OBJECTIVES: The main objective of this study was to determine whether infrared thermography could be used as an efficient technique to evaluate the impact of a birth-related brachial plexus injury on the temperature of the injured arm and whether it could be used as a complementary method when diagnosing this injury in clinical praxis. BACKGROUND: Clinically, the brachial plexus injury is a peripheral paresis, which occurs when nerves that send signals from the spinal cord to the shoulder, arm, and hand are stretched or compressed. In principle, the brachial plexus injury, as a long-lasting injury, should be causing hypothermia of the injured arm. METHODS: The usage of contactless infrared thermography could offer a “new view” of the diagnostic process in this case. The present study, therefore, describes a process of clinical infrared thermography examination of three patients of different age and presents results from those examinations. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: From our results, it can be confirmed that the birth-related brachial plexus injury affects the temperature of the affected arm, especially in the area of the cubital fossa, to an extent that the thermal camera is capable of detecting significant temperature differences between the healthy and injured arms (Tab. 3, Fig. 7, Ref. 13).
Neuraminidase is the main target for current influenza drugs. Reduced susceptibility to oseltamivir, the most widely prescribed neuraminidase inhibitor, has been repeatedly reported. The resistance substitutions I223V and S247N, alone or in combination with the major oseltamivir-resistance mutation H275Y, have been observed in 2009 pandemic H1N1 viruses. We overexpressed and purified the ectodomain of wild-type neuraminidase from the A/California/07/2009 (H1N1) influenza virus, as well as variants containing H275Y, I223V, and S247N single mutations and H275Y/I223V and H275Y/S247N double mutations. We performed enzymological and thermodynamic analyses and structurally examined the resistance mechanism. Our results reveal that the I223V or S247N substitution alone confers only a moderate reduction in oseltamivir affinity. In contrast, the major oseltamivir resistance mutation H275Y causes a significant decrease in the enzyme’s ability to bind this drug. Combination of H275Y with an I223V or S247N mutation results in extreme impairment of oseltamivir’s inhibition potency. Our structural analyses revealed that the H275Y substitution has a major effect on the oseltamivir binding pose within the active site while the influence of other studied mutations is much less prominent. Our crystal structures also helped explain the augmenting effect on resistance of combining H275Y with both substitutions.
- MeSH
- antivirové látky farmakologie MeSH
- chřipka lidská virologie MeSH
- inhibitory enzymů farmakologie MeSH
- kalorimetrie MeSH
- kinetika MeSH
- krystalizace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- missense mutace MeSH
- neuraminidasa chemie genetika MeSH
- oseltamivir farmakologie MeSH
- replikace viru MeSH
- substituce aminokyselin MeSH
- termodynamika MeSH
- virová léková rezistence genetika MeSH
- virové proteiny chemie genetika MeSH
- virus chřipky A, podtyp H1N1 účinky léků enzymologie genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Zlomeniny krčku kosti stehenní jsou častou komplikací při pádu pacienta v pokročilém věku. Tento článek se zabývá předoperační a pooperační péčí o pacienta s tímto úrazem. Cílem ošetřovatelského procesu je časná mobilizace pacienta a jeho návrat do běžného života.
Hip bone fractures are a common complication of a fall in the old age. The article addresses preoperative and postoperative care of a patient with this condition. The goal of the nursing care is an early ambulation and return back to the normal life.
- Klíčová slova
- osteosyntéza,
- MeSH
- fraktury krčku femuru klasifikace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ošetřovatelská péče MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
