PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The purpose of the study is to verify the sensitivity of pre-hospital triage algorithm used in the Czech Republic, which decides on directing the patients at risk of a failure of vital functions into a trauma centre. Another aim is to find out whether the triage algorithm extension by items F4-persistent traumatic paralysis and M7-buried under heavy objects, implemented in 2015, resulted in an increased sensitivity of triage. MATERIAL AND METHODS It is a retrospective, observational, monocentric study. Included in the study were all the trauma patients with the National Advisory Committee on Aeronautics (NACA) score 3-6 treated in the given period, directed by the emergency medical service to the trauma centre. Two groups of patients were compared. In the first group, triage was performed in line with the Bulletin of the Ministry of Health of 2008, while in the second group it was performed in line with the updated version published in the Bulletin of the Ministry of Health in 2015. Both the groups were later compared with the Injury Severity Score (ISS) obtained after the diagnosis of injury in the Trauma Centre of the University Hospital Ostrava. In the second group, also certain selected parameters were assessed. Group A: Patients treated by the Emergency Medical Service of the Moravia-Silesia Region in the period from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2014 who met the NACA 3-6 criterion and were identified by paramedics as triage positive in line with the pre-hospital triage 2008. Group B: Patients treated by the Emergency Medical Service of the Moravia-Silesia Region in the period from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2017 who met the NACA 3-6 criterion and were identified by paramedics as triage positive in line with the pre-hospital triage 2015. In Group B, also monitored was the number of patients identified as triage positive only based on F4 and M7. RESULTS The first group included 3,475 patients, of whom 435 were triage positive. In the respective period, the Trauma Centre of the University Hospital Ostrava identified 262 patients with ISS greater than 15 points. The pre-hospital triage and ISS greater than 15 points corresponded in 210 patients. 19.9% were false negative (52/262). The mean ISS was 33.1±9.4, median 34, IQR 25.5--1. In Group A, the sensitivity of triage criteria reached 80.2% (95% IS: 74.7-84.7%), the specificity was 93.0% (95% IS: 92.0-93.8%). The second group included 3,816 patients, of whom 586 were triage positive. In the monitored period, the Trauma Centre of the University Hospital Ostrava identified 363 patients with ISS greater than 15 points. The pre-hospital triage and ISS greater than 15 points corresponded in 313 patients. 13.8% were false negative (50/363). The mean ISS was 43.7±12.0, median 42, IQR 33-54. In Group B, the sensitivity of triage criteria reached 86.2% (95% IS: 82.1-89.5%), the specificity was 98.5% (95% IS: 97.9-98.8%). In Group B, 11 patients were identified as triage positive based on F4 and M7 items. No statistically significant difference was found (chi-squared test, p = 0.257) after adding the F4 and M7 items to the algorithm. CONCLUSIONS The triage system for pre-hospital care in the Czech Republic in line with the applicable pre-hospital triage has high sensitivity as well as specificity and the results correspond to the latest triage algorithms used abroad. Increased sensitivity as a result of adding the new triage items was not confirmed. Key words: pre-hospital triage.
- MeSH
- algoritmy MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- rány a poranění diagnóza terapie MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- senzitivita a specificita MeSH
- skóre závažnosti úrazu * MeSH
- traumatologická centra organizace a řízení normy MeSH
- třídění pacientů metody normy MeSH
- urgentní zdravotnické služby metody normy MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- pozorovací studie MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- validační studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Cíl: Třídění pacientů záchranáři v přednemocniční péči by mohlo určit, kteří pacienti budou přímo transportováni do komplexního cerebrovaskulárního centra k provedení mechanické trombektomie. Aby třídění bylo úspěšné, zdravotničtí záchranáři musí být schopni identifikovat závažné neurologické postižení. Cílem naší studie bylo stanovit míru shody inter-rater reability mezi záchranáři a neurology - specialisty na CMP, při identifikaci těžké hemiparézy u pacientů s akutní CMP. Metodika: V prospektivní multicentrické studii bylo využito elektronické formy výuky u 225 záchranářů Zdravotnické záchranné služby tak, aby byli schopni rozlišit lehkou a těžkou hemiparézu. Ke stanovení míry shody mezi záchranáři a neurology - specialisty na CMP v hodnocení stupně závažnosti hemiparézy (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale [NIHSS], body 5 a 6, skóre 0-2 [žádná nebo lehká] vs. 3-4 [těžká]) byl využit nevázaný index kappa;. Výsledky: Během 10 měsíců v roce 2016 bylo v přednemocniční neodkladné péči zdravotnickými záchranáři vyšetřeno na přítomnost hemiparézy 402 pacientů (průměrný věk 75 let), kteří byli současně ihned po přijetí do iktového centra vyšetřeni také neurology - specialisty na CMP. Celková shoda mezi záchranáři a neurology při hodnocení těžké hemiparézy nebo monoparézy byla mírná: kappa 0,43 (95% CI 0,36-0,50). Závěr: V hodnocení záchranářů v přednemocniční neodkladné péči byla zjištěna mírná reprodukovatelnost identifikace těžké hemiparézy u pacientů s akutní CMP. Před zavedením změn ve směrování na základě posouzení závažnosti neurologického deficitu je zapotřebí lepšího systému vzdělávání pro záchranáře.
Aim: Pre-hospital triage by paramedics could determine which patients qualify for direct transport to comprehensive stroke centres for mechanical thrombectomy. For triage to be successful, paramedics have to be able to identify major neurological impairments. The aim of our study was to determine inter-rater reliability between paramedics and stroke neurologists in identifying severe hemiparesis in acute stroke patients. Methods: In this prospective, multicentre study, 225 paramedics from Emergency Medical Services were taught via e-learning to distinguish between mild and severe hemiparesis. Inter-rater agreement between paramedics and stroke specialists in evaluating the degree of hemiparesis (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale [NIHSS], items 5 and 6, scoring 0-2 [none or mild] vs. 3-4 [severe]) was assessed using the unweighted kappa; index. Results: Over the course of 10 months in 2016, 402 consecutive patients (average age 75 years) were evaluated for the presence of hemiparesis by paramedics during pre-hospital care and by stroke neurologists immediately after stroke centre admission. The total agreement between the paramedics and neurologists in their evaluations of severe hemiparesis or monoparesis was moderate: kappa; 0.43 (95% CI 0.36-0.50). Conclusion: We found moderate reproducibility of the identification of severe hemiparesis in acute stroke patients when assessed by paramedics in a pre-hospital setting. Better education for paramedics is needed before implementing a change in transport triage based on their assessment of severity of neurological deficit.
- MeSH
- doprava přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- hromadné neštěstí mortalita psychologie MeSH
- letecká záchranná služba využití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- první pomoc metody využití MeSH
- sanitky využití MeSH
- transport pacientů organizace a řízení využití MeSH
- urgentní zdravotnické služby organizace a řízení pracovní síly využití MeSH
- záchranná práce organizace a řízení využití MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- MeSH
- dopravní nehody MeSH
- kooperační chování MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- transport pacientů MeSH
- třídění pacientů MeSH
- urgentní zdravotnické služby MeSH
- železnice MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kongresy MeSH
- MeSH
- dopravní nehody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- péče o pacienta MeSH
- transport pacientů MeSH
- urgentní zdravotnické služby MeSH
- záchranná práce MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kongresy MeSH
