In 2018, more than 50 cases of horse death by equine atypical myopathy (AM) were reported in the Czech Republic. This disease is often associated with the toxin hypoglycine A (HGA), which is found in several maple plant materials. To monitor this toxin in products of these trees that grow in or around horse pastures, a rapid and inexpensive analytical method that can provide the required accuracy is needed. Until now, maple samples have been prepared for gas chromatography using time-consuming methods, with preparation processes taking longer than 1 h. In this work, a shorter method (25 min) with an accuracy of 90-94 %, reproducibility of 2-5%, precision of 3-9%, and linearity, with an R2 of 0.999, is presented. This sample preparation consists of a procedure without an SPE extraction step and consumes a lower volume of solvent during the extraction. The limit of quantitation for HGA in plant material was improved from 0.5 μg/g of plant material in previous studies to 0.2 μg/g. The method was validated according to the guideline CD 2002/657/EC and ISO 17025, and was found to have good performance characteristics. This simple and rapid method was tested for the monitoring of hypoglycine A level in maple sycamore plant material (seeds, seedlings, and leaves) during the entire growth of the trees.
Instrumental human scent analysis is undoubtedly desirable for many forensic as well medical applications. Most of the previous human scent studies were focused on volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which were analysed by head space solid phase micro-extraction gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC/MS). This method is, however, significantly less sensitive to "heavier" less volatile compounds emitted from the human skin. These less volatile organic scent molecules probably create the basis of the individual human scent signature, and therefore, our attention is focused mainly on these "heavier" compounds. The human scent was adsorbed onto purified glass beads and samples were prepared as hexane solutions obtained by extraction from the sampled glass beads. To resolve a lot of very similar molecules, the comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometer (GCxGC-TOFMS) was used to analyse the hexane scent solutions. Using this technique, more than 137 less volatile molecules including organic fatty acids, ketones, aldehydes, simple esters, alcohols, and especially various fatty acid esters with different carbon chains were identified. A considerable number of these molecules were identified in the scent samples for the first time.
- MeSH
- adsorpce MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikroextrakce na pevné fázi metody MeSH
- pleťový krém chemie MeSH
- plynová chromatografie s hmotnostně spektrometrickou detekcí přístrojové vybavení metody MeSH
- těkavé organické sloučeniny chemie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- hodnotící studie MeSH
Předkládaný text představuje dialogické paradigma (dialogismus) jako rámec pro výzkum psychoterapeutického procesu. Popisuje základní východiska dialogismu a související pojmový aparát. Identifikovány byly dva základní proudy, kterými se výzkum psychoterapeutického procesu v rámci dialogismu doposud ubíral. První se zaměřuje převážně na výzkum sezení ve dvojici, je spojen s teorií dialogického self a využitím dialogické sekvenční analýzy (DSA ) v rámci asimilačního modelu. Podrobněji jsou představeny metoda analýzy dialogických vztahových vzorců a DSA . Druhý se zaměřuje na analýzu setkání s více aktéry a vychází z normativního předpokladu o užitečnosti polyfonie (mnohohlasosti) v psychoterapii. Detailněji je představena metoda dialogických zkoumání. Na závěr jsou dialogismus a z něj vycházející metody diskutovány s ohledem na potenciální přínosy terapeutickému výzkumu a možné limity.
The present text introduces the dialogical paradigm (dialogism) as a framework for research on psychotherapeutic process. First, basic assumptions of dialogism and related terminology are described. Then, two identified research directions are introduced. The first one focuses on research of therapeutic dyads and is connected to the Dialogical Self Theory and Dialogical Sequence Analysis (DSA ) in the context of Assimilation Model. Analysis of dialogical relationship patterns and DSA are described in detail. The other direction is focused on sessions with multiple actors and is grounded in a normative assumption of usefulness of polyphony in psychotherapy. Dialogical Investigations method is described in detail. Dialogism and related methods are discussed regarding limits and potential usefulness for psychotherapy process research.
- Klíčová slova
- dialogismus,
- MeSH
- interpersonální vztahy MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- psychoterapeutické procesy * MeSH
- psychoterapie MeSH
- skupinová psychoterapie normy MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- MeSH
- kongresy jako téma MeSH
- ortodoncie * MeSH
- Publikační typ
- zprávy MeSH
