BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) during the school day is crucial for the health and well-being of adolescents. This study examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on youth PA patterns to better understand these changes and to provide guidelines for school programming. METHODS: Differences in PA within specific segments of the school day were examined before and after the pandemic using the Youth Activity Profile questionnaire. Participants included 956 boys and 1,317 girls from 21 high schools. The study involved 12 Czech and 9 Polish high schools before the pandemic and 9 Czech and 8 Polish high schools after the pandemic. RESULTS: Both Czech and Polish boys and girls exhibited significantly less transportation PA to and from school and reduced PA during the school day after the pandemic compared to before. Additionally, Czech and Polish boys were significantly less physically active during school breaks, and Czech boys and girls had notably less PA during physical education lessons. The pandemic disrupted the habit of regular PA on school days, particularly evident in the decline of PA to and from school. CONCLUSION: The study confirms a significant difference in PA of Czech and Polish adolescents in various segments of the school day after students return to school following pandemic restrictions. Promoting achievement of the recommendations in the segments of the school day and in comprehensive school PA programs should be an important part of school health and education policy and public health promotion for adolescents.

• MeSH
• COVID-19 * epidemiologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• cvičení * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• pandemie MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• SARS-CoV-2 MeSH
• školy * MeSH
• studenti statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH
• Polsko MeSH

BACKGROUND: The current negative trend in the physical behavior and lifestyle of the population therefore requires adequate changes in the professional training of physiotherapists. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the structure and differences in the weekly physical activity (PA) of Czech physiotherapy students, the use of wearables in physiotherapy professional training, and the attitude of physiotherapy students toward PA and the use of wearables in physiotherapy practice. METHODS: Between 2013 and 2022, 412 physiotherapy students participated in a PA-monitoring study using questonnaires International Physical Activity Questionnaire-long form, Motives for Physical Activity Measure-Revise, pedometers, Garmin Vívofit and Axivity AX3 accelerometers. RESULTS: A retrospective analysis of physiotherapy students PA drew attention to insufficient weekly PA and insufficient achievement of the PA recommendation of at least 60 min five times a week (55% of men and 41% of women). Instrumental PA monitoring allowed analyzing individual daily PA and structure of weekly PA. Highest PA indicated men (14,102 steps/day) and women (12,724 steps/day) of the 1st study year on Tuesday. The lowest PA (9,488 steps/day for men and 8,815 steps/day for women), were observed in the 4th study year on Sundays. The recommended target of 11,000 steps per day was achieved by 40% of the men and 46% of the women. Wearables enhanced participants PA motivation (51%). CONCLUSIONS: The inclusion of weekly PA monitoring in the professional training of physiotherapists ensured a deeper insight into the possibilities of PA monitoring in physiotherapy practice . Students are prepared to use wearables more widely to improve physical therapy practice.

• MeSH
• cvičení * fyziologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fyzioterapeuti * výchova   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• motivace MeSH
• postoj zdravotnického personálu MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

BACKGROUND: Twenty-four-hour movement behaviours are gaining attention in the research community. However, no study has addressed how 24-h activity profiles vary between structured and less structured days and whether an unfavourable activity profile is associated with childhood obesity. We aimed to analyse differences between school day and weekend day 24-h activity profiles and their associations with adiposity indicators among children and adolescents. METHODS: Participants were 382 children and 338 adolescents who wore wrist accelerometers for 24 hours a day for seven consecutive days. The 24-h activity profile expressed by the average acceleration (AvAcc) and intensity gradient (IG) were estimated from multi-day raw accelerometer data. Adiposity indicators included body mass index (BMI) z-score, fat mass percentage (FM%), fat mass index (FMI), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Multiple linear regression of activity profile metrics and adiposity indicators was performed separately for school and weekend days. RESULTS: Weekend days AvAcc and IG were lower compared to school days in both age groups (p <0.001 for all). Specifically, AvAcc was lower by 9.4% and 11.3% in children and adolescents, respectively. IG on weekend days was lower (more negative) by 3.4% in children and 3.1% in adolescents. Among children, on school days AvAcc and IG were negatively associated with FM%, FMI, and VAT, whilst on weekend days AvAcc was positively associated with BMI z-score, FMI, and VAT (p < 0.05 for all). Among adolescents, negative associations were found between weekend day AvAcc and IG and FM% and FMI (p < 0.05 for all), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms the importance of 24-h activity profile as a potentially protective factor against excess adiposity. The variability of movement behaviours during structured and less structured days should be considered when optimizing the 24-h movement behaviours to prevent childhood obesity.

• MeSH
• adipozita MeSH
• cvičení MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• obezita dětí a dospívajících * MeSH
• sedavý životní styl MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Východiska: Školní pohybová aktivita (PA) adolescentů je nezastupitelná v podpoře denní PA, fyzické kondice a v osvojování pohybové gramotnosti. Neméně významná je školní PA i pro pochopení kontinuity fyzického a psychického zdraví. Cíle: Cílem studie je navrhnout a zdůvodnit doporučení k PA v segmentech školního dne a podpořit změny v edukačním procesu, podporující zdravý životní styl u adolescentů. Metodika: Ke stanovení doporučení k PA byly využity výzkumy v České republice a v Polsku. V souhrnu na výzkumech participovalo 9097 českých a 6381 polských adolescentů ve věku 15-19 let. Výzkumné metody jsou prezentovány v dílčích studiích. Výsledky: Pro bezprostřední kompenzaci edukačního zatížení a sedavého školního chování doporučujeme 500 kroků/hod (zjednodušeně nejméně 3000 kroků za čas strávený ve škole), 20 min středně až vysoce intenzivní PA (≥ 3METs nebo 60 % maximální srdeční frekvence) a v reakci na výrazný stres pak nejméně jedenkrát dosažení submaximální až maximální srdeční frekvence při PA. I ve dnech bez vyučovací jednotky tělesné výchovy v edukačním programu by v souhrnu měla školní PA tvořit nejméně 25 % času stráveného ve škole. Závěry: Pozitivní změny ve vzdělávání adolescentů jsou možné pouze s podporou a koordinovaným tlakem a kontrolou státní, zdravotní, školské i komunální politiky. Přijetí doporučení k PA v segmentech školního dne může snáze konkretizovat požadavky na změny v PA a životním stylu adolescentů na středních školách. Ve školské praxi pak může podpořit tvorbu a lepší respektování školních specifik v komplexních programech školní PA.

Background: School-based physical activity (PA) for adolescents is indispensable in promoting daily PA, physical fitness, and the acquisition of physical literacy. School PA is equally important in understanding the continuum of physical and mental health. Objective: The aim of this study is to propose and justify recommendations for PA in segments of the school day and to promote changes in the educational process to support healthy lifestyles in adolescents. Methods: Research in the Czech Republic and Poland was used to determine recommendations for PA. In total, 9097 Czech and 6381 Polish adolescents aged 15-19 years participated in the studies. The research methods are presented in sub-studies. Results: To immediately compensate for educational load and sedentary school behaviour, we recommend 500 steps/hr (simplified to at least 3000 steps per time spent in school), 20 min of moderate to high intensity PA (≥ 3METs or 60% of maximal heart rate), and then reaching submaximal to maximal heart rate at least once during PA in response to significant stress. Even on days without a physical education unit in the educational programme, in aggregate, school PA should account for at least 25% of the time spent in school. Conclusions: Positive changes in adolescent education are only possible with the support and coordinated pressure and control of state, health, school, and municipal policies. Adoption of recommendations for PA in segments of the school day can more easily concretize the requirements for changes in PA and lifestyle for adolescents in secondary schools. In turn, school-based practices may support the development and better consideration of school-specific characteristics in comprehensive school-based PA programs.

• MeSH
• klinická studie jako téma MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• pohybová aktivita * MeSH
• školy MeSH
• tělesná výchova MeSH
• životní styl MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

BACKGROUND: To date, no longitudinal study using a compositional approach has examined sedentary behavior (SB) patterns in relation to adiposity in the pediatric population. Therefore, our aims were to (1) investigate the changes in SB patterns and adiposity from childhood to adolescence, (2) analyze the prospective compositional associations between changes in SB patterns and adiposity, and (3) estimate the changes in adiposity associated with substituting SB with physical activity (PA) of different intensities. METHODS: The study presents a longitudinal design with a 5-year follow-up. A total of 88 participants (61% girls) were included in the analysis. PA and SB were monitored for seven consecutive days using a hip-worn accelerometer. Adiposity markers (fat mass percentage [FM%], fat mass index [FMI], and visceral adiposity tissue [VAT]) were assessed using the multi-frequency bioimpedance analysis. The prospective associations were examined using compositional data analysis. RESULTS: Over the follow-up period, the proportion of time spent in total SB increased by 154.8 min/day (p < 0.001). The increase in total SB was caused mainly by an increase in middle and long sedentary bouts, as these SB periods increased by 79.8 min/day and 62.0 min/day (p < 0.001 for both), respectively. FM%, FMI, and VAT increased by 2.4% points, 1.0 kg/m2, and 31.5 cm2 (p < 0.001 for all), respectively. Relative to the remaining movement behaviors, the increase in time spent in middle sedentary bouts was significantly associated with higher FM% (βilr1 = 0.27, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.02 to 0.53) at follow-up. Lower VAT by 3.3% (95% CI: 0.8 to 5.7), 3.8% (95% CI: 0.03 to 7.4), 3.9% (95% CI: 0.8 to 6.9), and 3.8% (95% CI: 0.7 to 6.9) was associated with substituting 15 min/week spent in total SB and in short, middle, and long sedentary bouts, respectively, with an equivalent amount of time spent in vigorous PA. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed unfavorable changes in SB patterns and adiposity status in the transition from childhood to adolescence. Incorporating high-intensity PA at the expense of SB appears to be an appropriate approach to reduce the risk of excess adiposity in the pediatric population.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: Further research is required to explore the associations between 24-h movement behaviours and health outcomes in the paediatric population. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the associations between novel data-driven 24-h activity metrics and adiposity among children and adolescents. METHODS: The sample included 382 children (8-13 years) and 338 adolescents (14-18 years). The average acceleration (AvAcc) of activity, intensity gradient (IG), and metrics representing the initial acceleration for the most active time periods of the 24-h cycle were calculated from raw acceleration data. Adiposity measures included body mass index z-score, fat mass percentage (FM%), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Data analysis was performed using multiple linear regression adjusted for wear time, sex, maternal education level, and maternal overweight and obesity. RESULTS: Children demonstrated higher values in all 24-h activity metrics than did adolescents (p < 0.001 for all). For children, the initial acceleration for the most active 2, 5, 15, and 30 min of the 24-h cycle were negatively associated with FM% (p ≤ 0.043 for all) and VAT (p <0.001 for all), respectively. For adolescents, the IG was negatively associated with FM% (p = 0.002) and VAT (p = 0.007). Moreover, initial acceleration for the most active 2, 5, 15, 30, 60, and 120 min were associated with FM% (p ≤ 0.007 for all) and with VAT (p ≤ 0.023 for all). CONCLUSIONS: The intensity distribution of activity and initial acceleration for the most active 2, 5, 15, 30, 60, and 120 min within the 24-h cycle are beneficial for the prevention of excess adiposity in the paediatric population.

• MeSH
• adipozita fyziologie   MeSH
• akcelerometrie MeSH
• cvičení fyziologie   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

BACKGROUND: Little is known on how context-specific sedentary behaviors (SB) affect adiposity. This study aimed to investigate compositional associations between context-specific SB and adiposity and estimate the differences in adiposity associated with replacing school and out-of-school SB with physical activity (PA). METHODS: This study included 336 children and adolescents. Time spent in SB and PA was estimated using multi-day 24-hour raw accelerometer data. SB and PA were specified for school and out-of-school times. Fat mass percentage (FM%) and fat mass index (FMI) were used as adiposity indicators. A compositional isotemporal substitution model was used to estimate differences in adiposity associated with one-to-one reallocations of time from context-specific SB to PA. RESULTS: Participants spent approximately two thirds of their school and out-of-school time being sedentary. Relative to the remaining 24-h movement behaviors, significant associations between out-of-school SB and adiposity were found in both boys (βilr1 = 0.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.03-1.22 for FM%; βilr1 = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.03-1.49 for FMI) and girls (βilr1 = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.25-0.98 for FM%; βilr1 = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.28-1.32 for FMI). Replacing 30 min/day of out-of-school SB with out-of-school light PA decreased FM% by 10.1% (95% CI = 3.3-17.9) and FMI by 14% (95% CI = 2.7-24) in girls. No significant associations were found for school SB. CONCLUSIONS: A reduction of out-of-school SB in favor of light PA should be advocated as an appropriate target for interventions and strategies to prevent childhood obesity.

• MeSH
• adipozita * MeSH
• akcelerometrie MeSH
• cvičení * MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• sedavý životní styl * MeSH
• školy MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

BACKGROUND: There are limited studies on the prevalence of adherence to the combined guidelines for physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior, and sleep in children and adolescents. Moreover, little is known about correlates of adherence to the guidelines. Therefore, the main aim of this study is to examine the prevalence and identify the correlates of adherence to the combined movement guidelines among children and adolescents. METHODS: A total of 355 children aged 8-13 years (44% boys) and 324 adolescents aged 14-18 years (43% boys) from the Czech Republic participated in this study. PA and sleep duration were estimated using multi-day 24-h raw data from wrist-worn accelerometers. Recreational screen time was parent proxy-reported in children and self-reported in adolescents. Seventeen potential correlates were grouped into three homogenous categories for biological and cognitive, behavioral, and family correlates. The multi-level multivariable logistic regression was applied to identify correlates of adherence to combined movement guidelines and to specific combinations of any of two recommendations. RESULTS: Approximately 6.5% of children and 2.2% of adolescents met all recommendations of the combined movement guidelines. In children, girls (OR = 0.4; 95% CI = 0.1-0.9) and participants with overweight or obese fathers (OR = 0.3; 95% CI = 0.1-0.7) had significantly lower odds of adherence to the combined movement guidelines. Additionally, children had higher odds of meeting specific combinations of two recommendations if they reported regular fruit and vegetable intake, participated in organized PA, or if their fathers had a university degree. Meanwhile, paternal overweight and obesity, and high sleep efficiency were associated with lower odds of meeting specific combinations of recommendations. In adolescents, sex, fruit and vegetable intake, organized PA, and active play were correlates of meeting specific combinations of any two recommendations. CONCLUSIONS: A low proportion of children and adolescents met the combined movement guidelines and several correlates related to family were identified. Family is a key source of influence for healthy movement behaviors during childhood and adolescence.

• MeSH
• čas strávený před obrazovkou * MeSH
• cvičení MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dodržování směrnic MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• sedavý životní styl * MeSH
• spánek MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

BACKGROUND: To examine compositional associations between short sleep duration and sedentary behavior (SB), light physical activity (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) among children and adolescents. METHODS: Multi-day 24-h data on sleep, SB, LPA and MVPA were collected using accelerometers among 343 children (8-13 years old) and 316 adolescents (14-18 years old). Children and adolescents with sleep duration of < 9 and < 8 h, respectively, were classified as short sleepers. Robust compositional regression analysis was used to examine the associations between short sleep duration and the waking-time composition. RESULTS: Seventy-one percent of children and 75.3% of adolescents were classified as short sleepers. In children, being a short sleeper was associated with higher SB by 95 min/day (p < 0.001) and lower MVPA by 16 min/day (p = 0.002). Specifically, it was associated with a higher amount of time spent in long sedentary bouts (βilr1 = 0.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.29 to 0.62) and lower amounts of time spent in sporadic SB (βilr1 = - 0.17, 95% CI = -0.24 to - 0.10), sporadic LPA (βilr1 = - 0.09, 95% CI = -0.14 to - 0.04) and sporadic MVPA (βilr1 = - 0.17, 95% CI = -0.25 to - 0.10, p < 0.001 for all), relative to the remaining behaviours. In adolescents, being a short sleeper was associated with a higher amount of time spent in SB by 67 min/day (p = 0.001) and lower LPA by 2 min/day (p = 0.035). Specifically, it was associated with more time spent in sedentary bouts of 1-9 min (βilr1 = 0.08, 95% CI = 0.02 to 0.14, p = 0.007) and 10-29 min (βilr1 = 0.10, 95% CI = 0.02 to 0.18, p = 0.015), relative to the remaining behaviours. CONCLUSIONS: Among children and adolescents, short sleep duration seems to be highly prevalent and associated with less healthy waking time. Public health interventions and strategies to tackle the high prevalence of short sleep duration among children and adolescents are warranted.

• MeSH
• akcelerometrie MeSH
• analýza dat MeSH
• cvičení * MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• sedavý životní styl * MeSH
• spánek * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

BACKGROUND: Little is known about the combined effect of physical activity (PA), recreational screen time (ST), and sleep in preventing childhood obesity. Hence, this study aimed to analyze the associations between meeting the PA, ST, and sleep recommendations within the 24-hour movement guidelines and adiposity indicators among children and adolescents. METHODS: A total of 679 children and adolescents aged 8-18 years were included. The time spent in moderate-to-vigorous PA and the sleep duration were estimated from raw data from a wrist-worn accelerometer. Recreational ST was reported by the child or parent. Body mass index (BMI) z-score, fat mass percentage (FM%), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) were used as adiposity indicators. Participants with ≥ 60 min/day of moderate-to-vigorous PA, < 2 h/day of recreational ST, and uninterrupted sleep for 9-11 h/day (for children) or 8-10 h/day (for adolescents) were considered to meet the overall 24-hour movement guidelines. RESULTS: Meeting the ST only recommendation was associated with reduced odds of a high BMI z-score (odds ratio [OR] = 0.38, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.17-0.89), excess FM% (OR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.13-0.93), and excess VAT (OR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.10-0.74) in adolescents. Significantly reduced odds of a high BMI z-score was associated with meeting the combination of the ST and sleep recommendations (OR = 0.11, 95% CI: 0.01-0.89). Adolescents who met one recommendation (OR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.27-0.96) or any two recommendations (OR = 0.33, 95% CI: 0.11-0.94) had reduced ORs of having a high BMI z-score. Adolescents had lower odds of having excess VAT if they met one recommendation (OR = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.19-0.81) or any two recommendations (OR = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.07-0.90). No significant associations were found in children. CONCLUSIONS: The present study showed no associations between meeting all three recommendations within the 24-hour movement guidelines and adiposity indicators. However, meeting ST only recommendation and the combination of the ST and sleep recommendations was associated with a reduced risk of excess adiposity. This finding should be considered when designing effective strategies and interventions to prevent childhood obesity.

• MeSH
• adipozita MeSH
• akcelerometrie MeSH
• čas strávený před obrazovkou * MeSH
• chování snižující riziko MeSH
• cvičení * MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dodržování směrnic statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• index tělesné hmotnosti MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• obezita dětí a dospívajících diagnóza   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• odds ratio MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• sedavý životní styl MeSH
• spánek * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH