Rada neurodegeneratívnych ochorení je definovaná agregáciou a akumuláciou špecifického patologického proteínu v CNS, čo vedie k nezvratným a fatálnym zmenám tkaniva. Avšak kvôli vysokej klinickej a epidemiologickej heterogenite je definitívna ante-mortem diagnostika týchto ochorení obtiažna. Definitívne potvrdenie diagnózy poskytuje až neuropatologické vyšetrenie mozgového tkaniva. Nádej pre skorú a presnú laboratórnu diagnostiku týchto ochorení za života pacienta predstavujú metódy založené na detekcii konformáciu konvertujúcej aktivity patologických proteínov. Príkladom je nová, vysoko špecifická a senzitívna diagnostická metóda Real-Time Quaking-Induced Conversion (RT-QuIC). Pôvodne bola vyvinutá na diagnostiku priónových ochorení vykazujúc 92–97 % senzitivitu a 100 % špecificitu. V našom laboratóriu sme pomocou RT-QuIC detegovali prióny v 39 vzorkách mozgu, 24 korešpondujúcich vzorkách moku a v 38 vzorkách kože pacientov s Creutzfeldt-Jakobovou chorobou. Najnovšie bolo opísané využitie RT-QuIC metódy na detegovanie patologických proteínov a-synukleínu, ktorý sa hromadí pri Parkinsonovej chorobe alebo pri demencii s Lewyho telieskami a tau proteínu, charakteristického pre Alzheimerovu chorobu a kortikobazálnu degeneráciu. Predložený text sa zameriava na oboznámenie problematiky diagnostiky neurodegeneratívnych ochorení pomocou RT-QuIC metódy.
Many neurodegenerative diseases are defined by the aggregation and accumulation of the specific pathological protein in the CNS, leading to irreversible and fatal changes of the tissues. However, due to high clinical and epidemiological heterogeneity, a definitive ante-mortem diagnosis is very difficult to perform. The definitive diagnosis is confirmed by neuropathological evaluation made only at autopsy. Hope for early and accurate laboratory diagnostics of these diseases within a patient’s life represents methods based on the detection of seeding activity of pathological proteins. An example is a highly specific and ultrasensitive new method called Real-Time Quaking-Induced Conversion (RT-QuIC) assay. Originally, RT-QuIC was developed for the diagnosis of prions showing 92–97% sensitivity and 100% specificity. In our laboratory, we were able to detect prions in 39 brain samples, corresponding 24 cerebrospinal fluid samples, and in 38 skin samples of patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease using RT-QuIC. Lately, the use of the RT-QuIC method for detection of pathological protein a-synuclein, which accumulates during Parkinson’s disease or dementia with Lewy bodies, and tau protein which is characteristic for Alzheimer’s disease or corticobasal degeneration, was described. This review aims to elucidate the diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases and its recent approaches using RT-QuIC.
- Klíčová slova
- RT-QuIC,
- MeSH
- Alzheimerova nemoc diagnóza MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- neurodegenerativní nemoci * diagnóza MeSH
- Parkinsonova nemoc diagnóza MeSH
- prionová bílkovina analýza MeSH
- prionové nemoci diagnóza MeSH
- priony analýza MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
The possibilities for diagnosing prion diseases have shifted significantly over the last 10 years. The RT-QuIC assay option has been added for neuropsychiatric symptoms, supporting biomarkers and final post-mortem confirmation. Samples of brain homogenates used for final diagnosis, archived for many years, provide the possibility for retrospective studies. We used a second-generation RT-QuIC assay to detect seeding activity in different types of sporadic and genetic prion diseases in archival brain homogenates and post-mortem CSF samples that were 2 to 15 years old. Together, we tested 92 archival brain homogenates: 39 with definite prion disease, 28 with definite other neurological disease, and 25 with no signs of neurological disorders. The sensitivity and specificity of the assay were 97.4% and 100%, respectively. Differences were observed in gCJD E200K, compared to the sporadic CJD group. In 52 post-mortem CSF samples-24 with definite prion disease and 28 controls-we detected the inhibition of seeding reaction due to high protein content. Diluting the samples eliminated such inhibition and led to 95.8% sensitivity and 100% specificity of the assay. In conclusion, we proved the reliability of archived brain homogenates and post-mortem CSF samples for retrospective analysis by RT-QuIC after long-term storage, without changed reactivity.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- kožní defekty, kožní transplantáty, recenzovaný článek, odběrové plochy,
- MeSH
- hojení ran MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- odběrová plocha, vlhké hojení ran, kožní nádory, Askina Calgitrol Ag,
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- náklady na zdravotní péči MeSH
- obvazy hydrokoloidní využití MeSH
- odběr tkání a orgánů metody MeSH
- transplantace kůže ošetřování MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
