screening according to sociodemographic characteristics. Finally, we investigated whether women who do not attend the screening differ by sociodemographic characteristics in declaring particular barriers to attendance. Materials and methods: Data were collected using a representative questionnaire survey. The women were asked about their previous participation in the cervical cancer screening program. Those who did not attend screening in the past 2 years or those who do not (intend to) attend screening regularly were considered non-attendees. The non-attendees were then asked about their reasons for non-attendance in the screening. First, descriptive statistical methods were used to analyze the data. Second, the differences between the different groups of women were analyzed by Pearson‘s chi-squared independence test. Results: In the studied sample population (N = 902), 36.7% were considered non-attendees. Statistically significant differences in sociodemographic characteristics (age, education, marital status, household type) were observed between attendees and non-attendees. The three most common reasons for non-attendance were: “I do not experience any symptoms”, “fear of cancer diagnosis”, and “fear of the examination procedure”. Almost no differences in sociodemographic characteristics in the declaration of particular barriers to attendance were found. Conclusion: We observed differences between women who attended and those who did not attend the screening. However, sociodemographic characteristics do not play an important role once a woman decides not to attend the screening. Therefore, it is essential to communicate cancer prevention throughout the spectrum of Czech women.
OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to investigate the variation in breast and cervical cancer screening attendance among Czech women by age and in regions in 2009-2017. METHODS: The data from the health insurance company that covers around 50% of the Czech population were used to calculate age-specific attendance rates and standardized attendance rates by year and region. RESULTS: In 2017, the attendance of all eligible women was 52% in breast cancer screening and 46% in cervical cancer screening. There were differences in attendance among groups of women. Women aged 45-49 had attendance rates in both screenings around 60%, while 39% of women aged 75-79 attended breast cancer screening, and 23% attended cervical cancer screening. In regions, attendance ranged from 38% to 70% in breast cancer screening and from 32% to 55% in cervical cancer screening. CONCLUSIONS: We identified the age-specific differences and regional variation in both breast and cervical cancer screening attendance among Czech women. Those with lower attendance may have a higher risk of dying from breast and cervical cancers. Mitigating this risk should be a priority of public health policies.
- MeSH
- časná detekce nádoru MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory děložního čípku * MeSH
- nádory prsu * diagnóza MeSH
- plošný screening MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
