Cíl: Předkládaná retrospektivní klinická studie hodnotí metody zevní fixace (ZF) jako definitivní metodu pro léčení závažných vysokoenergetických poranění distálního bérce v Úrazové nemocnici v Brně na Klinice traumatologie LFMU Brno. Autoři sledují dobu hojení a výskyt komplikací. METODIKA: Pacienti se zlomeninami distální tibie typ C2 a C3 podle AO klasifikace byli ošetřeni dvěma typy montáží zevního fixátoru. Hlezno přemosťující a hlezno šetřící. Je sledováno věkové spektrum, doba hojení a klinické hodnocení podle Weberova protokolu. VÝSLEDKY: Soubor tvořilo 34 pacientů. Všechny zlomeniny se zhojily do stavu schopnosti plné zátěže končetiny. Průměrná doba naložení zevního fixátoru byla 14 týdnů. Nejčastější komplikací byla pin tract infekce (13 pacientů). Hlubokou infekci jsme zaznamenali 2krát. Podle Weberova protokolu jsme u zavřených zlomenin zjistili 69 % pacientů s výbornými a dobrými výsledky u skupiny s hlezno šetřícím zevním fixátorem a 61 % pacientů u zlomenin léčených hlezno přemosťujícím ZF. U otevřených zlomenin byly výborné a dobré výsledky u hlezno šetřících fixátorů v 58 % a u hlezno přemosťujících v 53 %. Ve čtyřech případech jsme zaznamenali prodloužené hojení zlomeniny distální metafýzy. K jejich zhojení došlo po sekundární spongioplastice. Ve dvou případech jsme provedli stabilizaci mediální dlahou. ZÁVĚR: Náš soubor potvrdil dobré výsledky při léčení vysokoenergetických zlomenin distální tibie hybridním zevním fixátorem. Výhodou byl nízký výskyt komplikací a možnost brzké rehabilitace. Jeho použití je výhodné při léčení otevřených zlomenin. Zevní fixace je bezpečná metoda vhodná pro definitivní ošetření vysokoenergetických nitrokloubních zlomenin distální tibie.
OBJECTIVE: A retrospective clinical study evaluate two types of external fixation in high energy injury of distal tibial fractures treated in Traumatological hospital Brno on Clinic of Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty Masaryk University Brno. Authors evaluate duration of the fracture healing process and the incidence of complications. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The patients with distal tibial fractures type C2 and C3 according to AO classification were treated by two types of external fixation - ankle spanning and ankle sparing fixation. Clinical evaluation was achieved by Weber´s protocol. RESULTS: Authors present a study involving 34 patients. All fractures healed. The average time of fixation was 14 weeks. Pin tract infect were occurred in 13 patients and deep infection in two patients. In closed fracture with ankle sparing fixation were 69 % patients with excelent and good results according to Weber´s protocol. In closed fractures with ankle spanning fixation were 61 % patients. In open fractures group were excelent and good results in patients with ankle sparing fixation in 58 % and in ankle spanning fixation in 53 %. Delayed union were observed in 4 patients and enforced spongioplasty. In two cases were necessary performed medial plate stabilisation. CONCLUSION: Our study confirmed good results in treatment high energy distal tibial fractures by ankle sparing external fixation. The benefits of this type of external fixation were low incidence of complications and early movement of ankle. The application of external fixation is safety method appropriate for treatment of intraarticular distal tibial fractures and open fractures.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- externí fixátory MeSH
- fibula chirurgie zranění MeSH
- fixace fraktury * metody MeSH
- fraktury tibie * chirurgie radiografie terapie MeSH
- hojení ran MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- otevřené fraktury chirurgie MeSH
- radiografie MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- výsledky a postupy - zhodnocení (zdravotní péče) MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Subtotal or total meniscectomy will increase weight-bearing per square unit of the cartilage surface approximately three-and-half-times. A long-term overloading of cartilage is clinically manifested by pain, swelling and a rapid onset of early arthritic lesions discernible on radiograms. One of the options for the treatment of degenerative changes in the joint is meniscal transplant. The authors present their first experience with the transplantation of deep frozen meniscal tissue in the Czech Republic. MATERIAL By September 2006, we had treated 26 patients with clinical problems following subtotal or total meniscectomy. The patients, 15 women and 11 men, were between 24 and 46 years of age. Eighteen patients underwent transplantation of the medial meniscus and eight received a lateral meniscal transplant. Concomitant repair of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) was indicated in 11 patients, of whom 10 were treated with semitendinosus tendon graft and one with patellar ligament allograft. One patient with a lateral meniscal transplant and ACL reconstruction also had suture of the medial meniscus for a previously sustained injury. In 16 patients, chondromalacia was at the level of Outerbridge grade II and, only in five patients, the finding was Outer-bridge grade I. Five patients with grade III chondromalacia were treated using the microfracture technique. Valgus or varus osteotomy was not indicated at all. METHODS The goal of meniscal transplant surgery is: 1) to relieve pain after meniscectomy; 2) to prevent degenerative changes of cartilage; 3) to eliminate or reduce the risk of development of osteoarthritic lesions; 4) to restore normal mechanics of the knee joint. Patient selection is important and it is necessary to take into consideration: 1) level of cartilage degenerative changes; 2) knee alignment; 3) knee joint stability; 4) graft size. In patients with instability of the knee and indications for meniscal graft, it is necessary to stabilize the joint by ligament reconstruciton prior to transplantation; in the case of malalignment corrective osteotomy is required. RESULTS All patients healed without complications. At the end of the third follow-up month, the range of motion was S-0-0-130 in 22 patients and S-0-0-120 in three patients. Only one patient had the range of motion restricted to S-0-0-110. Evaluation showed improvement from pre-operative values to those at 6 months and two years post-operatively as follows: IKDS score, 57-64 to 73-80 to 76-84; Lysholm score, 50-76 to 80-90 to 85-95; and Tegner score, 2-4 to 4-7 to 5-8. No complications associated with meniscal transplant incorporation were recorded. Also in five patients with Outbridge grade III degenerative changes, meniscal transplantation was successfully carried out. In four patients, of which two had a cartilage defect treated, second-look arthroscopy showed that the lesions healed with healthy fibrocartilaginous tissue. CONCLUSIONS All patients reported resolution of subjective complaints, as seen from the results of the IKDC, Lysholm and Tegner scoring systems. It was obvious that when biomechanics of the knee joint were restored, conditions facilitating healing of chond-ral defects were provided. Based on this experience, the authors conclude that meniscal transplantation improves the quality of life in biologically young patients with clinical problems after meniscectomy.
