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K problematike vzťahu faktorov emocionalita a neuroticizmus meraných testami Hexaco a NEO-FFI
[Rudolf Fábry, Marta Vavrová]

Fábry, Rudolf
Autor Autorita Katedra psychológie, Filozofická fakulta, Univerzita sv. Cyrila a Metoda v Trnave
Vavrová, Marta, 1984-
Autor Autorita ORCID Katedra psychológie, Filozofická fakulta, Univerzita sv. Cyrila a Metoda v Trnave

Psychologie a její kontexty. 2022 ; 13 (2) : 37-44.

ISSN 1803-9278
Medvik
Zdroj

Štúdia realizovaná na vzorke 287 probandov s vekovým priemerom 29,2 rokov sa primárne venuje problému vzťahov príbuzných faktorov Emocionality (Hexaco) a Neuroticizmu (NEO), vzhľadom na ich častý alternatívny výklad ale rozdielne teoretické vymedzenie. V tomto kontexte je aj využívaný (porovnávaný) faktor úzkostlivosť (STAI 2) ako ďalší príbuzný osobnostný faktor. Výsledky potvrdili vysoký pozitívny vzťah medzi uvádzanými faktormi, osobitne medzi Neuroticizmom (NEO) a Úzkostlivosťou (STAI 2). V práci sú aj ilustratívne uvádzané korelácie medzi ďalšími faktormi aplikovaných dotazníkov Hexaco ‐P‐R, NEO ‐FFI a STAI 2. Zistené korelácie medzi sledovanými dimenziami jednotlivých dotazníkov sú v princípe zhodné s doterajšími výsledkami iných výskumov a sú dobre logicky zdôvodniteľné.

The concept of Hexaco in personality research has been widely and intensively discussed in recent years. This interest is conditioned not only by the relative novelty of this approach, but also by the strong “kinship” relationship of the Hexaco concept with the currently dominant opinion in the field of personality, the Big Five concept. The relationship between Hexaco and the Big Five (NEO or OCEAN) is widely researched. Differences in the definition of individual factors in both concepts are a possible source of confusion, especially in the factors Neuroticism (NEO, abbr. N, NEO) and Emotionality (Hexaco, abbr. E, HEX). These factors are often understood alternatively (Mateu‐Mollá, 2020), which does not correspond to reality and their difference is emphasized (e.g. Záškodná & Dostál, 2016). The factors differ in the dimension of Anger/Hostility and Impulsivity, which is included in the Neuroticism factor (NEO) but not in the Emotionality factor (HEX). The definition of Neuroticism (NEO) appears to be more similar to Spielberger’s Anxiety (U, STAI), which is defined as the experience of tension, nervousness, fear, and apprehension as measured by the STAI questionnaire (Müllner et al., 1980). This slight confusion can cause difficulties in the interpretation of the obtained results of research in the field of personality psychology. On this basis, it is legitimate to expect a closer relationship (stronger correlations) between N (NEO) and U (STAI) than between E (HEX) and U (STAI). It is also questionable how the presence of Anger/Hostili- ty and Impulsivity in the structure of N (NEO) will affect the strength of the correlation coefficients with the other two observed factors (E, HEX, and U, STAI). Methods The research group consisted of 287 participants (of which 110 were men) with an average age of 29.2 years (18 – 79 years), obtained randomly. The 100‐item version of the Hexaco‐PI ‐R questionnaire (Lee & Asthon, 2001), the 60‐item version of the NEO ‐FFI questionnaire (Ruisel & Halama, 2007), and Spielberger Scale STAI X2 (Müll‐ ner et al., 1980) were used. Parametric tests were used to analyze the data, as the normal distribution of the investigated variables was demonstrated. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to determine the relationship between cardinal variables, individual dimensions of the Hexaco, STAI and NEO‐FFI questionnaires. Results Significant correlations between selected investigated factors: E (Hex) and N (Neo), r = 0.435**, E (Hex) and U (STAI), r = 0.408**, N (Neo) and U (STAI), r = 0.652**. ** Correlations are significant at the 0.01 level (2‐tailed). Discussion, conclusions The assumption of a stronger correlation between Neuroticism (NEO‐FFI) and Anxiety (STAI 2), r = 0.652, than between Neuroticism (NEO‐FFI) and Emotionality (Hexaco) r = 0.435 was confirmed, which proves the close relationship of the constructs of all three factors, especially between N (NEO) and U (STAI). At the same time, this observation questions the importance of a different theoretical definition of the Neuroticism factor (NEO) due to the presence of the parameters Anger/Hostility and Impulsivity in its structure. An explanation could be the reduction of the original 240 ‐item version of the NEO PI ‐R to the 60‐question NEO‐FFI that was used in the study. This test reduction apparently had a significant impact on the ability of the instrument (NEO ‐FFI) to identify anger and impulsivity in the structure of the neuroticism factor (NEO). This finding raises the question of the effectiveness and scientific correctness of the construction of reduced measuring instruments. The presented conclusion is hypothetical in nature and requires specific validation studies using the original 240‐item version of the NEO PI ‐R.