- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metastázy nádorů * radioterapie MeSH
- nádory prostaty * radioterapie MeSH
- radium terapeutické užití MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi establish symbiotic associations with many plant species, transferring significant amounts of soil nutrients such as phosphorus to plants and receiving photosynthetically fixed carbon in return. Functioning of AM symbiosis is thus based on interaction between two living partners. The importance of dead AM fungal biomass (necromass) in ecosystem processes remains unclear. Here, we applied either living biomass or necromass (0.0004 potting substrate weight percent) of monoxenically produced AM fungus (Rhizophagus irregularis) into previously sterilized potting substrate planted with Andropogon gerardii. Plant biomass production significantly improved in both treatments as compared to non-amended controls. Living AM fungus, in contrast to the necromass, specifically improved plant acquisition of nutrients normally supplied to the plants by AM fungal networks, such as phosphorus and zinc. There was, however, no difference between the two amendment treatments with respect to plant uptake of other nutrients such as nitrogen and/or magnesium, indicating that the effect on plants of the AM fungal necromass was not primarily nutritional. Plant growth stimulation by the necromass could thus be either due to AM fungal metabolites directly affecting the plants, indirectly due to changes in soil/root microbiomes or due to physicochemical modifications of the potting substrate. In the necromass, we identified several potentially bioactive molecules. We also provide experimental evidence for significant differences in underground microbiomes depending on the amendment with living or dead AM fungal biomass. This research thus provides the first glimpse into possible mechanisms responsible for observed plant growth stimulation by the AM fungal necromass.
- MeSH
- Andropogon * MeSH
- biomasa MeSH
- Glomeromycota * MeSH
- kořeny rostlin MeSH
- mykorhiza * MeSH
- symbióza MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are ubiquitous soil fungi, forming mutualistic symbiosis with a majority of terrestrial plant species. They are abundant in nearly all soils, less diverse than soil prokaryotes and other intensively studied soil organisms and thus are promising candidates for universal indicators of land management legacies and soil quality degradation. However, insufficient data on how the composition of indigenous AMF varies along soil and landscape gradients have hampered the definition of baselines and effect thresholds to date. Here, indigenous AMF communities in 154 agricultural soils collected across Switzerland were profiled by quantitative real-time PCR with taxon-specific markers for six widespread AMF species. To identify the key determinants of AMF community composition, the profiles were related to soil properties, land management and site geography. Our results indicate a number of well-supported dependencies between abundances of certain AMF taxa and soil properties such as pH, soil fertility and texture, and a surprising lack of effect of available soil phosphorus on the AMF community profiles. Site geography, especially the altitude and large geographical distance, strongly affected AMF communities. Unexpected was the apparent lack of a strong land management effect on the AMF communities as compared to the other predictors, which could be due to the rarity of highly intensive and unsustainable land management in Swiss agriculture. In spite of the extensive coverage of large geographical and soil gradients, we did not identify any taxon suitable as an indicator of land use among the six taxa we studied.
- MeSH
- česneky mikrobiologie MeSH
- DNA fungální genetika MeSH
- kořeny rostlin mikrobiologie MeSH
- kvantitativní polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
- mikrobiální společenstva MeSH
- mykorhiza klasifikace genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- nadmořská výška MeSH
- půda chemie MeSH
- půdní mikrobiologie * MeSH
- zemědělství metody MeSH
- zeměpis MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Švýcarsko MeSH
- MeSH
- dávka záření MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- osteofyt radioterapie MeSH
- ostruha kosti patní radioterapie MeSH
- radioterapie metody MeSH
- zánět radioterapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- novinové články MeSH
Hormonální manipulace v léčbě karcinomu prostaty je v současné době metoda volby nejen pro pokročilé a metastatického onemocnění, ale i v případě lokalizovaného či lokálně pokročilého onemocnění. Je však nezbytné ji vnímat v kontextu multimodálního léčebného přístupu a preferovat takový postup, který prokazatelně prodlužuje život pacienta a udržuje kvalitu jeho života.
Hormonal manipulation in management of prostate cancer is nowadays considered the treatment of choice not only for advanced and metastatic disease, but there are many other settings in which hormonal therapy is used. However, it is necessary to understand context of multimodal treatment approach and it is essential to prefer such approach which is beneficial for prolongation of survival and preserve quality of life.
